Pain and Therapy最新文献

{"title":"Current and Novel Therapies for Cluster Headache: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Bruna de Freitas Dias, Christopher L Robinson, Maria Dolores Villar-Martinez, Sait Ashina, Peter J Goadsby","doi":"10.1007/s40122-024-00674-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40122-024-00674-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cluster headache (CH) is an excruciating and debilitating primary headache disorder. The prevalence is up to 1.3%, and the typical onset is around age 30. Often misdiagnosed as migraine, particularly in children, the diagnosis rate of CH has been increasing among women. CH is characterized by intense unilateral pain and autonomic symptoms, significantly impacting patients' quality of life, mental health, and productivity.Genetic associations suggest a familial risk for developing CH, with lifestyle factors also potentially playing a role. The pathophysiology involves alterations in both central and peripheral nervous system, with the hypothalamus, trigeminocervical complex, and neuropeptides such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) being implicated.Nonpharmacological treatments focus on patient education and lifestyle modifications, while pharmacological treatments include acute therapies such as oxygen and subcutaneous or nasal sumatriptan, as well as preventive therapies like verapamil, lithium, and CGRP monoclonal antibodies. Transitional options include oral corticosteroids and greater occipital nerve injections. Emerging interventional procedures offer new avenues for managing refractory cases. Noninvasive vagal nerve stimulation and occipital nerve stimulation show promise for both acute and preventive treatment. Careful consideration of safety profiles is crucial in specific populations such as pregnant patients and children.Current treatments still leave patients highly burdened by limited efficacy and side effects. Future research continues to explore novel pharmacological targets, interventional procedures, and the potential role of psychedelics in CH management. Comprehensive, multifaceted treatment strategies are essential to improve the daily functioning and quality of life for individuals with CH.</p>","PeriodicalId":19908,"journal":{"name":"Pain and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Early Diagnosis of Herpes Zoster Neuralgia: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Han-Rui Fan, En-Ming Zhang, Yong Fei, Bing Huang, Ming Yao","doi":"10.1007/s40122-024-00636-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40122-024-00636-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19908,"journal":{"name":"Pain and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1323"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11393221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141767034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor Regarding \"Comparison of Thoracoscopy-Guided Thoracic Paravertebral Block and Ultrasound-Guided Thoracic Paravertebral Block in Postoperative Analgesia of Thoracoscopic Lung Cancer Radical Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial\".","authors":"Dan-Feng Wang, Fu-Shan Xue, Dao-Yi Lin","doi":"10.1007/s40122-024-00637-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40122-024-00637-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19908,"journal":{"name":"Pain and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1315-1317"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11393269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Application of Different Doses of Hydromorphone Slow-Release Analgesia in Lumbar Fusion in Elderly Patients.","authors":"Xianwei Jin, Ruiming Deng, Qiaoling Weng, Qiao Yang, Weibo Zhong","doi":"10.1007/s40122-024-00632-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40122-024-00632-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study is to examine the analgesic efficacy of varying doses of hydromorphone hydrochloride in conjunction with absorbable gelatin sponge for postoperative pain management in elderly individuals undergoing lumbar fusion surgery. Additionally, the study aims to assess the sustained release analgesic properties of this combination and to determine the optimal dosage of hydromorphone hydrochloride for effective pain relief.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 113 elderly patients (aged ≥ 65 years old) meeting the criteria for 1-2-level posterior lumbar fusion surgery at Ganzhou City People's Hospital between July 2022 and August 2023 were randomly assigned to four groups: group A (0.2 mg hydromorphone hydrochloride 1 ml), group B (0.3 mg hydromorphone hydrochloride 1.5 ml), group C (0.4 mg hydromorphone hydrochloride 2 ml), and group D (0.9% normal saline 2 ml) for standard anesthesia induction and maintenance. Prior to suturing the incision, gelfoam was utilized to administer epidural analgesia to each group. Following the surgical procedure, an intravenous analgesia pump was utilized for pain management. The baseline infusion rate was set at 0.5 ml/h. Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) was administered at a dose of 2 ml, with a lockout interval of 20 min, allowing the patient to self-administer as needed. Pain relief was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) prior to surgery, as well as at 1 day and 3 days post-operation. The frequency of PCA requests within the initial 48-h postoperative period, the remedial analgesia with dezocine, postoperative adverse reactions, and duration of hospitalization were documented for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The VAS scores of groups B and C were found to be significantly lower than those of group D 1 day after the operation. Additionally, VAS scores at 3 days post-operation, remedial rate of dezocine and PCA follow-up times at 48 h in groups A, B, and C were significantly lower compared to group D (P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between group B and group C in VAS scores at 1 day and 3 days post-operation, as well as PCA follow-up times at 48 h post-operation (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the VAS scores of groups B and C were lower than those of group A at 1 day and 3 days post-operation (P < 0.05). The PCA frequency of group C was also lower than that of group A at 48 h post-operation (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of hydromorphone hydrochloride and absorbable gelatin sponge epidural analgesia has been shown to enhance postoperative pain management. A dosage of 0.4 mg of hydromorphone hydrochloride may be considered an appropriate analgesic dose, as it can provide effective pain relief without eliciting adverse reactions.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ChiCTR.org.cn(ChiCTR2200064863). Registered on October 20, 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":19908,"journal":{"name":"Pain and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1219-1233"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11393238/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Retrospective Analysis of Disease Epidemiology, Comorbidity Burden, Treatment Patterns, and Healthcare Resource Utilization of Migraine in the United Arab Emirates.","authors":"Alessandro Terruzzi, Abubaker AlMadani, Suhail Al-Rukn, Mohamed Farghaly, Sara A Dallal, Mostafa Zayed, Nora Vainstein, Mohamed Fathy, Anup Uboweja, Ashok Natarajan, Kumaresan Subramanyam, Badrinath C Ramachandrachar, Ali Aljabban","doi":"10.1007/s40122-024-00634-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40122-024-00634-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Migraine is a recurrent, disabling neurological disorder with a substantial global disease burden. However, limited real-world data are available on the patient characteristics, treatment patterns, comorbidities, and economic burden of migraine in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). In this study, we evaluated the disease burden, comorbidities, treatment patterns, specialties involved in migraine diagnosis, and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) and associated costs in patients with migraine in Dubai, UAE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective, secondary database cohort study was conducted from 01 January 2014 to 31 March 2022 using the Dubai Real-World Database. Patients aged ≥ 18 years with at least one diagnosis claim for migraine with continuous enrollment during the study period were included. Patients were stratified into treatment sub-cohorts. Outcomes were evaluated in terms of clinical characteristics, comorbidities, specialists visited, treatment patterns, and HCRU.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 203,222 patients (mean age: 40 years), with male predominance (55.4%). About 13.4% of patients had specific cardiovascular comorbidities. Frequently prescribed drug classes were nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (84.4%), triptans (29.8%), and beta-blockers (12.8%), while only 1.0% of patients with migraine were prescribed newer medications like calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonists. General medicine was the most frequently visited specialty on the index date (51.5%). The all-cause and migraine-specific median gross costs during the 12-month post-index period were US $1252.6 (2.4-564,740.7) and US $198.1 (0-168,903.3) respectively, with maximum contribution from inpatients. The contribution of migraine-specific median costs to all-cause median costs was highest for the diagnosis-related group (64.9%), followed by consumables (35.2%), medications (32.0%), procedures (24.5%), and services (24.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Migraine significantly impacts healthcare costs in the UAE. The role of newer therapies in migraine management should be explored to reduce the associated socioeconomic burden and improve patients' quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":19908,"journal":{"name":"Pain and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1235-1255"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11393247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141727655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Abdominal Aortic Calcification and Clinical Outcomes in LDH Patients Treated with Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy.","authors":"Ying Zhang, Zhaoji Zhu, Xiaohong Jin, Peng Huang","doi":"10.1007/s40122-024-00633-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40122-024-00633-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To determine any significant associations between abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) and clinical manifestations of pain symptoms following endoscopic lumbar discectomy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients sequentially presenting with a history of unilateral radiculopathy with or without back pain, and with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-confirmed diagnosis of posterolateral disc herniation between August 2021 and December 2023 were eligible for inclusion in the study. All patients underwent endoscopic discectomy at our center during the study period. AAC stages were classified based on the Kauppila classification system using lateral lumbar radiographs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between August 2021 and December 2023 a total of 120 patients were included in the study for analysis, of whom 82 (68.3%) exhibited mild AAC and 38 (31.7%) had moderate-severe AAC. Analyses using the multivariate linear regression model revealed a significant correlation between AAC comorbidity and postoperative clinical outcomes. At 1 year post-surgery, the mean change in leg pain following endoscopic lumbar discectomy was significantly less for patients with moderate-severe AAC (5.0 points) than for patients with mild ACC (p < 0.001). Even after adjusting for relevant confounders, this difference remained significant. Similar results were also observed in the postoperative improvement of back pain, the Oswestry Disability Index score, and the physical functioning, role physical, and bodily pain components of the 36-item Short Form Health Survey questionnaire. There was no significant difference in the rate of repeat surgery or post-surgical new-onset back pain between patients with different levels of severity of AAC at 1 year post-surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a significant association between the severity of AAC and clinical outcomes among patients with lumbar disk herniation who underwent endoscopic lumbar discectomy. AAC may serve as a prognostic factor in predicting surgical outcomes and guiding management strategies for patients with lumbar disk herniation following endoscopic lumbar discectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19908,"journal":{"name":"Pain and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1257-1269"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11393253/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141724134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential Cost Savings with 60-day Peripheral Nerve Stimulation Treatment in Chronic Axial Low Back Pain.","authors":"Samir J Sheth, William D Mauck, David P Russo, Eric L Keuffel, Candace L Gunnarsson, Mark Stultz, Meredith J McGee, Marc A Huntoon","doi":"10.1007/s40122-024-00630-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40122-024-00630-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic axial low back pain (CLBP) that is not responsive to medication management or physical therapy often requires significant clinical intervention. Several interventional pain management options exist, including a 60-day peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) treatment. This economic evaluation investigated the potential for projected cost savings associated with prioritizing 60-day PNS treatment relative to a 'standard of care' (SOC) approach (where patients do not have access to 60-day PNS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A decision tree (supervised machine learning) model tracked treatment progression across two hypothetical cohorts of US patients with CLBP in whom non-interventional options were ineffective (Cohort A: treatment starting with 60-day PNS followed by any additional interventional and surgical treatments versus Cohort B: standard of care interventional and surgical treatments without access to 60-day PNS). Treatment efficacy estimates were based on published success rates. Conditional on treatment failure, up to two additional interventions were considered within the 12-month time frame in both cohorts. SOC treatment options included epidural injection, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), basivertebral nerve ablation (BVNA), PNS permanent implant (PNS-PI), spinal cord stimulator (SCS) trial/implant, and spinal fusion surgery. Treatment choice probabilities in both cohort algorithms were based on clinician interviews. Costs were based on national Medicare reimbursement levels in the ambulatory surgery center (ASC) setting. Savings reflected the difference in projected costs between cohorts. A Monte Carlo simulation and sensitivity analyses were conducted to generate confidence intervals and identify important inputs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The treatment algorithm which prioritized initial 60-day PNS treatment was projected to save $8056 (95% CI $6112-$9981) per patient during the first year of interventional treatment relative to the SOC approach.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Use of the 60-day PNS treatment as an initial interventional treatment in patients with CLBP may result in significant savings for Medicare. Projected savings may be even larger for commercial payers covering non-Medicare patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19908,"journal":{"name":"Pain and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1187-1202"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11393265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141559464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Response to: Letter to the Editor Regarding \"Comparison of Thoracoscopy-Guided Thoracic Paravertebral Block and Ultrasound-Guided Thoracic Paravertebral Block in Postoperative Analgesia of Thoracoscopic Lung Cancer Radical Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial\".","authors":"Xia Xu, Ying-Xin Xie, Meng Zhang, Jian-Hui Du, Jin-Xian He, Li-Hong Hu","doi":"10.1007/s40122-024-00638-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40122-024-00638-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19908,"journal":{"name":"Pain and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1319-1321"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11393362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141627318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Kinesio Taping on Neck Pain: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Qian Hu, Ying Liu, Shao Yin, Hui Zou, Houyin Shi, Fengya Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s40122-024-00635-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40122-024-00635-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neck pain constitutes a prevalent and burdensome health issue, substantially impairing patients' quality of life and functional capabilities. Kinesio taping (KT), a commonly employed intervention within physical therapy, holds promise for mitigating such symptoms; however, a comprehensive evaluation of its efficacy and evidence base is lacking. Therefore, this study endeavors to systematically investigate the therapeutic effects of KT on both subjective neck pain intensity and objective measures of physical activity limitations through a rigorous meta-analytic approach. By synthesizing existing literature and scrutinizing methodological nuances, we aim to furnish healthcare practitioners with evidence-informed insights, facilitating more judicious clinical decision-making and optimizing patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>According to the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted searches on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of KT in treating neck pain. Screening was performed based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Characteristics of the included RCTs were extracted. Trial heterogeneity was assessed using the I² statistic. Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 17 software. Risk of bias and methodological quality were evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool and the PEDro scale, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our analysis of 10 RCTs involving 620 patients meeting our inclusion criteria, KT demonstrated significant beneficial effects on neck pain, notably surpassing conventional treatment (weighted mean difference = -0.897, 95% CI -1.30 to -0.49, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis further revealed that KT exhibited particularly pronounced efficacy in the treatment of nonspecific neck pain and mechanical neck pain, with a more substantial effect observed after 4 weeks of KT intervention compared to 1 week. Moreover, KT demonstrated superior efficacy in alleviating pain symptoms compared to both conventional treatment and sham interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>KT has demonstrated efficacy in reducing neck pain and improving cervical dysfunction among patients. Prolonged KT treatment or its combination with other therapeutic modalities may potentially enhance therapeutic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO CRD42024524685.</p>","PeriodicalId":19908,"journal":{"name":"Pain and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1031-1046"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11393280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141748854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying and Evaluating Biological Markers of Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Yunze Li, Jiali Jin, Xianhui Kang, Zhiying Feng","doi":"10.1007/s40122-024-00640-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40122-024-00640-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) manifests as persistent chronic pain that emerges after a herpes zoster outbreak and greatly diminishes quality of life. Unfortunately, its treatment efficacy has remained elusive, with many therapeutic efforts yielding less than satisfactory results. The research to discern risk factors predicting the onset, trajectory, and prognosis of PHN has been extensive. However, these risk factors often present as nonspecific and diverse, indicating the need for more reliable, measurable, and objective detection methods. The exploration of potential biological markers, including hematological indices, pathological insights, and supportive tests, is increasing. This review highlights potential biomarkers that are instrumental for the diagnosis, management, and prognosis of PHN while also delving deeper into its genesis. Drawing from prior research, aspects such as immune responsiveness, neuronal injury, genetic makeup, cellular metabolism, and pain signal modulation have emerged as prospective biomarkers. The immune spectrum spans various cell subtypes, with an emphasis on T cells, interferons, interleukins, and other related cytokines. Studies on nerve injury are directed toward pain-related proteins and the density and health of epidermal nerve fibers. On the genetic and metabolic fronts, the focus lies in the detection of predisposition genes, atypical protein manifestations, and energy-processing dynamics, with a keen interest in vitamin metabolism. Tools such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, electromyography, and infrared imaging have come to the forefront in the pain signaling domain. This review compiles the evidence, potential clinical implications, and challenges associated with these promising biomarkers, paving the way for innovative strategies for predicting, diagnosing, and addressing PHN.</p>","PeriodicalId":19908,"journal":{"name":"Pain and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1095-1117"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11393369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}