Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Serous cystadenoma of the testis: a case report","authors":"Thomas McLean , Que Sabmeethavorn , Annjaleen Hansa","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2026.01.096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2026.01.096","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Page S21"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147411203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spilled gallstones: an unusual mimic of adenocarcinoma in a urachal remnant","authors":"Paul McGreal, Mark Dagger","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2026.01.093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2026.01.093","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Page S20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147411245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathological associations, molecular findings and clinical outcomes of patients with non-small cell lung carcinoma with MET alterations: a 3-year retrospective Australian case series","authors":"Jing Jing Li ,&nbsp;Jawad Saab ,&nbsp;Victoria Bray ,&nbsp;Jonathan Williamson ,&nbsp;Abhijit Pal ,&nbsp;Po Yee Yip ,&nbsp;Pei Ding ,&nbsp;Shalini K. Vinod ,&nbsp;Bruce French ,&nbsp;Chee Lee ,&nbsp;Ruta Gupta ,&nbsp;Wendy A. Cooper ,&nbsp;Bin Wang ,&nbsp;C. Soon Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>MET</em> exon 14 skipping mutation (<em>MET</em>ex14) is a key oncogenic driver in 2% of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) and is enriched in sarcomatoid carcinoma (SAC). However, the prevalence and significance of <em>MET</em>ex14 NSCLC in the Australian population is not known. We evaluated the incidence, clinical, molecular, and histopathological features of <em>MET</em>ex14 and SAC cases in an Australian tertiary referral centre. We retrospectively analysed clinical, molecular, histopathological, and immunohistochemical data of NSCLC cases undergoing DNA and/or RNA fusion panel next-generation sequencing (NGS) between 1 July 2021 and 15 May 2024. Among 1267 NSCLC, 880 (69%) cases had DNA NGS only, 359 (28%) cases had both DNA NGS and RNA fusion panel, and 28 (2%) cases had RNA fusion panel only. Overall, 29 (2.3%) cases had <em>MET</em>ex14, 14 (1.1%) had <em>MET</em> amplification, and 10 (0.8%) had <em>MET</em> R988C. Of the 29 <em>MET</em>ex14 patients, 15 (52%) were women and 14 (48%) were men. <em>MET</em>ex14 patients were older than those who were <em>MET</em> wild-type, or with <em>EGFR</em> or <em>KRAS</em> mutations (median age 76 vs 71, 69, and 71, respectively) and were less likely to be smokers than <em>KRAS</em>-mutated cases (58% vs 92%, <em>p</em>&lt;0.0001). Most <em>MET</em>ex14 cases were adenocarcinomas (76%), with 14% classified as SAC. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression was higher in <em>MET</em>ex14 than in <em>EGFR</em>-mutated cases. Median survival for <em>MET</em>ex14 patients was 26 months (stage I), not reached (stage II), 8 months (stage III), and 3.5 months (stage IV). Among 28 SAC cases, 57% harboured oncogenic mutations, including <em>KRAS</em> (18%), <em>MET</em>ex14 (14%), <em>BRAF</em> V600E (7%), and <em>EGFR</em> exon 19 deletion (4%). SAC exhibited significantly higher PD-L1 expression (mean tumour proportion score 71 vs 30, <em>p</em>&lt;0.0001) and a greater proportion of high PD-L1 expressors (82% vs 30%, <em>p</em>&lt;0.0001) than other NSCLC subtypes. Stage IV SAC patients had a median survival of only 2 months. In summary, in our cohort of NSCLC, <em>MET</em>ex14 mutation was found in 2% of cases using DNA NGS alone ​and up to 3% when both DNA NGS and RNA fusion panel testing were employed. <em>MET</em>ex14 mutations were more common in elderly patients, with an equal gender distribution and a high proportion of non-smokers. While most cases were adenocarcinomas, SAC was enriched for <em>MET</em>ex14. SAC was an aggressive NSCLC subtype, with <em>KRAS</em> and <em>MET</em>ex14 as the most common driver mutations. Given the high prevalence of PD-L1 expression in SAC, further research on immunotherapy efficacy in this group is warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 41-51"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145557336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of a second expert opinion in histopathological diagnosis of bone and soft tissue sarcoma: a systematic review","authors":"Jennifer Vu ,&nbsp;Claudia Petrucco ,&nbsp;Cristina Vargas ,&nbsp;Susie Bae ,&nbsp;Richard Carey Smith ,&nbsp;Jayesh Desai ,&nbsp;Andrew Johnston ,&nbsp;Marianne Phillips ,&nbsp;Stephen Thompson ,&nbsp;Smaro Lazarakis ,&nbsp;Jasmine Mar ,&nbsp;Angela M. Hong ,&nbsp;Fiona Maclean","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate subtype diagnosis of sarcoma is crucial for optimal patient management, requiring integration of clinical, radiological, morphological, immunohistochemical, and molecular findings. This systematic review examines the value of expert second opinions in the histopathological diagnosis of bone and soft tissue sarcomas. The review was conducted using the population, intervention, comparison, and outcome model over a 32-year timeframe. Notably, five studies reported major discrepancy rates exceeding 20%, impacting patient management or prognosis. Given these findings, we recommend referring all suspected sarcoma cases to specialised sarcoma centres for expert second opinions to ensure accurate diagnosis and optimal care. While all studies broadly addressed diagnostic discrepancy during second opinion review, there were difficulties in comparing the data from various studies. These difficulties related to the lack of standardised definitions of what constitutes (1) a second opinion, (2) a specialist pathologist in sarcoma, and (3) a discordant diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145752021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pituitary IgG4 inflammatory infiltrates: a shared finding in different pituitary conditions","authors":"Carmela Caputo ,&nbsp;Yi Yuen Wang ,&nbsp;Penelope A. McKelvie","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the last decade, IgG4-related hypophysitis (IgG4-RH) has been increasingly recognised as a manifestation of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD). Concurrently, several cases of ‘isolated IgG4-RH’ have been reported, without any features of typical manifestations of IgG4-RD. Furthermore, IgG4 histological inflammatory infiltrates are being reported in other pituitary pathologies leading to some diagnostic confusion as to the possibility of it being a manifestation of IgG4-RD. This paper examines recent published cases of IgG4-RH to provide an updated understanding of the clinical landscape of IgG4 inflammatory changes in the pituitary gland, with a particular focus on isolated IgG4-RH. Literature review of all detailed case reports or case series of IgG4-RH reported between 2014 and 2025 was conducted. IgG4 inflammatory infiltrates are defined as the presence &gt;10 IgG4-positive cells per high-power field and/or &gt;40% IgG4 plasma cells with storiform fibrosis. Cases were divided into three groups: isolated IgG4-RH, IgG4-RH-associated IgG4-RD ​and IgG4 inflammatory infiltrates with cystic and other pituitary pathologies. Nineteen cases of isolated IgG4-RH and 12 cases of IgG4-RH-associated IgG4-RD have been reported since 2014. The group with isolated IgG4-RH was significantly different from that with IgG4-RH-associated IgG4-RD, with a female preponderance of 3.8:1 and younger age (mean 39 years versus 60 years). Fourteen cases of typical IgG4 inflammatory infiltrates were also documented in other pituitary lesions; most notably these were Rathke’s cleft cysts. The findings of IgG4 inflammatory infiltrates in the pituitary gland can be found in numerous pituitary pathologies. Isolated IgG4-RH disproportionately affects younger females and generally necessitates medical therapies: it may be a form of lymphocytic hypophysitis rather than a <em>forme fruste</em> of IgG4-RH associated with IgG4-RD. Histopathology of IgG4 inflammatory infiltrates in the pituitary gland is non-diagnostic: it requires histopathologists, endocrinologists and neurosurgeons to consider the clinical status and radiological findings in each case to clarify the diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 8-18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145763521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising diagnosis of resistant cytomegalovirus using next-generation sequencing","authors":"Jocelyn Hume ,&nbsp;Nilanthy Vigneswaran ,&nbsp;Kym Lowry ,&nbsp;Emma L. Sweeney ,&nbsp;David M. Whiley ,&nbsp;Bradley J. Gardiner","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 105-107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145743676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycobacterium genavense duodenitis with iron deficiency anaemia in new diagnosis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome","authors":"Alexander Youssef ,&nbsp;Shirin Salimi ,&nbsp;Wendy Cooper ,&nbsp;Lisa Horgan ,&nbsp;Ken Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 107-109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A contemporary analysis of solid-phase antiphospholipid antibody testing: implications for classification or diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome","authors":"Caitlin Thirunavukarasu ,&nbsp;Leonardo Pasalic ,&nbsp;Emmanuel J. Favaloro","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) testing is required for diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Although they have different uses, clinicians sometimes (inappropriately) use APS classification criteria as diagnostic criteria. We evaluated interlaboratory performance of testing for anticardiolipin (aCL) and anti-beta-2-glycoprotein (aβ2GPI) from participants of the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia Quality Assurance Programs Immunology program over the last 3 years, from information in the final reports. We analysed data for aCL immunoglobulin (Ig)G, aCL IgM and aβ2GPI IgG testing, as representing the main aPL assays. These were assessed according to reagent type and subtyped into enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) versus non-ELISA solid-phase assays. We assessed results for interlaboratory consensus regarding aPL-positive versus aPL-negative samples and quantitative data, including mean, median, coefficient of variation (CV), and standard deviation. Universal consensus was only achieved in approximately one-third (39%) of samples over the reporting period, while 80% participant agreement occurred in 87.5% of tests overall, with results comparable between analytes (22/24=92% IgG aCL; 19/24=79% IgM aCL; 22/24=92% IgG aβ2GPI). CVs were often above 50% for aPL-positive samples for most ELISA assays, but often &lt;20% for non-ELISA methods, with the poorest overall harmonisation for aCL IgM testing. There was an emerging trend for reduced usage of ELISA-based assays, with currently fewer than 25% of participants using these assays. In conclusion, variability persists in the reporting of aCL and aβ2GPI, with limited consensus and an emerging trend to uptake of non-ELISA solid-phase reagents, with reduced CV trends, highlighting the disconnect between APS classification and diagnostic criteria. Further harmonisation of solid-phase testing for real-world diagnostic applications is also required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"58 1","pages":"Pages 76-84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145422453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical presentation of gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma: a rare and ominous intracranial presentation","authors":"Ashley Cha Yin Lim,&nbsp;David Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2026.01.075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2026.01.075","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Page S16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147394453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superficial mucosal gastric amyloidosis: an unusual pattern","authors":"Sulagna Gupta,&nbsp;Khalid Jaber,&nbsp;Stephen Peyton","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2026.01.060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2026.01.060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"58 ","pages":"Page S13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147394660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}