Cytology & Histology Reports最新文献

{"title":"Tumor-to-Tumor Metastasis in Synchronous Primary Kidney and Colon Tumors","authors":"Shabnam Samankan, M. Aghighi, K. Krabill, G. Azabdaftari","doi":"10.29011/2688-6421.100003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2688-6421.100003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Synchronous tumors are defined as two or more distinct and malignant tumors excluding the possibility of one being a metastasis of the other. The development of tumor metastasis from another synchronous primary malignancy is rare. The incidence of synchronous neoplasms of the colon and kidney is rare. Renal cell carcinoma exhibits characteristic features making it suitable for harboring metastases. Case presentation: We report a unique case of a 49-year-old male with no previous history of cancer that was found to have synchronous rectal adenocarcinoma and left kidney renal cell carcinoma. Additionally, metastasis from colon adenocarcinoma to RCC was identified. Distinguishing double primary neoplasms and metastases in synchronous primary tumors has significant implications with respect to patient prognosis and recommendations for therapy.","PeriodicalId":198381,"journal":{"name":"Cytology & Histology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115731288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological Basis of Transplant Failure","authors":"Abbas Alnaji","doi":"10.29011/2688-6421.100001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2688-6421.100001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":198381,"journal":{"name":"Cytology & Histology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115100326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metastatic Malignant Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor (PEComa) in Parotid Gland Diagnosed by Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy- a Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Shiguang Liu, Zaibo Li, Rulong Z. Shen","doi":"10.29011/2688-6421.100004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2688-6421.100004","url":null,"abstract":"Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumors (PEComas) are exceedingly rare mesenchymal tumors in salivary glands; no case of metastatic malignant PEComas in salivary gland was described. Here we reported a case of a 74-year old female with a history of malignant PEComa of retro peritoneum, who underwent surgical resection 11 years ago. She had metastatic PEComas in her liver and right upper extremity 7 months prior to the current presentation, with a 0.6 cm soft mobile palpable nodule in the right parotid region without tenderness. Fine needle aspiration biopsy showed spindle-shaped cells with indistinct cell border, wispy acidophilic cytoplasm, and oval to cigar-shaped hyper chromatic nuclei with evenly distributed fine chromatin. No epithelioid form was identified. Immunohistochemistry study showed the neoplastic cells were positive for smooth muscle actin, h-caldesmon and negative for cytokeratin, S-100 and HMB-45. Diagnosis of metastatic malignant Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor was made and the patient was continued with chemotherapy. This case is the first report of metastatic malignant PEComa in parotid gland. The patient’s known history of malignant Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor is important when cytopathologists make the differential diagnosis for the mesenchymal neoplasm of salivary gland. Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor (PEComa) is a family of mesenchymal neoplasms [1-2]. The most common PEComas include renal Angiomyolipoma (AML), pulmonary Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) and Clear Cell Sugar Tumor (CCST) of the lung. It is exceedingly rare in salivary glands, to our knowledge, only 3 cases of primary angiomyolipoma of parotid gland were reported [3]. No case of metastatic malignant PEComas in salivary gland was described. We report a case of metastatic malignant PEComa in parotid gland diagnosed by fine needle aspiration biopsy. The literatures on this rare mesenchymal neoplasm are reviewed.","PeriodicalId":198381,"journal":{"name":"Cytology & Histology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113965262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Low Dose Statin Combined with Grapefruit on Skeletal Muscle Structure and the Possible Protective Role of Mesenchymal Stem Cells","authors":"A. A. Zeid, W. Baher, A. Hashem, B. M. Fahmy, Farah Ahmed Shafiek, M. Halem, N. A. Mohamed, R. A. Sakr","doi":"10.29011/2688-6421.100005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2688-6421.100005","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Statins are the cornerstone of therapy for dyslipidemia. They are generally well tolerated but can produce skeletal muscle adverse reactions, ranging from myalgia to rhabdomyolysis. Grapefruit juice increases the plasma concentrations of simvastatin thus increasing the risk of adverse effects. Stem cells have been recognized as a potential tool for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. Objectives: To evaluate the effect of low dose statin combined with grapefruit on muscle structure and the possible protective role of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) in female rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty five adult female rats were randomly divided into: Group I (control group, n=10) equally subdivided into: Subgroup IA (grapefruit control); 5 ml/kg oral grapefruit juice was given daily, Subgroup IB (statin control); 20 mg/kg oral Zocor® in tap water was given daily. Group II (statin + grapefruit, n=5); 20 mg/kg Zocor® in 5 ml/kg grapefruit juice was given daily for 45 days, Group III (IMMSCs, n=5); statin + grapefruit were given as in Group II, in addition to two intramuscular (IM) injections of BM-MSCs. Group IV (IVMSCs, n=5); statin + grapefruit were given as in Group II, in addition to two intravenous (IV) injections of BM-MSCs. Plasma level of Creatine Kinase (CK) was obtained at various intervals. All animals were sacrificed 12 days after the last dose, gastrocnemius muscles were collected and processed for light and electron microscopic study. Results: Both control subgroups showed unremarkable muscle changes. However, in Group II, dilated T-tubules, subsarcolemmal space widening, mitochondrial degeneration, disintegrated myofibrils, loss of Z lines and accumulation of large electron dense particles were detected. In Group III and IV these muscle changes were improved. Conclusion: Statin combined with grapefruit resulted in muscle ultrastructural changes. These changes were ameliorated with either IM and IV injection of MSCs, however IM injection showed better results.","PeriodicalId":198381,"journal":{"name":"Cytology & Histology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123690939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Metformin Protect Against Diabetic Retinopathy in Albino Rats? An Immunohistochemical Study","authors":"N. Hassan, M. Sherif, Dalia M. Saleh","doi":"10.29011/2688-6421.100010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2688-6421.100010","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Metformin (MT) is a widely used oral anti-hyperglycemic agent for Type II diabetes. However, its role in protection against diabetic retinopathy is not clear. Aim of the work: The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible protective effect of MT on the diabetic retinopathy in rat model with special consideration on glial cell activation, neuronal apoptosis and neovascularization. Materials and Methods: Twenty-one male Sprague Dawly rats were divided into control group (n=7) and experimental group (n=14) that developed Type II diabetes by feeding on high fat diet for 8 weeks followed by repeated small doses streptozotocin injections. The experimental group were farther subdivided into Diabetic (DB) group (n=7) were left for another 8 weeks without treatment and MT group (n=7) were left 4 weeks then received MT for another 4 weeks. At the end of the experiment, blood and retinal samples were collected for biochemical, histological and immunohistochemical studies. Results: Metformin administration significantly decreased diabetic induced hyperglycemia and decreased the serum level of oxidative stress markers to the control level. Also, it significantly suppressed the diabetic induced increase of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) and Caspase3 expression. On the contrary, it enhanced the diabetic induced increase of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in the retina. Conclusion: This study indicated that MT may have an adjuvant role in prevention of diabetic retinopathy, and future studies are recommended to declare the regulatory mechanisms for its antiangiogenic or proangiogenic effects.","PeriodicalId":198381,"journal":{"name":"Cytology & Histology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132435537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Possible Protective Effect of Propolis Against Aluminum Chloride Induced Hepatic Injury in Adult Male Rats. Histological Study","authors":"M. Raafat, G. A. Ibrahim, S. Ezzat","doi":"10.29011/2688-6421.100013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2688-6421.100013","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Aluminum is a widely distributed metal in the environment and is extensively used in daily life that provides easy exposure to human. It is known that Aluminum induces toxic effect on the liver. Propolis is a honeybee product with antioxidant properties. Hence, aim of the work was to evaluate the possible protective effect of propolis against hepatic toxicity caused by Aluminum chloride (AlCl3) in rats. Material and methods: The present study was carried out on forty adult male albino rats that were divided randomly into four equal Groups. Group I served as control. Group II: rats were given propolis (50 mg/kg). Group III: received AlCl3 (34 mg/kg). Group IV: received AlCl3 (34 mg/kg) and propolis (50 mg/kg) simultaneously. All medications were given by nasogastric tube for four weeks. Specimens of liver were excised and processed for light and electron microscopic studies. Moreover, biochemical levels of serum liver enzymes were measured. Morphometric and statistical analysis were also done. Results: Administration of propolis alone in Group II had no effect on the hepatic architecture. However, AlCl3 administration in Group III had led elevation of serum liver enzymes and distortion of liver parenchyma. Vacuolated hepatocytes, mononuclear cellular infiltrations and congestion in portal vein branches and blood sinusoids were noticed. Moreover, there was a significant increase in area percentage of collagen fibers and a significant decrease in the optical density of PAS stained glycogen granules as compared to the control Group. By electron microscope, hepatocytes showed many lipid droplets in their cytoplasm, mitochondria with indistinct cristae, and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum. Hepatic stellate cells associated with collagen fibrils were also detected. However, simultaneous administration of propolis with AlCl3 in Group IV attenuated the biochemical and structural changes induced by AlCl3. Conclusion: Propolis could have a beneficial protective effect against AlCl3 hepatic injury.","PeriodicalId":198381,"journal":{"name":"Cytology & Histology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121440249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Puberty Affect the Ultrastructure of the Superior Colliculus in Male Albino Rats?","authors":"H. Hashish","doi":"10.29011/2688-6421.100008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2688-6421.100008","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Puberty is the changes in the period of adolescence. The Superior Colliculus (SC) is located in dorsal midbrain. In mammals, the SC formed of seven layers. These layers are classified into superficial and deep parts. g-ratio is the ratio between the axon diameter and the fiber Identification of the g-ratio is valuable for the functional brain studies. The change in the g-ratio may indicate change in the myelination. Aim of the work: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of puberty on the histological structure and ultrastructure of the superior colliculus, and the possible changes in the g-ratio, if present, between prepubertal and post pubertal male rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty male albino rats were divided into pre pubertal and post pubertal rats. Rats of each group were anaesthetized with Ketamine, the superior colliculi were dissected; one used for paraffin sections, the other used for semi thin and ultrathin sections. The diameter of the axons and thickness of myelin, then g-ratio, and synaptic density were measured. Results: The ultrastructural study showed that in post puberal group there is significant reduction in axon diameter and increased myelin thickness which disturbed the g-ratio. The synapses showed significant reduction in the post-pubertal group. Conclusion: The superior colliculus exhibited post-pubertal changes in the axon diameter, myelin thickness and g-ratio which might affect the nerve conduction velocity, and in turn, may affect its function in the visual pathway, and other cognitive functions.","PeriodicalId":198381,"journal":{"name":"Cytology & Histology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116918546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Curcumin on the Plasticity of Inguinal Adipose Tissue in Experimental Model of Hypothyroidism in Rat: Histological Study","authors":"B. Abdelaziz, W. Baher, M. S. Hafez, F. H. E. Ebiary","doi":"10.29011/2688-6421.100012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2688-6421.100012","url":null,"abstract":"Background and objectives: Obesity is closely related to hypothyroidism. Mild thyroid dysfunction is linked to significant changes in body weight. Curcumin is regarded as a preventive agent against obesity. This study aimed to explore the effect of curcumin on the structure of inguinal adipose tissue in Propylthiouracil (PTU) induced hypothyroid rat model. Materials and methods: Thirty-six male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Group I (Control, n=18): equally subdivided into: Subgroup Ia (Euthyroid), Subgroup Ib (Euthyroidcorn oil): received 1ml of corn oil and sacrificed after 2 and 6 weeks. Subgroup Ic (Euthyroidcurcumin): received 1ml of corn oil for 2 weeks followed by 1ml of curcumin solution for another 6 weeks. Group II (PTUhypothyroid, n=12): equally subdivided into: Subgroup IIa (PTU): received daily 5 mg PTU in corn oil for 2 weeks and Subgroup IIb (Recovery): received daily 5 mg PTU in corn oil for 2 weeks then left for recovery for 6 weeks. Group III (hypothyroidcurcumin): received 5 ml of PTU for 2 weeks followed by 1ml of Curcumin for 6 weeks. At sacrifice, the inguinal adipose tissue was dissected and processed for different histological, ultrastructure, immunohistochemically and morphometric analyses. Results: Areas of brown like adipocytes were detected among white adipocytes in Groups Ic, IIb and III. corrugated adipocytes’ cell membrane was evident in subgroup IIa. Densely stained collagen appeared around the cell clusters in subgroup IIb. Findings were further confirmed by statistical analysis of the morphometric results. Conclusion: Curcumin resulted in the appearance of brown like adipocytes in between WAT in the inguinal region.","PeriodicalId":198381,"journal":{"name":"Cytology & Histology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122118858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastric-Type Adenocarcinoma in-Situ of the Uterine Cervix: An Emerging Entity","authors":"T. Amos, C. Y. Chow, G. Mihir, Y. Ching","doi":"10.29011/2688-6421.100011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2688-6421.100011","url":null,"abstract":"Gastric-Type Adenocarcinoma (GAS) is a rare and aggressive subtype of endocervical adenocarcinoma. Accumulated evidence suggests that a subset of atypical Lobular Endocervical Glandular Hyperplasia (LEGH) and Gastric Type Adenocarcinoma in Situ (GAIS) may be associated with and represent precursors of GAS. GAIS is rare and not yet well characterised. Herein, we summarise the current available literature on histological and cytological features of GAIS. GAS and GAIS are likely to increase in relative importance in the era of HPV vaccination and HPV testing, yet will prove a diagnostic challenge due to lack of familiarity, subtle histologic and cytologic features and lack of association with HPV.","PeriodicalId":198381,"journal":{"name":"Cytology & Histology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129712186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Possible Protective Role of Ghrelin on Acute Stress Induced Thymic Atrophy in Mice. Histological and Immunohistochemical Study","authors":"Catherine Safwat Salehh Barsoum, M. Raafat, M. Mekawy, A. M. E. Shawarby","doi":"10.29011/2688-6421.100006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2688-6421.100006","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Exposure to stress down regulates the immune system. Thymus gland is sensitive to stress. Ghrelin hormone secreted by the stomach has an immune-stimulatory effect. Aim: Aim of the Work was to study the effect of immobilization stress on mouse thymic population and the possible protective role of Ghrelin. Material and Methods: 40 animals were divided into four groups (10 mice each). Group I was considered as control group. Group II was injected with a 100 μ g/kg of ghrelin intraperitoneally. Group III was immobilized by stress restraint test. Group IV received 100 μ g/kg of ghrelin intraperitoneally prior to the stress restraint test. Thymi of mice of different groups were removed and processed for haematoxylin and eosin, immunohistochemical staining for caspase 3 and electron microscopic studies. Finally, morphometric and statistical analysis were performed. Results: Acute stress resulted in significant decrease in thymic weight. Atrophy of thymic lobules with marked fatty and mononuclear cellular infiltration was detected. Marked decrease in cellularity of thymic cortex was noticed and confirmed by significant increase in caspase 3 positive cells. Medulla showed proliferation of epithelial reticular cells with cystic degeneration in Hassall’s corpuscle. In Ghrelin protected group, the thymus regained normal histological structure with significant decrease in caspase 3 positive cells. Conclusion: Stress resulted in loss of double positive thymocytes to the periphery. Extra thymic T cells were defective, nonfunctional and auto-reactive. Ghrelin allowed activation of surviving thymocytes and prevented apoptosis.","PeriodicalId":198381,"journal":{"name":"Cytology & Histology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125300243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}