Aylin Bilir, Lorenz Kapral, Andrea Michalek-Sauberer, Razvan Bologheanu, Felix Gruber, Oliver Kimberger
{"title":"奥地利阿片类药物和非阿片类药物处方趋势（2016-2021）：一项关于苯二氮卓类药物使用和伴随使用的全国性研究。","authors":"Aylin Bilir, Lorenz Kapral, Andrea Michalek-Sauberer, Razvan Bologheanu, Felix Gruber, Oliver Kimberger","doi":"10.1007/s40122-025-00736-4","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although global opioid consumption is decreasing, high-income populations are experiencing an increase. Data on specific opioid-prescribed and at-risk patient groups in Austria are lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective observational population-based study analysing health insurance data between January 2016 and December 2021. The dataset included demographic information; hospital data, including coded primary and secondary discharge diagnoses; and prescription data for all legally available opioids and nonopioid analgesics. The primary objective was to describe trends in opioid and nonopioid analgesic prescriptions. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify potential risk factors for receiving an opioid prescription.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study cohort included 7,274,651 individuals. During the observation period, the percentage of individuals receiving an opioid prescription decreased by 14.69% (4.22-3.60%). The number of individuals receiving an opioid prescription was consistently greatest for tramadol. A particularly strong positive correlation was observed between opioid prescriptions and the concurrent use of benzodiazepines (odds ratio [OR], 1.45 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.43-1.47]). Furthermore, a history of persistent somatoform pain disorder (OR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.21-1.36]) and a diagnosis of pain disorder (OR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.25-1.28]) were identified as significant risk factors. In 2021, general practitioners were the predominant initial opioid prescribers, issuing 82.17% of the prescriptions, followed by hospital staff and orthopaedic specialists.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prescription opioid use decreased from 2016 to 2021, with tramadol representing the most prevalent opioid. The study revealed a strong link between opioid and benzodiazepine prescriptions and an association with persistent somatoform pain disorder, where opioid use is typically not recommended. Interactive map available for this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":19908,"journal":{"name":"Pain and Therapy","volume":" ","pages":"1131-1145"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12085738/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Trends in Opioid and Non-opioid Prescriptions in Austria (2016-2021): A Nationwide Study on Utilization and Concomitant Benzodiazepine Use.\",\"authors\":\"Aylin Bilir, Lorenz Kapral, Andrea Michalek-Sauberer, Razvan Bologheanu, Felix Gruber, Oliver Kimberger\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s40122-025-00736-4\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although global opioid consumption is decreasing, high-income populations are experiencing an increase. Data on specific opioid-prescribed and at-risk patient groups in Austria are lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a retrospective observational population-based study analysing health insurance data between January 2016 and December 2021. The dataset included demographic information; hospital data, including coded primary and secondary discharge diagnoses; and prescription data for all legally available opioids and nonopioid analgesics. The primary objective was to describe trends in opioid and nonopioid analgesic prescriptions. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify potential risk factors for receiving an opioid prescription.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study cohort included 7,274,651 individuals. During the observation period, the percentage of individuals receiving an opioid prescription decreased by 14.69% (4.22-3.60%). The number of individuals receiving an opioid prescription was consistently greatest for tramadol. A particularly strong positive correlation was observed between opioid prescriptions and the concurrent use of benzodiazepines (odds ratio [OR], 1.45 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.43-1.47]). Furthermore, a history of persistent somatoform pain disorder (OR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.21-1.36]) and a diagnosis of pain disorder (OR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.25-1.28]) were identified as significant risk factors. In 2021, general practitioners were the predominant initial opioid prescribers, issuing 82.17% of the prescriptions, followed by hospital staff and orthopaedic specialists.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Prescription opioid use decreased from 2016 to 2021, with tramadol representing the most prevalent opioid. The study revealed a strong link between opioid and benzodiazepine prescriptions and an association with persistent somatoform pain disorder, where opioid use is typically not recommended. 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Trends in Opioid and Non-opioid Prescriptions in Austria (2016-2021): A Nationwide Study on Utilization and Concomitant Benzodiazepine Use.
Introduction: Although global opioid consumption is decreasing, high-income populations are experiencing an increase. Data on specific opioid-prescribed and at-risk patient groups in Austria are lacking.
Methods: We performed a retrospective observational population-based study analysing health insurance data between January 2016 and December 2021. The dataset included demographic information; hospital data, including coded primary and secondary discharge diagnoses; and prescription data for all legally available opioids and nonopioid analgesics. The primary objective was to describe trends in opioid and nonopioid analgesic prescriptions. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify potential risk factors for receiving an opioid prescription.
Results: The study cohort included 7,274,651 individuals. During the observation period, the percentage of individuals receiving an opioid prescription decreased by 14.69% (4.22-3.60%). The number of individuals receiving an opioid prescription was consistently greatest for tramadol. A particularly strong positive correlation was observed between opioid prescriptions and the concurrent use of benzodiazepines (odds ratio [OR], 1.45 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.43-1.47]). Furthermore, a history of persistent somatoform pain disorder (OR, 1.28 [95% CI, 1.21-1.36]) and a diagnosis of pain disorder (OR, 1.26 [95% CI, 1.25-1.28]) were identified as significant risk factors. In 2021, general practitioners were the predominant initial opioid prescribers, issuing 82.17% of the prescriptions, followed by hospital staff and orthopaedic specialists.
Conclusion: Prescription opioid use decreased from 2016 to 2021, with tramadol representing the most prevalent opioid. The study revealed a strong link between opioid and benzodiazepine prescriptions and an association with persistent somatoform pain disorder, where opioid use is typically not recommended. Interactive map available for this article.
期刊介绍：
Pain and Therapy is an international, open access, peer-reviewed, rapid publication journal dedicated to the publication of high-quality clinical (all phases), observational, real-world, and health outcomes research around the discovery, development, and use of pain therapies and pain-related devices. Studies relating to diagnosis, pharmacoeconomics, public health, quality of life, and patient care, management, and education are also encouraged.
Areas of focus include, but are not limited to, acute pain, cancer pain, chronic pain, headache and migraine, neuropathic pain, opioids, palliative care and pain ethics, peri- and post-operative pain as well as rheumatic pain and fibromyalgia.
The journal is of interest to a broad audience of pharmaceutical and healthcare professionals and publishes original research, reviews, case reports, trial protocols, short communications such as commentaries and editorials, and letters. The journal is read by a global audience and receives submissions from around the world. Pain and Therapy will consider all scientifically sound research be it positive, confirmatory or negative data. Submissions are welcomed whether they relate to an international and/or a country-specific audience, something that is crucially important when researchers are trying to target more specific patient populations. This inclusive approach allows the journal to assist in the dissemination of all scientifically and ethically sound research.
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