Pain Research & Management最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Experimental Pain and Visual Feedback on the Accuracy and Precision of Knee Joint Position Sense.","authors":"Shaojun Liao, Lars Arendt-Nielsen, Kelun Wang, Rogerio Pessoto Hirata","doi":"10.1155/prm/9328803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/prm/9328803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the effects of experimental pain and visual feedback on the accuracy and precision of knee joint position sense following a period of motor training. <b>Methods:</b> Forty healthy young subjects (age: 24.5 ± 3.6 years old) underwent an 8 day motor training. After the training, they were instructed to perform a knee reposition task before and after receiving an injection of either hypertonic (pain group) or isotonic (control group) saline into the infrapatellar fat pad of the left knee. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was recorded for both groups. In each condition, participants were instructed to extend their knee to three predetermined target positions (30°, 45°, and 60°) for 10 repetitions, both with visual feedback (VF) and without visual feedback (NVF). The accuracy and precision of the knee reposition task were measured before and after the injection. Accuracy was determined by calculating the mean difference between the target angle and the actual angle achieved, while precision was determined by calculating the standard deviation of all actual angles. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVAs and independent-samples <i>t</i>-tests to compare the pain and control groups. <b>Results:</b> The VAS were 4.14 ± 2.48 for the pain group and 0.83 ± 0.89 for the control group. There was a significant decrease in knee accuracy after the injection of hypertonic saline compared to movements before the injection during VF (<i>p</i>=0.009). The pain group showed significantly worse knee accuracy compared to the control group in the relative change of performance during VF (<i>p</i>=0.015). <b>Conclusions:</b> This study demonstrates that experimental knee pain impairs the accuracy of joint position sense, even after a period of motor training. This could serve as a helpful cue for individuals with knee pain to pursue timely treatment, thereby reducing the risk of additional injury. <b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04146311.</p>","PeriodicalId":19913,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research & Management","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9328803"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Chronic Postsurgical Pain Knowledge Among Surgical Nurses in a Turkish University Hospital.","authors":"Aysel Doğan, Runida Doğan, Dilek Güneş, Nazlıcan Bağci","doi":"10.1155/prm/9954969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/prm/9954969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) is a significant yet often underrecognized complication following surgical procedures, impacting patients' quality of life. Surgical nurses play a crucial role in postoperative care and pain management, making their knowledge of CPSP essential for improving patient outcomes. The aim of the study was to assess CPSP knowledge among surgical nurses in a Turkish University Hospital. <b>Methods:</b> This descriptive cross-sectional study included a total of 175 nurses. Data were collected from nurses employed in the surgical units of İnönü University hospital between May 15 and June 15, 2023. Personal information and knowledge-level forms created by the researchers were used for data collection. IBM SPSS Statistics v.25 was used for the statistical analysis. <b>Results:</b> The mean CPSP knowledge score of the nurses working in surgical clinics was 9.26 ± 1.40 (min. = 0, max. = 12) and 75.4% of them had sufficient knowledge. Surgical nurses' knowledge level of CPSP was influenced by their education level (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001) and total duration of employment in the surgical department (<i>p</i>=0.002). <b>Conclusions:</b> Although most surgical nurses had sufficient CPSP knowledge, gaps remained, particularly among those with lower education levels and less experience. Targeted training programs and continuous professional development initiatives are recommended to enhance CPSP awareness and improve postoperative pain management practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":19913,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research & Management","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9954969"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Nonpharmacologic Interventions by Adults With High-Impact Chronic Pain in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.","authors":"Natasha L Parman, Robert H Schmicker, Sean D Rundell","doi":"10.1155/prm/5213178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/prm/5213178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> Few studies compare differences in the use of nonpharmacologic interventions (NPIs) between those with high-impact chronic pain (HICP) and low-impact chronic pain (LICP) or describe differences in the use of NPIs by locations of bothersome pain. <b>Objectives:</b> To describe the use of NPIs in HICP and LICP subgroups and to examine the association between locations of bothersome pain and use of NPIs among those with HICP. <b>Methods:</b> We used data from the 2019 National Health Interview Survey. After identifying respondents who reported having chronic pain, we then created high and low pain impact subgroups. Additional variables in our analyses included sociodemographic data, health characteristics, and pain management characteristics. Our analysis included descriptive statistics, Chi-squared tests, and adjusted survey-weighted logistic regression models. <b>Results:</b> The estimated prevalence of chronic pain in US adults was 19.9% (95% CI: 19.5-20.0), with 36.4% (95% CI: 35.1-38.0) of that group having HICP. Of those with HICP, 69.7% (95% CI: 67.6-71.9) reported using ≥ 1 NPIs in the past 3 months, compared to 62.9% (95% CI: 61.1-64.6) with LICP. The most frequently used NPI was physical, rehabilitative, or occupational therapy (25.9%, 95% CI: 24.0-27.9), and the least used was a peer support group (2.7%, 95% CI: 2.0-3.6). Among those with HICP, bothersome back pain (OR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.19-1.95) and upper extremity pain (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.003-1.59) are associated with the greater use of any NPIs compared to those without bothersome pain at these sites, respectively. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our findings highlight that most US adults with HICP have recently used NPIs to manage their pain, but the use of specific NPIs varied considerably. The odds of using NPIs were different depending on the locations of bothersome pain. Future work should examine barriers for access to specific NPIs or the use of NPIs by locations of bothersome pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":19913,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research & Management","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5213178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dezocine Exerts Analgesic Effects in Chronic Pain by Activation of κ- and μ-Opioid Receptors and Inhibition of Norepinephrine and Serotonin Reuptake.","authors":"Zihan Liu, Anan Liu, Jing Chen, Jing-Rui Chai, Panwen Liu, Ru-Feng Ye, Jing-Gen Liu, Yu-Jun Wang","doi":"10.1155/prm/5656675","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/prm/5656675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Dezocine is a leading analgesic in China used for relieving moderate to severe pain. Previous studies have characterized its pharmacological properties, demonstrating its role as a partial agonist at both the κ-opioid receptor (KOR) and the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), thereby producing potent antinociceptive effects in acute pain models. However, its efficacy and mechanisms in chronic pain management remained unclear. <b>Methods:</b> Chronic pain models, including chronic neuropathic pain and cancer pain, were employed using chronic constriction injury (CCI) of the sciatic nerve and bone cancer pain (BCP) methodologies, respectively. The assessment of the mechanical allodynia was conducted using a von Frey filament. <b>Results:</b> Dezocine, administered via the intraperitoneal route, alleviated both neuropathic pain and cancer pain in a dose-dependent manner, with ED₅₀ of 1.3 mg/kg and 1.6 mg/kg, respectively. In the CCI model, the analgesic effect of dezocine was significantly inhibited by pretreating with KOR antagonist nor-BNI, MOR antagonist β-FNA, α2-adrenoceptor antagonist yohimbine, and 5-HT2A receptor antagonist altanserin. In the BCP model, dezocine-induced analgesia was markedly suppressed by nor-BNI, β-FNA, and yohimbine but not altanserin. <b>Conclusion:</b> These results suggest that, in neuropathic pain, the analgesic effects of dezocine are mediated through KOR and MOR activation, together with norepinephrine reuptake inhibition (NRI) and serotonin reuptake inhibition. In contrast, in cancer pain, KOR and MOR activation and NRI are involved in mediating the analgesic effect of dezocine. This study, along with previous data, enhances our understanding of the potential clinical utility of dezocine and elucidates its mechanisms of action in chronic pain management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19913,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research & Management","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5656675"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11991863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Controlled Trial: Addressing Kinesiophobia in Post-Meniscoplasty Patients Through Progressive Muscle Relaxation Training and Acupressure.","authors":"Rui Xu, Junfang Miao, Yingxia Gong, Hongan Jia, Huijuan Wu, Weizhao Wang, Huijuan Wang, Mengmeng Dong, Ying Zhang","doi":"10.1155/prm/1270985","DOIUrl":"10.1155/prm/1270985","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background:&lt;/b&gt; The increasing prevalence of kinesiophobia, or the fear of movement, among patients following meniscectomy has necessitated the exploration of effective rehabilitative interventions. Traditional methods of rehabilitation often do not adequately address the psychological components of recovery, leading to prolonged recovery times and decreased quality of life. &lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; The objective of this study is to explore the effectiveness of psychological and traditional Chinese medical techniques, including progressive muscle relaxation training (PMRT) and acupressure, in treating kinesiophobia among patients after meniscus surgery. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; This randomized clinical trial commenced in December 2021 at the Sports Medicine Department of a hospital in Gansu Province and concluded in February 2023. Seventy hospital inpatients with movement disorders who had undergone meniscus shaping surgery participated in the study (experimental Group 35 people, control Group 35 people). The control group received standard care. In addition to receiving routine care, the experimental group underwent an additional 30 min of PMRT and 5-10 min of acupressure. The kinesiophobia scores and pain scores were assessed using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before the intervention, the first day after the intervention, the fifth day after the intervention, and on the day of discharge. On the day of discharge, the Knee Society Score (KSS) was used to assess the knee joint function of the patients. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures ANOVA. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The study included 70 kinesiophobia patients following meniscoplasty, equally split between the experimental and control groups. Attrition resulted in 3 experimental group withdrawals and 2 from the control group, leaving 65 for the final analysis (32 experimental, 33 control). The average age of the patients was (67.03 ± 8.26) years, with an average BMI of (25.09 ± 2.88) kg/cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. Females accounted for 66.10% of the participants. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of their preintervention TSK scores, VAS scores, and other baseline data (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the kinesiophobia scores (TSK scores) and pain scores (VAS scores) between the experimental group and the routine care group both before the intervention and on the first day after the intervention (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). However, the fifth-day and discharge assessments revealed significant score improvements in the experimental group (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), along with KSS scores indicating enhanced knee joint function compared to controls (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; PMRT combined with acupressure effectively decreases kinesiophobia levels post-meniscoplasty, mitigates pain, fosters early functional exercise participation, and promotes knee joint function recovery. &lt;b&gt;Tri","PeriodicalId":19913,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research & Management","volume":"2025 ","pages":"1270985"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11976047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators to Implementing Acute Pain Services at King Faisal Hospital Rwanda.","authors":"Gaston Nyirigira, Felix Rutayisire, Jackson Kwizera Ndekezi, Rulinda Kwizera, Kara L Neil","doi":"10.1155/prm/8360891","DOIUrl":"10.1155/prm/8360891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> As a critical component of clinical care, every patient should have access to acute pain service (APS). Despite significant progress in its development, acute pain is under or inadequately treated, particularly in African countries. In addition, acute pain treatment and management has received insufficient clinical attention, resulting in inadequacies in postoperative pain relief, which has continued to be a significant challenge. <b>Aims:</b> This study aims to assess the knowledge, perceptions, and experiences of healthcare professionals about APS delivery at King Faisal Hospital Rwanda (KFH). <b>Methods:</b> Nine semistructured focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted from April to May 2023. Participants were selected via random stratified sampling, and FGDs were conducted in internal medicine, anesthesia and the operating theater, obstetrics and gynecology, the intensive care unit, pediatrics, accident and emergency, medical doctors, physiotherapy, and the surgical ward departments at KFH. <b>Results:</b> Participants highlighted four key areas that can serve as either barriers or facilitators to implementing APS at KFH. These include healthcare provider skills and training; the development and implementation of standardized protocols; establishing a dedicated interdisciplinary APS team; and patient awareness and education. <b>Conclusions:</b> Having institutional systems in place, including standardized protocols, a dedicated team, and regular training opportunities, may help strengthen APS. Patient education and ensuring patients know their care options is another facilitator to improving APS.</p>","PeriodicalId":19913,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research & Management","volume":"2025 ","pages":"8360891"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gua Sha Alleviates Radiculitis-Induced Pain Via HIF-1α-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming Pathway in Rats.","authors":"Haotian Ge, Shuxia Yan, Mingwan Yin, Yujie Gao, Jiayi Wang, Qin Wang, Guihua Xu, Min Yang","doi":"10.1155/prm/9923147","DOIUrl":"10.1155/prm/9923147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Radiculitis-induced pain (RIP) results from dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensitization due to inflammation. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1<i>α</i>) is linked to inflammatory responses through metabolic changes, but its role in RIP is not well understood. Gua Sha therapy has been shown to reduce inflammation and neural damage from lumbar disc herniation (LDH). This study investigates whether HIF-1α-mediated metabolic reprogramming contributes to the pain-relieving effects of Gua Sha in RIP. <b>Methods:</b> Male SD rats were subjected to LDH surgery and divided into six groups: sham, model, sham Gua Sha, Gua Sha, Gua Sha + DMOG, and Gua Sha + YC-1. Gua Sha was applied 5 days postsurgery, every other day for three sessions per course, totaling three courses. Changes in paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and latency (PWL) were monitored, along with blood flow in the rats' backs. Levels of IL-1β, TNF-<i>α</i>, and NF-κB were assessed in serum and DRG tissue. Pathological changes and hypoxia in DRG tissues were observed using hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunofluorescence. Western blotting and qPCR measured HIF-1α, GLUT1, PFKM, and PDK1 expression, while lactic acid and ATP levels in DRG tissue were also evaluated. <b>Results:</b> Gua Sha increased PWT and PWL, reduced serum and DRG inflammatory factors, improved back microcirculation, alleviated DRG hypoxia, and decreased HIF-1α and related signaling factors. It also lowered lactic acid and raised ATP levels. DMOG, a HIF-1α activator, reversed these effects. HIF-1α activation did not affect serum inflammatory factors but partially improved PWT. Inhibition of HIF-1α with YC-1 did not significantly differ from Gua Sha alone. <b>Conclusion:</b> HIF-1α-mediated metabolic reprogramming is a pathogenic mechanism in RIP. Gua Sha alleviates RIP by enhancing microcirculation, improving DRG hypoxia, inhibiting HIF-1α-mediated reprogramming, and reducing DRG sensitization and inflammation. This study provides insights into the mechanisms of Gua Sha's therapeutic effects in RIP.</p>","PeriodicalId":19913,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research & Management","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9923147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are the Analgesic Effects of Morphine Added to Transversus Abdominis Plane Block Systemic or Regional? A Randomized Clinical Trial.","authors":"Meryem Onay, Osman Kaya, Elçin Telli, Ayten Bilir, Mehmet Sacit Güleç","doi":"10.1155/prm/9187270","DOIUrl":"10.1155/prm/9187270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> This study was designed to compare the effectiveness of the transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block with the addition of morphine to bupivacaine and the TAP block with bupivacaine plus intramuscular (IM) morphine. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of morphine administered with the TAP block on postoperative opioid consumption and pain scores and, secondarily, to determine whether the effect was systemic or local. <b>Methods:</b> This prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial included 52 patients. In the IM group, morphine at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg based on ideal body weight (IBW) was administered IM. In addition, a bilateral TAP block was performed under ultrasound guidance using a total of 40 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine, with 20 mL injected on each side. In the TAP group, an ultrasound-guided TAP block, including a total of 40 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine and 0.1 mg/kg morphine according to the IBW of patients, was administered bilaterally. <b>Results:</b> Total morphine consumption 24 h was 19.08 + 11.35 in the IM group and 11.81 + 7.02 in the TAP group, with an estimated difference in means of 7.2 (95% CI: 2.0, 12.5; <i>p</i>=0.008). The morphine consumption after 6, 12, and 24 h was lower in the TAP group than in the IM group (<i>p</i>=0.033, <i>p</i>=0.003, and <i>p</i>=0.008, respectively). The VAS scores at rest and during movement did not differ between the two groups. The total 24-h ondansetron consumption was higher in the IM group (<i>p</i>=0.046). The postoperative heart rates, blood pressure, and peripheral oxygen saturation at 0, 1, 6, 12, and 24 h did not differ significantly between the groups. <b>Conclusions:</b> The addition of morphine to the TAP block may be an effective method for postoperative analgesia in gynecologic surgery and may not increase systemic side effects, due to the possible local effects of morphine administered interfacial. <b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05420337.</p>","PeriodicalId":19913,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research & Management","volume":"2025 ","pages":"9187270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11922606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial Effects of Exercise in Neuropathic Pain: An Overview of the Mechanisms Involved.","authors":"Ali Ghanbari","doi":"10.1155/prm/3432659","DOIUrl":"10.1155/prm/3432659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuropathic pain is a prevalent issue that often arises following injuries to the peripheral or central nervous system. Unfortunately, there is currently no definitive and flawless treatment available to alleviate this type of pain. However, exercise has emerged as a promising nonpharmacological and adjunctive approach, demonstrating a significant impact in reducing pain intensity. This is why physical therapy is considered a beneficial approach for diminishing pain and promoting functional recovery following nerve injuries. Regular physical activity exerts its hypoalgesic effects through a diverse array of mechanisms. These include inhibiting oxidative stress, suppressing inflammation, and modulating neurotransmitter levels, among others. It is possible that multiple activated mechanisms may coexist within an individual. However, the priming mechanism does not need to be the same across all subjects. Each person's response to physical activity and pain modulation may vary depending on their unique physiological and genetic factors. In this review, we aimed to provide a concise overview of the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of regular exercise on neuropathic pain. We have discussed several key mechanisms that contribute to the improvement of neuropathic pain through exercise. However, it is important to note that this is not an exhaustive analysis, and there may be other mechanisms at play. Our goal was to provide a brief yet informative exploration of the topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":19913,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research & Management","volume":"2025 ","pages":"3432659"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poor Sleep Quality Worsens Static and Dynamic Balance Control in Individuals With Chronic Low Back Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Daniel K Y Zheng, Zhihan Sun, Jeremy R Chang, Frank F Huang, Yilin Liu, Siying Yu, Jinlong Wu, Zimeng Wang, Arnold Y L Wong, Xueqiang Wang","doi":"10.1155/prm/5224748","DOIUrl":"10.1155/prm/5224748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the influence of sleep quality and associated factors on balance control in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP). <b>Methods:</b> 85 participants (mean age 33.2 ± 12.5 years) with CLBP were recruited. Physical and emotional well-beings were evaluated using a battery of questionnaires. Sleep quality over the last month was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Participants were dichotomized into the good sleep quality (GSQ) and poor sleep quality (PSQ) groups if their PSQI scores were ≤ 5 and > 5, respectively. Balance control was measured using the one-leg stance with eyes closed and Y-balance test. <b>Results:</b> The GSQ group included 37 participants, while the PSQ group comprised 48 participants. After controlling for confounds (including gender, age, disability, anxiety, depression, and fear avoidance beliefs), participants with PSQ displayed significantly poorer performance in the one-leg stance with eyes closed and lower normalized posteromedial, posterolateral, and composite scores of the Y-balance test compared with participants with GSQ. Additionally, sleep quality accounted for 16.9%-24.9% of the variance in balance control, while age explained an additional 5.2%-13.2% of the variance. Additionally, higher levels of physical disability and anxiety were associated with poorer balance control. <b>Conclusions:</b> Individuals with concurrent CLBP and PSQ exhibit significantly worse balance control than those with CLBP alone. Future studies should investigate whether improving sleep quality, physical disability, and anxiety can enhance balance in individuals with CLBP.</p>","PeriodicalId":19913,"journal":{"name":"Pain Research & Management","volume":"2025 ","pages":"5224748"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}