Performance enhancement and health最新文献_第3页

"There are a lot of vulnerabilities still left": Governance Issues in Virtual Sports “仍然存在许多漏洞”：虚拟体育中的管理问题

IF 3.7

Performance enhancement and health Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100360

Thibault Fouquaert , Anne Tjønndal , Annick Willem

{"title":"\"There are a lot of vulnerabilities still left\": Governance Issues in Virtual Sports","authors":"Thibault Fouquaert , Anne Tjønndal , Annick Willem","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>International sport governing bodies are investing considerable time and effort into the development of competitive virtual sports, with two prominent examples being virtual cycling and virtual triathlon. As virtual cycling, triathlon and other virtual sports sit between the intersection of sport and esports, these innovative sporting formats create novel governance dilemmas. Against this backdrop, this study examines the governance issues that stakeholders in virtual sports are currently facing. Methodologically, the study is based on qualitative interviews with representatives from national and international sport governing bodies, elite athletes, journalists and content creators in virtual cycling and virtual triathlon. Central to our findings is the notion that governance issues in virtual sports both mirror and nuance those of esports and sport. The analysis identified four types of governance issues related to (1) doping, (2) platform fragmentation, (3) transparency and (4) commitment and decision-making. In particular, governance issues experienced by stakeholders encompass physical-, cognitive-, software-, and hardware-related manipulation, as well as concerns around the intersection of commercial interests, data privacy, and performance verification. Overall, the unanimous call for stronger commitment of international governing bodies point to a critical gap in proactive governance, social responsibility, and athlete support within the emerging discipline of virtual cycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19886,"journal":{"name":"Performance enhancement and health","volume":"13 4","pages":"Article 100360"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The digital IPED ecosystem as digital materiality 作为数字物质的数字IPED生态系统

IF 3.7

Performance enhancement and health Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100359

April Henning , Jesper Andreasson

{"title":"The digital IPED ecosystem as digital materiality","authors":"April Henning , Jesper Andreasson","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of image and performance-enhancing drugs (IPEDs) has expanded beyond elite athletes and bodybuilding subcultures, largely due to the accessibility of online platforms and social media. This study conceptualizes IPED use as a digital IPED ecosystem (DIE), emphasizing the interconnection between digital environments/life and physical practice/life. By integrating these via digital materiality, we explore how online forums, social media influencers, and e-commerce platforms are mutually constructive of IPED discourse, trade, and use. The research maps two key dimensions of the DIE: 1. the online environment, where IPED information sharing and trade take place; 2. the roles of the resident species, including users, sellers, moderators, influencers, and experts. We then discuss the digital-material entanglements, illustrating how online interactions are intertwined with offline IPED behaviors. We critique limited approaches to understanding IPEDs in the online context limited by sharp distinctions between online/offline and physical/digital, arguing it oversimplifies the complex socio-cultural dynamics at play across domains. We propose a framework based in the ideas of digital materiality that moves beyond this divide to understand the DIE, its environments, and the species that interact with and within them, as both digital and physical.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19886,"journal":{"name":"Performance enhancement and health","volume":"13 4","pages":"Article 100359"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144879079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The state of play: A critical look at the current state of diversity in sport – centering equity and belonging for women in sport 比赛状态：批判性地看待当前体育多样性的状态-以体育运动中的女性平等和归属感为中心

IF 2.9

Performance enhancement and health Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100370

Hannah Bennett

引用次数: 0

Mirror reflections and energy deficits: Exploring the role of body image as a predictor of relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs) 镜子反射和能量不足：探索身体形象作为运动中相对能量不足的预测因子的作用（red）

IF 2.9

Performance enhancement and health Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100364

Josh Williamson

{"title":"Mirror reflections and energy deficits: Exploring the role of body image as a predictor of relative energy deficiency in sport (REDs)","authors":"Josh Williamson","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100364","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100364","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Body image is a powerful psychological construct, shaping how athletes perceive, engage, and endure within their sport. Yet, its critical role in the etiology and perpetuation of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) remains underestimated. Although diagnostic frameworks such as the REDs Clinical Assessment Tool (REDs CAT) identify key behavioural and physiological indicators, body image disturbances, despite their associations with disordered eating, compulsive exercise, and psychological distress, are not explicitly emphasized.</div><div>This review examines the intricate nexus between body image and REDs, elucidating its role as a catalyst for maladaptive behaviours and a harbinger of physiological and psychological decline. Athletes, particularly those in lean-body and aesthetic sports, face disproportionate vulnerability, as the cultural valorisation of performance and appearance converges with internalised body dissatisfaction to exacerbate energy deficits and psychological distress. Despite mounting evidence, body image remains a peripheral concern in REDs screening and intervention.</div><div>We advocate for an expanded research agenda that positions body image not as a diagnostic criterion, but as a potentially important upstream factor in REDs risk. Longitudinal, theory-driven studies are needed to clarify its role in both the development and resolution of REDs, and to inform more holistic screening and intervention strategies. Recognizing body image as both a possible contributor to and consequence of REDs may support more tailored, psychologically informed approaches to athlete care.</div><div>This call-to-action invites researchers, clinicians, and sport organizations to reimagine REDs through a lens that prioritises psychological resilience alongside physical performance, ensuring a more sustainable future for athletes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19886,"journal":{"name":"Performance enhancement and health","volume":"13 4","pages":"Article 100364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144595367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gaming for fuel: A content analysis of energy drink advertising in esports 以游戏为燃料：电子竞技中能量饮料广告的内容分析

IF 2.9

Performance enhancement and health Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100351

Geremy Kerr, Haozhou Pu, Jennifer Dalton, Corinne Daprano

{"title":"Gaming for fuel: A content analysis of energy drink advertising in esports","authors":"Geremy Kerr, Haozhou Pu, Jennifer Dalton, Corinne Daprano","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rise of esports has drawn major energy drink brands such as Monster, Red Bull, and G Fuel, which strongly promote their products for boosting gaming performance. Their aggressive promotion however raises concerns about health risks, such as heart disease, high blood pressure, and sleep disturbances linked to caffeine, sugar, and other stimulants. Despite the prevalence of energy drinks in esports, little research examines their advertising strategies. This study explores key themes and advertising strategies used in video advertisements such as persuasive appeals, peripheral and central messaging routes, and social norms and expected outcomes. Peripheral cues, such as vivid imagery and celebrity endorsements, were consistently utilized across advertisements, while central route cues, like product details, were less commonly emphasized. Subjective norms, including endorsements from gaming influencers, played a significant role in promoting social acceptance. A large majority of advertisements focused on portraying a \"cool\" and \"trendy\" image to resonate with their target audience. The findings reveal the alignment of energy drink marketing with esports culture but raise ethical concerns due to the omission of health risks. These methods are akin to alcohol and tobacco advertising and may promote excessive consumption among young gamers. Collaboration between esports stakeholders and public health professionals is essential to advocate for ethical marketing, consumer education, and regulatory oversight to mitigate health risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19886,"journal":{"name":"Performance enhancement and health","volume":"13 4","pages":"Article 100351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social network exposure and sociodemographic factors associated with intentions to use anabolic-androgenic steroids 社会网络暴露和社会人口因素与使用合成代谢雄激素类固醇的意向有关

IF 2.9

Performance enhancement and health Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100357

Kyle T. Ganson , Alexander Testa , Timothy Piatkowski , Jason M. Nagata

{"title":"Social network exposure and sociodemographic factors associated with intentions to use anabolic-androgenic steroids","authors":"Kyle T. Ganson , Alexander Testa , Timothy Piatkowski , Jason M. Nagata","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to examine 1) perceived anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use within the social networks of non-consumers, 2) the intentions to use AAS among non-consumers, including the sociodemographic predictors of intentions to use, and 3) whether perceived AAS use within one’s social network is associated with intentions to use.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from 1515 boys and men from Canada and the United States were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were used to describe perceived AAS use within the social networks of participants and their intentions to use AAS. Linear regression analyses were used to determine the sociodemographic associations with intentions to use AAS and whether perceived AAS use within one’s social network is associated with AAS use intentions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over one third (34.9 %) of participants reported perceiving any individual in their social network who uses AAS, while intentions to use AAS were relatively weak. Participants who identified as multi-racial were associated with stronger intentions to use AAS, while those who identified as gay or had a master’s degree or higher were associated with weaker intentions to use. Participants who perceived anyone in their social network who used AAS were associated with stronger intentions to use themselves.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings provide novel insights into AAS use within the social networks of a large, diverse, and international sample of boys and men, and their intentions to use. Prevention efforts should focus on boys and men who identify as multi-racial and who have individuals in their social network who use AAS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19886,"journal":{"name":"Performance enhancement and health","volume":"13 4","pages":"Article 100357"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integrative self-regulation model for sport and exercise: Theory and implications for comprehensive training 运动与锻炼的综合自我调节模型：理论与综合训练的启示

IF 2.9

Performance enhancement and health Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100350

Alexander T. Latinjak

{"title":"Integrative self-regulation model for sport and exercise: Theory and implications for comprehensive training","authors":"Alexander T. Latinjak","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Self-regulation is essential in sport and exercise, enabling athletes to manage emotions, motivation, and performance under pressure. However, research remains fragmented, often isolating aspects such as self-control, coping, and emotion regulation without integrating them into a cohesive framework. This paper introduces the Integrative Self-Regulation Model for Sport and Exercise, which unifies these processes to provide a structured yet adaptable approach to self-regulation training. The model consists of four core components: self-awareness and motivation for change, strategy selection, self-regulatory behaviours, and mental control, emphasizing the ability to regulate self-regulation by continuously monitoring and refining strategies. Despite its importance, self-regulation is prone to failure. Excessive self-awareness can lead to over-analysis and negative self-judgment, poor strategy selection may result in maladaptive coping, and overuse of mental control can cause cognitive fatigue. These pitfalls highlight the need for systematic training to develop adaptive, flexible, and context-sensitive strategies. To bridge theory and practice, the article presents a comprehensive checklist for self-regulation training and suggests evidence-based methods aligned with different aspects of the model. It offers a conceptual framework for studying self-regulation in sport and exercise, guiding both research and applied interventions to optimize performance and well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19886,"journal":{"name":"Performance enhancement and health","volume":"13 4","pages":"Article 100350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychophysiological profiling of elite cricket athletes 优秀板球运动员的心理生理特征分析

IF 2.9

Performance enhancement and health Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100349

Asia Joseph , Michael Waller , Trey Watson , Tiberio Garza , Marcelo Bigliassi

{"title":"Psychophysiological profiling of elite cricket athletes","authors":"Asia Joseph , Michael Waller , Trey Watson , Tiberio Garza , Marcelo Bigliassi","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Identifying optimal psychophysiological states and developing individualized profiles can enhance emotion regulation and reduce performance variability in cricket athletes. This study examined the relationship between psychophysiological states and performance accuracy in 36 elite fast bowlers across four experimental conditions, resulting in 144 observations. Heart rate variability (HRV) and affective states, measured via the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM), were recorded before and after accuracy-based tasks. Self-selected sensory interventions were applied prior to each over to regulate psychophysiological arousal and evoke targeted emotional responses. A Support Vector Regression (SVR) model, incorporating direction-aware distance features and evaluated with leave-one-participant-out cross-validation, emerged as the best-performing approach (R² = 0.282). This method accounted for individual differences by rescaling RMSSD values within participants and weighting deviations from personally “optimal” psychophysiological states. SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) analysis further highlighted RMSSD distance and affect-based features as primary predictors of performance. These findings underscore the importance of personalized strategies for psychophysiological regulation, suggesting that traditional one-size-fits-all approaches may overlook crucial individual nuances. Overall, the results demonstrate how precise, data-driven interventions could potentially enhance consistency and precision in high-pressure sporting environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19886,"journal":{"name":"Performance enhancement and health","volume":"13 4","pages":"Article 100349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Levelling up esports research: Mapping the past, present, and future of a thriving digital arena 升级电子竞技研究：描绘一个蓬勃发展的数字竞技场的过去、现在和未来

IF 2.9

Performance enhancement and health Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100354

Fernando Navarro-Lucena , Sebastian Molinillo , Rafael Anaya-Sánchez , Francisco Muñoz-Leiva

引用次数: 0

Governance and integrity challenges in esports: A scoping review 电子竞技中的治理和诚信挑战：范围审查

IF 2.9

Performance enhancement and health Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100352

Aline Lopes da Silva Candeo , Salvador Jr Reyes , Nils Haller , Andrew Richardson , Holger Preuss , Thomas Souvignet , Thomas Könecke , Mathias Schubert

{"title":"Governance and integrity challenges in esports: A scoping review","authors":"Aline Lopes da Silva Candeo , Salvador Jr Reyes , Nils Haller , Andrew Richardson , Holger Preuss , Thomas Souvignet , Thomas Könecke , Mathias Schubert","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid growth and commercial success of esports highlight the urgent need for clear regulations and governing bodies. To inform such processes, this scoping review maps existing knowledge on governance and integrity challenges in esports, distinguishing them from traditional sports governance frameworks. Existing literature is synthesized and organised to identify research gaps, to propose future research avenues and to thus provide guidance for policymaking and regulation. Specifically, it seeks to answer: What are the key governance and integrity challenges in esports, and how can policy and regulatory frameworks address them to ensure sustainable development?</div><div>The analysis revealed a constant increase of publications over the past decade, demonstrating the relevance of the topics. Based on both deductive and inductive coding, 19 dimensions of challenges were identified, including 8 related to governance and 11 to integrity. Key governance challenges include structures, regulations, democratic processes, legitimacy, and intellectual property. Prominent integrity challenges involve health issues, illegal sports betting, gender and sexuality, doping, and safeguarding.</div><div>The study reveals that traditional sports governance concepts are insufficient for addressing esports-specific issues, necessitating the development of dedicated frameworks. There is a need for future research to investigate player perspectives, assess the prevalence of challenges, and promote harmonized regulations. This review underscores the importance of a holistic perspective on governance and integrity to improve legitimacy and regulatory authority, ensuring the sustainable growth of the esports industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19886,"journal":{"name":"Performance enhancement and health","volume":"13 4","pages":"Article 100352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0