Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference最新文献

Making Trimmed B-Spline B-Reps Watertight With a Hybrid Representation 使修剪b样条b代表水密与混合表示

Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference Pub Date : 2019-11-25 DOI: 10.1115/detc2019-97485

Yang Song, E. Cohen

引用次数: 4

An Agent-Based Modeling Approach for Clean Technologies Adoption Using Theory of Planned Behavior Based Decision-Making 基于计划行为决策理论的清洁技术采用智能体建模方法

Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference Pub Date : 2019-11-25 DOI: 10.1115/detc2019-97670

M. Pakravan, Nordica A. MacCarty

{"title":"An Agent-Based Modeling Approach for Clean Technologies Adoption Using Theory of Planned Behavior Based Decision-Making","authors":"M. Pakravan, Nordica A. MacCarty","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97670","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Technology adoption in low-income regions is among the key challenges facing international development projects. Nearly 40% of the world’s population relies on open fires and rudimentary cooking devices exacerbating health outcomes, deforestation, and climatic impacts of inefficient biomass burning. Clean technology alternatives such as clean cookstoves are among the most challenging technologies to approach their target goals through sustainable adoption due to lack of systematic market-driven design for adoption. Thus, a method is needed to provide insight regarding how target customers evaluate and perceive causes for adopting a clean technology. The holistic approach of this study captures the three main aspects of technology adoption through lenses of social networks, individual and society scale beliefs, and rational decision-making behavior. Based on data collected in the Apac region in Northern Uganda, an Agent-Based Model is developed to simulate emerging adoption behavior in a community. Then, four different scenarios investigate how adoption patterns change due to potential changes in technology or intervention strategy. These scenarios include influence of stove malfunctions, price elasticity, information campaigns, and strength of social network. Results suggest that higher adoption rates are achievable if designed technologies are more durable, information campaigns provide realistic expectations for users, policy makers and education programs work toward women’s empowerment, and communal social ties are recognized for influence maximization. Application of this study provides insight for technology designers, project implementers, and policy makers to update their practices for achieving sustainable and to the scale clean technology adoption rates.","PeriodicalId":198662,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117094931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resource Allocation for System Reliability Analysis Using Accelerated Life Testing 基于加速寿命试验的系统可靠性分析资源分配

Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference Pub Date : 2019-11-25 DOI: 10.1115/detc2019-97616

Kassem Moustafa, Zhen Hu, Z. Mourelatos, Igor Baseski, Monica Majcher

{"title":"Resource Allocation for System Reliability Analysis Using Accelerated Life Testing","authors":"Kassem Moustafa, Zhen Hu, Z. Mourelatos, Igor Baseski, Monica Majcher","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97616","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Accelerated life test (ALT) has been widely used to accelerate the product reliability assessment process by testing product at higher than nominal stress conditions. For a system with multiple components, the tests can be performed at component-level or system-level. The data at these two levels require different amount of resources to collect and carry different values of information for system reliability assessment. Even though component-level tests are cheap to perform, they cannot account for the correlations between the failure time distributions of different components. While system-level tests can naturally account for the complicated dependence between component failure time distributions, the required testing efforts are much higher than that of component-level tests. This research proposes a novel resource allocation framework for ALT-based system reliability assessment. A physics-informed load model is first employed to bridge the gap between component-level tests and system-level tests. An optimization framework is then developed to effectively allocate testing resources to different types of tests. The information fusion of component-level and system-level tests allows us to accurately estimate the system reliability with a minimized requirement on the testing resources. Results of one numerical example demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.","PeriodicalId":198662,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134239259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Establishing Baseline Performance for Off-the-Shelf Nitrile Seals for the India Mark II Hand Pump System 为印度Mark II手动泵系统建立现成丁腈密封件的基准性能

Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference Pub Date : 2019-11-25 DOI: 10.1115/detc2019-98439

H. Ottosson, Thomas A. Naylor, Oliver K. Johnson, C. Mattson

{"title":"Establishing Baseline Performance for Off-the-Shelf Nitrile Seals for the India Mark II Hand Pump System","authors":"H. Ottosson, Thomas A. Naylor, Oliver K. Johnson, C. Mattson","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-98439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98439","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Accessing clean water is a persistent, and life threatening, challenge for millions of people in the world. Mechanical hand pumps have a long history of helping people access clean ground water for drinking and daily use. Among the most ubiquitous are the India Mark II and III pump systems, for which there are more than 4,000,000 installed across the world. These are estimated to serve between 600M and 1B people. All pumps degrade in performance over time, requiring service; many do not receive it causing pumps to become dysfunctional. The purpose of this paper is to establish a baseline for nitrile seal performance of India Mark II hand pump systems. Understanding off-the-shelf performance and using it as a baseline is an important step toward understanding degradation of performance over time, which is the focus of a much larger study to understand — mechanically and socially — how hand pumps perform, degrade, and ultimately meet human needs. In this paper, 110 off-the-shelf nitrile seals that were purchased in Uganda were tested and the following was characterized: (i) geometric variation, (ii) material variation, (iii) leak performance, and (iv) correlation between these. The seal leak performance was found to be very robust to variations in geometry and material at zero cycles. This important baseline supports our future work to understand how and to what degree seals become sensitive to geometric and material degradation during use.","PeriodicalId":198662,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference","volume":"95 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121707902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and Testing of a Solar-Powered Bicycle in Nairobi, Kenya 肯尼亚内罗毕太阳能自行车的设计和测试

Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference Pub Date : 2019-11-25 DOI: 10.1115/detc2019-98015

I. Maranga, G. Burleson, R. Christen, I. D. Silva

{"title":"Design and Testing of a Solar-Powered Bicycle in Nairobi, Kenya","authors":"I. Maranga, G. Burleson, R. Christen, I. D. Silva","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-98015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-98015","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Globally, access to reliable and clean transportation vehicles is a growing concern. Using off-the-shelf components, researchers in Kenya have developed a solar-powered bicycle called the “Solar-E-Bike.” The bike has the potential to support the demand for mobility and electric power of the growing African population. A fully solar powered vehicle/generator for commuting and light cargo transportation as a source of electricity in the home is technically feasible and would respond to real user needs, impact the lives of many of people living in off-grid communities in Africa. Incorporating renewably-powered transportation methods could be a significant contribution to avoiding CO2 emissions in the future. The prototypes for this product have proven that a solar vehicle could easily be a practical transportation device with a daily range of 50 km per day. However, a test drive across 500 km showcased valuable design changes, such as improved component selection and durable frame design, that are needed for this product to be usable on a commercialized scale. Vehicles such as the one discussed in this paper could provide additional benefits such as power generation and provide infrastructure support for health, education, water and communications.","PeriodicalId":198662,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128429482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Second-Order Reliability Method Based on Edgeworth Expansion With Application to Reliability-Based Design Optimization 基于Edgeworth展开的二阶可靠性方法及其在可靠性设计优化中的应用

Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference Pub Date : 2019-11-25 DOI: 10.1115/detc2019-97278

Rami Mansour, M. Olsson

{"title":"Second-Order Reliability Method Based on Edgeworth Expansion With Application to Reliability-Based Design Optimization","authors":"Rami Mansour, M. Olsson","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97278","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the Second-Order Reliability Method, the limit-state function is approximated by a hyper-parabola in standard normal and uncorrelated space. However, there is no exact closed form expression for the probability of failure based on a hyper-parabolic limit-state function and the existing approximate formulas in the literature have been shown to have major drawbacks. Furthermore, in applications such as Reliability-based Design Optimization, analytical expressions, not only for the probability of failure but also for probabilistic sensitivities, are highly desirable for efficiency reasons. In this paper, a novel Second-Order Reliability Method is presented. The proposed expression is a function of three statistical measures: the Cornell Reliability Index, the skewness and the Kurtosis of the hyper-parabola. These statistical measures are functions of the First-Order Reliability Index and the curvatures at the Most Probable Point. Furthermore, analytical sensitivities with respect to mean values of random variables and deterministic variables are presented. The sensitivities can be seen as the product of the sensitivities computed using the First-Order Reliability Method and a correction factor. The proposed expressions are studied and their applicability to Reliability-based Design Optimization is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":198662,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125350720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

On the Analysis of a Compromised Additive Manufacturing System Using Spatio-Temporal Decomposition 基于时空分解的受损增材制造系统分析

Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference Pub Date : 2019-11-25 DOI: 10.1115/detc2019-97732

Sakthi Kumar Arul Prakash, Tobias Mahan, Glen Williams, Christopher McComb, Jessica Menold, Conrad S. Tucker

{"title":"On the Analysis of a Compromised Additive Manufacturing System Using Spatio-Temporal Decomposition","authors":"Sakthi Kumar Arul Prakash, Tobias Mahan, Glen Williams, Christopher McComb, Jessica Menold, Conrad S. Tucker","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97732","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97732","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 3D printing systems have expanded the access to low cost, rapid methods for attaining physical prototypes or products. However, a cyber attack, system error, or operator error on a 3D printing system may result in catastrophic situations, ranging from complete product failure, to small types of defects which weaken the structural integrity of the product, making it unreliable for its intended use. Such defects can be introduced early-on via solid models or through G-codes for printer movements at a later stage. Previous works have studied the use of image classifiers to predict defects in real-time as a print is in progress and also by studying the printed entity once the print is complete. However, a major restriction in the functionality of these methods is the availability of a dataset capturing diverse attacks on printed entities or the printing process. This paper introduces a visual inspection technique that analyzes the amplitude and phase variations of the print head platform arising through induced system manipulations. The method uses an image sequence of a 3D printing process captured via an off the shelf camera to perform an offline multi-scale, multi-orientation decomposition to amplify imperceptible system movements attributable to a change in system parameters. The authors hypothesize that a change in the amplitude envelope and instantaneous phase response as a result of a change in the end effector translational instructions, to be correlated with an AM system compromise. A case study is presented that tests the hypothesis and provides statistical validity in support of the method. The method has the potential to enhance the robustness of cyber-physical systems such as 3D printers that rely on secure, high quality hardware and software to perform optimally.","PeriodicalId":198662,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133725497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computational Cognition for Mission Command and Control Decisions Facing Risk in Unknown Environments 未知环境下面临风险的任务指挥控制决策的计算认知

Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference Pub Date : 2019-11-25 DOI: 10.1115/detc2019-98483

A. Short, Bryony DuPont

引用次数: 0

A Novel Hierarchical Framework for Uncertainty Analysis of Multiscale Systems Combined Vine Copula With Sparse PCE 结合Vine Copula和稀疏PCE的多尺度系统不确定性分析新层次框架

Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference Pub Date : 2019-11-25 DOI: 10.1115/detc2019-97832

Can Xu, Zhao Liu, Wei Tao, P. Zhu

{"title":"A Novel Hierarchical Framework for Uncertainty Analysis of Multiscale Systems Combined Vine Copula With Sparse PCE","authors":"Can Xu, Zhao Liu, Wei Tao, P. Zhu","doi":"10.1115/detc2019-97832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97832","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Uncertainty analysis is an effective methodology to acquire the variability of composite material properties. However, it is hard to apply hierarchical multiscale uncertainty analysis to the complex composite materials due to both quantification and propagation difficulties. In this paper, a novel hierarchical framework combined R-vine copula with sparse polynomial chaos expansions is proposed to handle multiscale uncertainty analysis problems. According to the strength of correlations, two different strategies are proposed to complete the uncertainty quantification and propagation. If the variables are weakly correlated or mutually independent, Rosenblatt transformation is used directly to transform non-normal distributions into the standard normal distributions. If the variables are strongly correlated, multidimensional joint distribution is obtained by constructing R-vine copula, and Rosenblatt transformation is adopted to generalize independent standard variables. Then the sparse polynomial chaos expansion is used to acquire the uncertainties of outputs with relatively few samples. The statistical moments of those variables that act as the inputs of next upscaling model, can be gained analytically and easily by the polynomials. The analysis process of the proposed hierarchical framework is verified by the application of a 3D woven composite material system. Results show that the multidimensional correlations are modelled accurately by the R-vine copula functions, and thus uncertainty propagations with the transformed variables can be done to obtain the computational results with consideration of uncertainties accurately and efficiently.","PeriodicalId":198662,"journal":{"name":"Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129074946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimation of Uncertainty Change of Reliability in Adaptive Sampling Under Prediction Uncertainty of Gaussian Process 高斯过程预测不确定性下自适应采样可靠性不确定性变化的估计

Volume 2B: 45th Design Automation Conference Pub Date : 2019-11-25 DOI: 10.1115/detc2019-97472

Sangjune Bae, N. Kim

引用次数: 0