Parkinson's Disease最新文献

{"title":"Acupuncture-Related Therapies as a Potential Adjuvant Option for Parkinson's Disease: Effects on Symptom Management, Medication Use, and Mortality.","authors":"Ye-Seul Lee, Han-Gyul Lee, Hi-Joon Park, Seungwon Kwon, Bo-Hyoung Jang","doi":"10.1155/padi/5512318","DOIUrl":"10.1155/padi/5512318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is increasing demand for an effective adjuvant therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD) patients to minimize side effects and improve quality of life, due to unmet needs not fully addressed by conventional treatments.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To examine the long-term effects of adjuvant acupuncture-related therapies on medication use and mortality in patients with PD using the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database in Korea.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>NHIS records from 2010 to 2011 were searched to extract the study population. The medical records of patients with PD were followed from the initial diagnosis to August 2018. Propensity score matching was performed using covariates, including age group, sex, and duration of levodopa therapy. Odds ratios (ORs) of levodopa therapy and nonmotor symptom medication use were examined. Cox proportional hazards modeling and Kaplan-Meier analysis were performed to determine differences between acupuncture-related therapy users (ACU group) and nonusers (non-ACU group).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ACU group (<i>n</i> = 23,454) used less levodopa therapy compared to non-ACU group (<i>n</i> = 23,454) but showed higher use of nonmotor symptom medications including those for sleep disorders, anxiety, and depression. In the Cox proportional hazards model, the ACU group was associated with a slightly lower long-term risk of all-cause mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Acupuncture-related therapies-defined here as one or more treatments delivered at Korean medicine clinics, including acupuncture, electroacupuncture, moxibustion, cupping, and herbal formulations-were more frequently received by patients with nonmotor symptoms. The use of levodopa therapy and all-cause mortality was lower in the ACU group than in the non-ACU group. Given the observational design, heterogeneity of the exposure, and potential residual confounding, these associations should not be interpreted as causal evidence of therapeutic benefit. Prospective, randomized, sham-controlled trials are required to determine whether acupuncture-related therapies confer specific clinical benefit in patients with PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19907,"journal":{"name":"Parkinson's Disease","volume":"2026 ","pages":"5512318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13273529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148278411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Amyloid Formation and Neuroinflammatory Response in a Bigenic Mouse Model Expressing Human α-Synuclein and Aβ.","authors":"Radhika Thakore, Markus Aldén, Nadja Gustavsson, Lukas Danielson, Lívia Lins, Jorge Domínguez Sánchez, Ana Rosenthal Arensburg, Agnes Paulus, Iran Augusto Neves da Silva, Valeriia Skoryk, Rakez Kayed, Gunnar K Gouras, Tomas Deierborg, Andreas Heuer, Sabine C Konings, Oxana Klementieva","doi":"10.1155/padi/7303965","DOIUrl":"10.1155/padi/7303965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protein aggregation is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. A common feature of these disorders is the misfolding and aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) and amyloid-β (Aβ) proteins into amyloid structures, which disrupt cellular homoeostasis and drive disease progression. While Aβ typically forms extracellular deposits and α-syn accumulates in intracellular inclusions, both ultimately contribute to neuronal damage and neurodegeneration. Increasing in vitro evidence suggests that these proteins can interact, altering their structural properties and, in turn, their biological effects; however, the consequences of their co-occurrence in vivo remain unclear. To address this gap, we examined whether α-syn modulates Aβ deposition and associated neuroinflammation at early stages using a physiologically relevant bigenic mouse model coexpressing human α-syn and APP knock-in Aβ. Using combined histological and biochemical analysis, we characterised Aβ load and microglial responses at early time points. Our results indicate that α-syn expression is associated with altered early Aβ deposition and microglial morphology in vivo. Specifically, while early Aβ deposits were detected in both Aβ/α-syn and Aβ-control mice from 2 months of age, at 4 and 6 months, reduced number and size of Aβ microdeposits was observed in the Aβ/α-syn model. The reduction in Aβ load was accompanied by a more ramified microglial morphology consistent with a less activated microglial state. Whether this delayed response reflects protection or impaired immune surveillance remains unclear. Our findings highlight the complexity of indirect Aβ and α-syn interactions and the need for further studies to clarify their functional impact. The newly generated bigenic mice provide a relevant platform to investigate early co-pathology and its role in disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":19907,"journal":{"name":"Parkinson's Disease","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7303965"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13238505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148199742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ICF-Based Assessment of Functioning Problems in Parkinson's Disease: Findings From a Cross-Sectional Survey in Southern Ghana.","authors":"Mary Wetani Agoriwo, Erika Franzén, Marianne Unger, Conran Joseph","doi":"10.1155/padi/4054078","DOIUrl":"10.1155/padi/4054078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Most assessment tools may not be comprehensive enough to measure all relevant problems associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) and may focus only on activity. While specific performance-based outcome assessments are crucial for intervention design, it is important to establish the epidemiology of functioning problems, to understand the broad range of disability associated with a disease.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to describe the prevalence and nature of functional problems and the contextual factors experienced by persons with PD (PwPD) using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework. The distribution of substantial functioning problems across selected demographic and clinical variables was also assessed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among PwPD attending one primary and two tertiary hospitals in southern Ghana. The ICF Checklist (Clinician Form) was adapted to record impairments, activity limitations, participation restrictions, and environmental facilitators and barriers. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed, with significance set at <i>p</i> < 0.001 for multiple comparisons using the Hochberg correction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 75 PwPD (61.3% male) with a mean (SD) age of 66.8 (9.6) years. The most frequently reported issues were impairments in body functions and participation restrictions, with the top 10 problems reported by 68%-91% and 67%-88% of participants, respectively. Participants reported more facilitators, while challenges with general social support were the most frequently reported barrier among 60% of participants. Women and individuals with advanced PD were significantly more likely (<i>p</i> < 0.001) to report substantial functioning problems.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights critical functioning problems faced by PwPD in a resource-limited setting and underscores the value of using the ICF framework in rehabilitation assessment and planning. The findings may inform gender- and disease-stage-sensitive interventions for PwPD across diverse healthcare contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":19907,"journal":{"name":"Parkinson's Disease","volume":"2026 ","pages":"4054078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13240471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148199693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Gene Signatures and Molecular Mechanisms for Diagnosing Parkinson's Disease and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Using Machine Learning.","authors":"Xuan Chen, Yulin Wu, Yonglai Zhang, Yuli Hou","doi":"10.1155/padi/8731032","DOIUrl":"10.1155/padi/8731032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease, whereas nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common metabolic liver disorder. Growing evidence suggests that NAFLD may affect the central nervous system through the liver-brain axis, potentially contributing to PD, although the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs), transcriptomic data for NAFLD and PD were sourced from the GEO database. Key common candidate genes were screened using protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks, machine learning approaches (LASSO, neural networks, and random forest), and functional enrichment analyses, including GO, KEGG, GSEA, and GSVA. Immune infiltration, TF-miRNA regulatory networks, and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses were applied to investigate gene function, immune regulation, and cellular distribution. Candidate drugs were predicted using bioinformatic approaches and validated through molecular docking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CASP1, CCNA2, and INHBE were identified as three core common candidate genes that may be associated with NAFLD and PD. Involvement of these genes includes inflammatory responses, regulation of the cell cycle, metabolic pathways, and immune microenvironment remodeling. The analysis of the TF-miRNA network suggested possible regulation by transcription factors CEBPB, BRD4, FOS, and miRNAs such as hsa-miR-29b-1-5p and hsa-miR-128-3p. Drug prediction and molecular docking identified ethinyl estradiol, mesalamine, and seliciclib as candidate therapeutics, showing strong binding affinity to the core targets.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study offers a comprehensive elucidation of the molecular ties between NAFLD and PD. The identified core genes and candidate drugs offer theoretical support for potential candidate biomarkers and therapeutic targets in comorbid NAFLD and PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19907,"journal":{"name":"Parkinson's Disease","volume":"2026 ","pages":"8731032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13202728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148043262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Multiple Intravenous Infusions of Autologous Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Parkinson's Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial.","authors":"Ridhima Vij, Hosu Kim, Hyeonggeun Park, Djamchid Lotfi, Thanh Cheng, Donna Chang","doi":"10.1155/padi/9934417","DOIUrl":"10.1155/padi/9934417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The purpose of this trial was to evaluate preliminary efficacy and safety of multiple intravenous infusions of autologous, Hope Biosciences adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (HB-adMSCs) for the treatment of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of <i>N</i> = 24 patients with PD were randomized 5:3 into HB-adMSC (200 million) or Placebo. Six intravenous infusions of HB-adMSCs or saline were administered at Weeks 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 32 with a follow-up at Week 42 and the end of study (EOS) at Week 52. The primary efficacy endpoint was to investigate change from baseline to Week 52 in Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) Part II. Primary safety endpoints included the incidence of adverse and serious adverse events (AE/SAEs) and clinically significant changes in laboratory assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HB-adMSC treatment was well tolerated and safe, with only one SAE reported, which was deemed unrelated to the investigational product. In total, 81 AEs were recorded, 79 of which were mild, one moderate, and one severe. Neurological disorders were the most commonly reported AEs, with a higher incidence in the placebo group (66.7%) compared with the HB-adMSC group (46.7%). No deaths occurred, and no clinically meaningful changes were observed in laboratory parameters from baseline to the EOS for either group. Efficacy analyses revealed no clear treatment effect in MDS-UPDRS II scores between the HB-adMSC and Placebo groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multiple intravenous infusions of autologous HB-adMSCs were found to be safe and feasible in the patients with PD. Efficacy outcomes should be interpreted with caution, as this small, early-phase study was not designed or powered to demonstrate definitive efficacy. <b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04928287.</p>","PeriodicalId":19907,"journal":{"name":"Parkinson's Disease","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9934417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13168863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147942448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum GDF-15 Levels Correlate With Motor and Nonmotor Symptom Domains and Overall Disease Severity in Patients With Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Noriyuki Miyaue, Hayato Yabe, Mina Yasugi, Masahiro Nagai","doi":"10.1155/padi/9949931","DOIUrl":"10.1155/padi/9949931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) has emerged as a potential biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases. Although elevated serum GDF-15 levels have been reported in Parkinson's disease (PD), their association with clinical features has not been fully characterized.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We evaluated serum GDF-15 concentrations in 40 patients with PD and analyzed their relationships with clinical measures, including motor severity (MDS-UPDRS), quality of life (PDQ-39), sleep disturbances (PDSS-2), autonomic symptoms (SCOPA-AUT), and cognitive function (MoCA-J).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher serum GDF-15 levels were associated with older age and greater symptom burden across multiple domains. Significant relationships were observed with MDS-UPDRS Parts I-III and total scores, PDQ-39 summary index and bodily discomfort index, two different PDSS-2 domains (motor symptoms at night and PD symptoms at night), and SCOPA-AUT total and gastrointestinal dysfunction scores. After adjusting for age, the associations between serum GDF-15 levels and MDS-UPDRS Part II, Part III, and total scores remained significant. No sex-related differences were detected. A trend toward lower MoCA-J scores with increasing GDF-15 levels was observed but did not reach statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum GDF-15 levels are linked to both motor and nonmotor aspects of PD and may reflect overall disease burden. Further longitudinal studies are needed to determine their value for disease monitoring and prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19907,"journal":{"name":"Parkinson's Disease","volume":"2026 ","pages":"9949931"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147819167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensor-Based Assessment of Asymmetry in Upper Limb Bradykinesia Among Patients With Parkinson's Disease and Scans Without Evidence of Dopaminergic Deficit (SWEDD).","authors":"Do Young Kwon, Junghyuk Ko, Yuri Kwon, Ji-Won Kim","doi":"10.1155/padi/6400390","DOIUrl":"10.1155/padi/6400390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bilateral motor asymmetry is a hallmark feature of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, few studies have quantitatively examined this feature in patients with scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD). This study aimed to investigate upper limb asymmetry in bradykinesia among PD and SWEDD patients using gyro sensors, focusing on finger tapping and forearm rotation task.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited 23 early-stage, drug-naïve PD patients, 23 SWEDD patients, and 20 age-matched healthy controls. We recorded gyro sensor signals during 15-s finger tapping and forearm rotation tasks. Bilateral asymmetry indices were calculated and compared among groups. In addition, repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to examine the interaction of task and group, and Spearman correlation analysis was conducted with clinical motor scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant group differences were found during finger tapping. However, during forearm rotation, PD patients exhibited significantly greater asymmetry than SWEDD patients in several indices, including RMS angular velocity, peak angular displacement, peak power, and total power. Task × group interaction effects were significant only in forearm rotation, and asymmetry indices from forearm rotation showed significant correlations with clinical motor scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Forearm rotation is a sensitive task for detecting motor asymmetry in PD and for differentiating PD from SWEDD. These results suggest that quantitative motor asymmetry indices using wearable sensors could aid clinicians in the identification of potential SWEDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19907,"journal":{"name":"Parkinson's Disease","volume":"2026 ","pages":"6400390"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13042346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147609554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards a Biologically Defined Diagnosis: Incorporating Pathophysiological Measures Into Parkinson's Disease Clinical Criteria.","authors":"Angus McNamara, Laura M Carr, Irina Baetu, Mark Jenkinson, Lyndsey Collins-Praino","doi":"10.1155/padi/2703114","DOIUrl":"10.1155/padi/2703114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, as well as being the fastest-growing neurological disorder. Furthermore, PD corresponds to a significant burden on those diagnosed, their caregivers and healthcare systems, highlighting the critical need for early and accurate diagnosis. Effective diagnosis is essential not only for timely intervention but also for the development of disease-modifying treatments, which are currently unavailable for PD management. Historically, PD diagnosis and characterisation was heavily reliant on clinical presentation, which are only present after significant neurodegeneration has already occurred. Because of this, there is a consensus amongst the scientific community to transition away from clinical features and instead redefine PD diagnosis and staging based on biological presentation. This review discusses historical developments in clinical diagnostic criteria for PD as well as the role the recently developed frameworks such as SynNeurGe and the Neuronal alpha-Synuclein Disease-Integrated Staging System (NSD-ISS) will play in the further advancements of diagnostic practices. Furthermore, substantial research efforts into the pathobiology of PD have led to the development of novel in vivo assessments capable of detecting critical biomarkers of PD. Specialised imaging modalities, particularly nuclear imaging and magnetic resonance imaging, and biomarkers of α-synuclein pathology demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity for not only early diagnosis but also differential diagnosis between other parkinsonisms. Beyond diagnostic reforms, it is also important to identify markers that could serve as indicators of clinical course to aid in tailoring personalised treatment strategies. Therefore, this review also summarises key pathobiological hallmarks of PD beyond α-synuclein pathology, namely, dopaminergic denervation, copathologies and underlying indicators of neurodegeneration, such as iron deposition and neuroinflammation. Furthermore, strategies to assess such pathologies and their potential utility in the current paradigm shift towards biological characterisation are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19907,"journal":{"name":"Parkinson's Disease","volume":"2026 ","pages":"2703114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12934250/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147308981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes Following Constipation Treatments Between Parkinson's Disease and Non-Parkinson's Disease Patients Evaluated by the Constipation Scoring System.","authors":"Kulthida Methawasin, Atip Krittayasingh, Kitsarawut Khuancharee, Piyanant Chonmaitree, Monton Wongwandee","doi":"10.1155/padi/1105437","DOIUrl":"10.1155/padi/1105437","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The Constipation Scoring System (CSS) is a validated tool for assessing constipation severity and has been previously applied in Parkinson's disease (PD) populations. However, comparative data on post-treatment CSS outcomes between individuals with and without PD remain lacking. This study aimed to compare post-treatment constipation severity between PD and non-PD patients in real-world clinical settings, with particular focus on neurology and gastroenterology outpatient clinics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective chart review included 67 patients with PD from a neurology clinic and 50 non-PD patients with constipation from a gastroenterology clinic. Baseline characteristics were retrieved from electronic medical records. Follow-up assessments were conducted through direct or telephone interviews to evaluate constipation severity using the CSS. Additional data were collected on patients' self-reported intake of water, coffee, carbohydrates, and fiber, as well as exercise habits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-treatment CSS scores did not differ significantly between groups (PD: 6.07 ± 3.57 vs. non-PD: 5.24 ± 2.84; <i>p</i> = 0.172), with most participants classified as having mild constipation. No significant differences were observed in daily water, coffee, or fiber intake, or in exercise habits. However, non-PD patients reported significantly higher carbohydrate intake compared to PD patients (<i>p</i> = 0.003). PD patients more frequently reported long-standing constipation symptoms (≥ 6 years) than non-PD patients (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Patterns of laxative use also differed: while sennosides were most commonly used in both groups, non-PD patients more frequently used lactulose and mucilin, whereas PD patients more commonly used Unison enemas (<i>p</i> = 0.020) and milk of magnesia (<i>p</i> = 0.070).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although constipation severity and treatment outcomes were comparable between PD and non-PD patients, PD patients more often experienced long-standing symptoms and demonstrated distinct patterns of laxative use. Prospective studies are warranted to evaluate standardized treatment protocols to better clarify treatment outcomes and inform clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19907,"journal":{"name":"Parkinson's Disease","volume":"2026 ","pages":"1105437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12927904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147284753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of a Digital Social Forum in a Parkinson's Disease Risk Cohort: A Thematic Analysis of Forum Messages.","authors":"Laura J Smith, Janusiya Jeyaganesh, Xiancheng Li, Aneet Gill, Anette Schrag, Brook Huxford, Cristina Simonet, Laura Pérez-Carbonell, Alastair J Noyce, Anna De Simoni","doi":"10.1155/padi/7537110","DOIUrl":"10.1155/padi/7537110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Reduced social engagement is associated with increased risk of incident Parkinson's disease (PD). Online peer support provides opportunities to develop new social connections. A digital social forum was recently embedded within PREDICT-PD, an online UK cohort study that stratifies participants for risk of future PD, to explore the feasibility of digital social engagement as an intervention to modify PD risk.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study reports on the content of messages exchanged on the forum to better understand how this was used and experienced.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>364 public posts from 218 distinct users were analysed using thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Members created a sense of community through disclosing personal information and reaching out to others. Experiences were shared in relation to symptom appraisal, emotional impacts and routes to diagnosis. Practical advice, resources and information were exchanged to aid symptom management and proactive lifestyle changes. Users discussed their aspirations for timely diagnosis and treatment within healthcare, further research funding to aid prevention and treatment, and greater awareness of PD within society. Technical issues with the forum were reported, and accessibility was viewed as a potential barrier.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The online forum provided a peer support environment for people with similar health experiences to connect, exchange information and emotional support, and engage in discussions around political and social issues unique to PD. This highlights the potential of leveraging online peer support to promote social engagement in prodromal PD. Further research is needed to examine the effect on PD risk and develop accessible technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19907,"journal":{"name":"Parkinson's Disease","volume":"2026 ","pages":"7537110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12903991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146202480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}