Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research最新文献

{"title":"Cyanobacterial Biofuel: A Platform for Green Energy","authors":"Sonal Mishra, N. Kumari, Varsha K. Singh, R. Sinha","doi":"10.21926/aeer.2303041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/aeer.2303041","url":null,"abstract":"Cyanobacteria have great potential as a platform for biofuel production because of their fast growth, ability to fix CO2 gas, and genetic tractability. They also preserve the sustainability of an ecosystem without harming the environment. High-performance biofuels made from cyanobacteria can be utilized as a base for the production of green energy. Although a lot of studies have been conducted where plants and crops are used as the source of energy, cyanobacteria have been reported to have a more efficient photosynthetic process strongly responsible for increased production with limited land input along with affordable cost. The production of cyanobacteria-based biofuels can be accelerated through genetic engineering or genomics research, which may help to meet the global demand for these fuels on a large scale. Cyanobacterial strains that have undergone genetic modifications have been developed as part of a green recovery approach to transform membrane lipids into fatty acids to produce cheap and eco-friendly green energy. Cyanobacteria also produce different biofuels such as butanol, ethanol and isoprene. The four different generations of biofuel production to meet the energy requirement have been discussed in this review. This review presents a comprehensive strategy for the commercial viability of green energy production utilizing cyanobacteria to achieve a price for biofuels that can compete with the present or future market.","PeriodicalId":198785,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125855515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fuel-Briquetting for Sustainable Development in Developing Countries-A Review","authors":"F. Elehinafe, O. Okedere","doi":"10.21926/aeer.2303040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/aeer.2303040","url":null,"abstract":"This review covered recent research products on fuel-briquette with emphasis on its production technologies and physical characteristics involving shapes, volumes, resiliencies, and mechanical compressive strengths; combustion properties such as high heating values, volatile matters, moisture contents, ash contents and fixed carbon; chemical analyses for the content of components such as nitrogen, hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen and carbon; emission characterization such as and economic potentials. This review provides opportunities for investors, researchers, governments, individuals, and industries, especially on alternative forms of energy that could be harnessed from waste management and the conservation of forests and its optimal management of carbonaceous wastes and sustainable energy production. Other prominent merits of using fuel-briquettes are the conserving of time in cooking in homes and heating in industries and employment opportunities.","PeriodicalId":198785,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133444680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photocatalytic Degradation of Microplastics: Parameters Affecting Degradation","authors":"E. Kinyua, G. Nyakairu, E. Tebandeke, N. Odume","doi":"10.21926/aeer.2303039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/aeer.2303039","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, microplastics have emerged as a major environmental pollutant and have been documented globally. Several studies have shown that microplastics can accumulate heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants as they pass through the environment due to their functional groups interacting with and complex these substances. While conventional wastewater treatment methods can reduce a significant amount of microplastics, many still make their way into rivers and oceans worldwide from their effluents. One of the promising approaches to wastewater cleaning is photocatalysis. Although it has demonstrated a great potential for microplastic degradation, most trials are still lab-based and need to be scaled up for actual use. A crucial factor in determining the technology's capital cost for practical implementation is having a solid grasp of the kinetics and rate of degradation. In order to scale up the approach, it is necessary to optimize several operational parameters, such as surface area, temperature, the impact of pH, and light. This research examines various developed photocatalysts for the breakdown of microplastics. An in-depth understanding of the best variables for future designs of photocatalytic degradation of microplastic for industrial applications will result from analyzing these variables.","PeriodicalId":198785,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123340594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical Assessment of the Modern Sediments of a Lake in the North of Russia","authors":"Z. Slukovskii, T. Shelekhova","doi":"10.21926/aeer.2303038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/aeer.2303038","url":null,"abstract":"Core sediment (sapropel) samples were collected from Lake Okunozero, the Republic of Karelia, Russia, to assess the distribution of heavy metals and their main fractions, probable sources of pollution, and potential ecological and toxicological risks for the water body. Heavy metal concentrations were measured by the mass spectrometry method using an XSeries-2 ICP-MS. The sequential extraction of heavy metals from sapropel samples was performed using the scheme of Tessier. According to the Russian Interstate Standard (GOST), the sapropel of Lake Okunozero is suitable for use in agriculture. The exceedances of the regional background levels were detected only for Pb and Cd. In accordance with Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Potential Ecological Risk (RI), no ecotoxicological risk in researched sediments was found. A significant correlation between some investigated heavy metals was established. Most heavy metals were in the insoluble mineral phase (Mn et al.) or were associated with organic matter (Cu, Zn, Mo, Ni). Only Mn, Zn, Cd, and Pb were found in the available fraction from 13 to 24% of the total metal content in the sediments. Other metals were less associated with the available fraction.","PeriodicalId":198785,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research","volume":"46 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113956751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wave Age and Steepness Relation in Growing Wind Seas: A Case Study during Hurricane Matthew in 2016","authors":"S. Hsu","doi":"10.21926/aeer.2302037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/aeer.2302037","url":null,"abstract":"For wind-wave interaction studies, from the literature, two criteria for the wind sea are used: one is the wave age and the other wave steepness. Analysis of pertinent datasets from a data buoy near the passage of Hurricane Matthew in 2016 indicates that = -15 + 1.3. Here is the wave age and is the wave steepness, where <em>C</em>_p is the phase speed of the peak wave, <em>U</em>₁₀ is the wind speed at 10 m, <em>H</em>_s is the significant wave height, and <em>L</em>_p is the peak or dominant wave length. It is found that 87% of the variation between wave age and wave steepness can be explained by this relation. Application of this relation to estimate <em>U</em>₁₀ and friction velocity from wave parameters are also presented for practical environmental and engineering use.","PeriodicalId":198785,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114055990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Land Management and Assessment, in the Context of Resource and Climate-Related Conflict","authors":"C. Lavers","doi":"10.21926/aeer.2302036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/aeer.2302036","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reviews the growing importance of satellite imagery to provide Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) maps, relevant to environmental land management assessment, in the context of resource and climate-related conflict based upon our own humanitarian project-related support. Near real-time space-based monitoring benefits land assessment, human rights observers, and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), in the presence of unstable regimes or socio-economic upheaval. Access to areas to validate claims or allegations with remote sensing tools and digital signal processing techniques is now important. Imagery-based assessment can quantify radiometrically calibrated NDVI, with temporal change indices, may evaluate displacement, to land clearances, and provide metrics on land use change. High-resolution satellite imagery can assess the extent of activities such as open cast mining, and dam construction in inaccessible regions, using semi-automatic orientated methods, generating indices at sub-metric levels derived from satellite data in: Red, Green, Blue, and NIR bands. We discuss the background of space-based applications, and the experimental methodology used. Results and discussion arising from a number of recent cases studies, with specific factors used to help with documentation and formulation of land management risk assessment in the context of climate change threats, e.g. wildfire, are considered. Satellite imagery combined with verified ground data sets of geospatial information and map making, allows external verification of ongoing and planned mining, or construction activities, which impact indigenous communities in such remote geographical regions, for example the controversial Ethiopian Gibe III dam. Seasonal and area change dynamics are observed and discussed.","PeriodicalId":198785,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126914102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Assessment and Adaptation to Climate Change Impacts in Mexico for Indigenous and Women","authors":"Ú. Oswald-Spring","doi":"10.21926/aeer.2302035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/aeer.2302035","url":null,"abstract":"The present article studies the policy, numbers, and costs of disaster risk management (DRM) in Mexico, a country highly exposed to climate change, due to two oceans warming up. The PEISOR methodology facilitates interrelating complex interactions and pressures between the natural and the societal system (P), where dangerous effects (E) occur in extreme events, such as floods, landslides, and drought. The impacts (I) of global warming, the pressure of historical poverty, and vulnerable regions were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. These societal outcomes (SO) are aggravated by gender and ethnic discrimination. The governmental response (R) has built up an alternative health system with access to medical attention. About DRM against climate catastrophes, loss and damage (L&D) policies prioritized cash transfers to affected people. This policy increased the dependency of poor people but produced electoral benefits for the leading party. Nevertheless, this DRM limits adaptation and resilience-building among social groups living in exposed regions mainly in the South, where indigenous groups suffer from low human development index and extreme poverty. The article also compares the quantitative costs of disasters in Mexico during the last five decades. Growing L&D invoices for the government and affected people occurred predominantly during the last decade. Worsening climate conditions, combined with the COVID-19 pandemic, public insecurity, and extreme poverty, represent survival threats for exposed people, where only a local bottom-up resilience-building may create an integrated DRM. In conclusion, the reactive policy of L&D has raised the electoral support of needed people but limited adaption to deal with extremer climate impacts. The official DRM policy impacts allocated 96% of the disaster budget for reconstruction and emergency management and only 4% for prevention. Especially affected are women, girls, and indigenous people with the highest death toll. Empowering these vulnerable groups would create greater resilience, where training in care economy, and environmental restoration could reduce the risks. The lack of adaptation also created a dependency on foreign countries for climate advice, hurricane tracking, early warnings, and disaster recovery, where affected people are trapped in poverty and often forced to migrate.","PeriodicalId":198785,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124891015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adsorption of Phosphate by Synthesized Silver/Calcium Oxide-Activated Carbon Nanocomposite","authors":"G. Nyakairu, M. Ntale, M. Usman","doi":"10.21926/aeer.2302033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/aeer.2302033","url":null,"abstract":"Developing adsorbents with appreciable morphology will create new approaches for better phosphate adsorption performance. This study aims to investigate the design of an adsorbent by impregnating silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) onto calcium oxide-activated carbon (CaO-AC). The Ag/CaO-AC nanocomposite was used as an adsorbent to remove phosphate. Batch adsorption studies were performed to evaluate the effects of adsorbent dose, initial phosphate concentration, contact time, and pH on removing phosphate from an aqueous solution. The optimized conditions were applied to a real wastewater sample. The optimum condition for phosphate adsorption on Ag/CaO-AC nanocomposite was at an adsorbent dose of 0.02 g, an initial phosphate concentration of 40 mg∙L-1, an equilibrium contact time of 45 minutes, and pH 7. Pseudo-second-order proved to be more accurate in representing the data of phosphate adsorption onto Ag/CaO-AC nanocomposite. The adsorption isotherm fitted well on the Langmuir model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 77.4 mg∙g-1. From the kinetics and isotherm studies, chemisorption was the primary adsorption mechanism through ion exchange and ligand exchange mechanisms. The results of this study show that Ag/CaO-AC nanocomposite is a promising adsorbent for removing phosphate from wastewater.","PeriodicalId":198785,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129596863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avoiding a Grim Future: The Climate Crisis and Its Effects on Human Aggression and Violence","authors":"Andreas Miles-Novelo, C. Anderson","doi":"10.21926/aeer.2302034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/aeer.2302034","url":null,"abstract":"As the climate crisis has progressed, scientists have begun to ask, \"How does a rapidly warming ecosystem impact human behavior?\" As aggression scholars and non-professional environmentalists, it has become increasingly clear that the impact of the climate crisis, without intervention, will dramatically increase humans' exposure to risk factors known to cause aggressive and violent behavior. This article describes a model that explains the indirect and direct effects of the climate crisis on aggression and violence, both on an individual level and broadly on group dynamics. We propose that systemic and global intervention strategies must be adopted to mitigate the severity of the climate crisis. This manuscript outlines the research demonstrating how climate change will increase human aggression and violence and then discusses potential interventions, such as holistic policies addressing immigration and income inequality. In discussing this topic, we provide insight into the intersectional nature of the consequences of rapid global warming.","PeriodicalId":198785,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131820769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Two Strategies for Locating Hydrogen Refueling Stations under High Demand Uncertainty","authors":"D. Thiel","doi":"10.21926/aeer.2302031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21926/aeer.2302031","url":null,"abstract":"This research aims to model and compare two strategies for locating new hydrogen refueling stations (HRS) in a context of high uncertainty on H2 demand and on the spatial distribution of demand points. The first strategy S1 represented by an agent-based model integrating a particle swarm optimization metaheuristic consists of finding the best HRS locations by adapting to the real evolution of the demand. A second strategy S2 consists in solving a classical capacitated p-median problem based on H2 consumption forecasts over a given deterministic horizon in order to define in advance p optimal future HRS locations. Assuming that the same distributor gradually implements future HRSs in a given area between 2023 and 2030, both models minimize the sum of travel distances between each demand point and its assigned SRH. The results show that during the growth phase of the fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) market, with two different compound annual growth rates (medium and strong), the conservative S1 strategy performs better than S2 as these rates increase. However, while S2 remains suboptimal throughout the sales growth period, it becomes more effective once demand stabilizes. Another finding is that different uniform distributions of H2 demand points in the same space have only a small long-term influence on the performance of these two models. This research advises investors to study the influence of different location strategies and models on the performance of a final HRS network in a given region. Models can be easily configured and adapted to a particular spatial distribution of demand points in a specific environment, more flexible H2 production capabilities, or different behaviors of FCEV drivers that could be geo-located.","PeriodicalId":198785,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125336991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}