Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Myoepithelial carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland: a rare case with FGFR1::PLAG1 fusion, and a brief review of the literature.","authors":"Brigitte Papa, Ahmad Aga, Priscillia Siswara, Noel Djitro, Phillip Moore, Pranav Dorwal","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary mesenteric sarcoma with MGA::NUTM1 gene rearrangement: a case report and review on the emerging subset of NUTM1-rearranged neoplasms.","authors":"Noorjehan Omar, Akihiko Yoshida, Hitomi S Okuma, Tony Ng, Faisal Ramli, May Feng Chen, Victor Kwan Min Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2025.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological and molecular characteristics of paediatric-type follicular lymphoma: an analysis of 39 cases.","authors":"Yinglan Tuo, Anqi Li, Chunxue Yang, Binshen Ouyang, Yingting Liu, Yimin Li, Xia Shen, Lei Zhang, Haimin Xu, Chaofu Wang, Hongmei Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our aim was to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of paediatric-type follicular lymphoma (PTFL). The clinicopathological data were collected from 39 patients with PTFL diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China, from January 2017 to September 2024, including the morphology, immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis, and Ig gene rearrangements detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) was performed to detect breakages in BCL2, BCL6, MYC, and IRF4 genes. In situ hybridisation (ISH) was used to detect Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded small RNAs (EBERs). Follow-up data were obtained from all patients through telephone interviews and by checking the electronic medical record system. The study cohort comprised 39 PTFL patients, 34 males and five females, with a median age of 15 years (range 7-41 years). The primary clinical presentation was lymph node enlargement in the head and neck regions, without systemic symptoms such as fever, night sweats, or weight loss. All patients were staged as I or II. Of these, 34 patients were followed up, whilst five were lost to follow-up. The follow-up period extended from 3 to 89 months, with no recorded cases of disease progression or mortality. Histologically, the architecture of the lymph nodes was markedly altered by large, irregular follicular nodules, which were either confluent or back-to-back, and contained medium-sized, relatively uniform blastoid cells. Some cases exhibited a mix of cell types characteristic of high-grade classic follicular lymphoma. All cases exhibited prominent 'starry-sky' pattern in neoplastic germinal centres. Mantle zones were often thin or absent. Neoplastic follicles were immunoreactive for CD20, CD79α, BCL6, and CD10, but not for CD3 and CD5. BCL2 was not expressed except for a few atypical cells in Cases 15 and 27 showing weak BCL2 expression. MUM1 was negative, except in Cases 5 and 27, where tumour cells were MUM1 positive. C-MYC expression varied in 24 cases, and the Ki-67 proliferation index was elevated (40-90%). CD21 and CD23 highlighted the follicular dendritic cells, confirming the confinement of tumour cells to the follicles. Immunoglobulin D (IgD) staining revealed attenuated or discontinuous mantle zones. EBV ISH was positive in only one of 37 cases. PCR detected Ig gene rearrangements in 35 of 36 cases. FISH analyses revealed no translocations or rearrangements in BCL2, BCL6, IRF4, or MYC. Collectively, our findings provide a deeper understanding of the clinical, morphological, IHC, and molecular characteristics of PTFL, which portends a favourable prognosis, setting it apart from conventional follicular lymphoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HER2-low across solid tumours: different incidences and definitions","authors":"Ximena Baez-Navarro ,&nbsp;Floris H. Groenendijk ,&nbsp;Lindsey Oudijk ,&nbsp;Jan von der Thüsen ,&nbsp;Nicola Fusco ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Curigliano ,&nbsp;Carolien H.M. van Deurzen","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibody-drug conjugates, particularly trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), have emerged as effective therapies for various solid tumours. Clinical trials show that T-DXd improves survival in both HER2-positive and HER2-low breast cancer patients. Additionally, it improves survival in HER2-positive gastro-oesophageal cancer and elicits objective responses in HER2-low tumours. Responses have also been noted in lung and gynaecological cancers with HER2 expression, although subgroup analyses for HER2-low cases are lacking. This review assesses HER2 protein expression levels and gene amplification across solid tumours where T-DXd shows potential benefits. We focus on the accuracy and limitations of HER2 testing methods, particularly for identifying HER2-low cancer. A semi-systematic approach was employed, searching EMBASE, Medline, Cochrane, and PubMed databases. We calculated median incidences of HER2-positive, HER2-low, and HER2-0 by immunohistochemistry (IHC), and HER2 amplification by <em>in situ</em> hybridisation (ISH). A total of 144 studies were included, covering breast (<em>n</em>=57), gastro-oesophageal (<em>n</em>=33), lung (<em>n</em>=17), gynaecological (<em>n</em>=24), and various other carcinomas (<em>n</em>=13). The median incidences of HER2-low were 52%, 16%, 58%, and 17% in breast, gastro-oesophageal, endometrial, and ovarian cancers, respectively, with unknown incidences in lung and cervical cancers. Factors influencing HER2-low detection include tumour heterogeneity, antibody clones, observer variability, and lack of validated scoring criteria. Given the significant proportion of HER2-low cases, many patients could benefit from T-DXd, but limitations in detection accuracy necessitate further research and standardisation in diagnostic methods and criteria to advance the clinical utility of T-DXd for HER2-low tumours.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"57 4","pages":"Pages 403-414"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mycoplasma pneumoniae: evolving diagnostic methods for a known pathogen","authors":"Samuel Baumgart ,&nbsp;Darcy Gray ,&nbsp;Juliette Holland ,&nbsp;Rebecca Rockett ,&nbsp;Vitali Sintchenko ,&nbsp;Jen Kok","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</em> causes community-acquired pneumonia and extrapulmonary manifestations. It is an important cause of atypical pneumonia in children and can be associated with cyclical epidemics. This manuscript reviews the performance of current <em>M. pneumoniae</em> diagnostic methods, including culture-based, serological and nucleic acid amplification testing. The added value of molecular typing and genome sequencing in controlling <em>M. pneumoniae</em> epidemics is also considered, especially in characterising the evolving epidemiology and detecting genes and mutations associated with antimicrobial resistance, studies of which are lacking in Australia at present.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"57 4","pages":"Pages 415-424"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why we need molecular testing guidelines for lung cancer in Australia","authors":"Vivek Rathi","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"57 4","pages":"Pages 401-402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saving pathologists and the planet: reducing environmental footprint, expenditure and toxicity for our laboratories","authors":"Simone L. Van Es","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"57 4","pages":"Pages 399-400"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Encapsulating the diagnostics of cryptococcal infections: what to do when there is minimal capsule","authors":"Ravin Hettiarachchi ,&nbsp;Michael Han ,&nbsp;Mark Krockenberger ,&nbsp;Louella Davey ,&nbsp;Pamela Konecny ,&nbsp;Robert Stevens ,&nbsp;Chris Weatherall","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2024.12.646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2024.12.646","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"57 4","pages":"Pages 532-535"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotypic diversity and antimicrobial resistance phenotype of carbapenem-resistant and carbapenem-susceptible Acinetobacter species isolates.","authors":"Ka Lip Chew, Ker Xin Tan, Nur Aisyah Binte Abu Bakar, Raymond Lin, Jeanette W P Teo","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2024.12.647","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pathol.2024.12.647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Members of the Acinetobacter baumannii complex are common nosocomial pathogens with propensity for developing carbapenem resistance. Much emphasis is placed on carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), although carbapenem-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii (CSAB) isolates also cause serious infections. Genomic and phenotypic differences between these isolates are analysed in this study. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on a collection of 90 non-duplicate isolates of Acinetobacter spp. isolates. Phenotypic susceptibility results performed routinely were also collected and correlated against presence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. The included isolates were predominantly A. baumannii (n=77), followed by Acinetobacter nosocomialis (n=8), Acinetobacter pittii (n=2), Acinetobacter ursingii (n=1), Acinetobacter soli (n=1), and Acinetobacter colistiniresistens (n=1). After excluding duplicate isolates, most of the 77 A. baumannii isolates were identified as carbapenem-resistant sequence type (ST) 2 strains (n=43), which were associated with the presence of oxacillinase (OXA)-23 carbapenemases. Comparatively, CSAB were more diverse, comprising various STs. Overall susceptibilities to non-β-lactam antibiotics indicate ​highest susceptibility rates to co-trimoxazole, followed by gentamicin and quinolones. Isolates that were resistant to co-trimoxazole possessed sul1 and/or sul2 genes and isolates resistant to gentamicin had armA and/or ant(2″)-Ia genes. CRAB and CSAB were also distinctly different in terms of resistance to non-β-lactam antibiotics with >90% susceptibility to quinolones, co-trimoxazole, and gentamicin in CSAB isolates, compared to 4.2%, 56.3%, and 33.3% in CRAB. Further stratification was performed based on capsular polysaccharide [K locus (KL)] types. The resistance rates amongst the three most common KL types in carbapenem-resistant ST2 isolates showed considerable variation. For gentamicin, 92.9% (13/14) of KL10, 61.5% (8/13) of KL210, and 45.5% (5/11) of KL2 isolates were resistant. For co-trimoxazole, 0.0% (0/14) of KL10, 92.3% (12/13) of KL210, and 36.4% (4/11) of KL2 isolates were resistant. Overall, the most common types were KL10 (n=15), KL210 (n=14), KL2 (n=11), KL24 (n=6), and KL106 (n=5). The most common types seen in blood isolates were KL210 and KL24 (n=4 each). In summary, CRAB in our institution is dominated by ST2 isolates. There was also strong correlation between the AMR genes present with phenotypic resistance in our collection of isolates. KL type provides further stratification of isolates in terms of invasiveness and AMR.</p>","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microvascular density using the Chalkley method: a potential alternative to the World Health Organization nuclear grading in pleural mesothelioma prognostication","authors":"Revania Pillay ,&nbsp;Ashleigh J. Hocking ,&nbsp;Sarita Prabhakaran ,&nbsp;Sonja Klebe","doi":"10.1016/j.pathol.2024.12.643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pathol.2024.12.643","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19915,"journal":{"name":"Pathology","volume":"57 4","pages":"Pages 505-506"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}