Labor: Personnel Economics eJournal最新文献_第2页

Labor Unions and Product Quality Failures 工会和产品质量问题

Labor: Personnel Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.1287/mnsc.2021.4082

Omesh Kini, Mo Shen, Jaideep Shenoy, Venkat Subramaniam

{"title":"Labor Unions and Product Quality Failures","authors":"Omesh Kini, Mo Shen, Jaideep Shenoy, Venkat Subramaniam","doi":"10.1287/mnsc.2021.4082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.4082","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we study the impact of labor unions on product quality failures. We use a product recall as our measure of quality failure because it is an objective metric that is applicable to a broad cross-section of industries. Our analysis employs a union panel setting and close union elections in a regression discontinuity design framework to overcome identification issues. In the panel regressions, we find that firms that are unionized and those that have higher unionization rates experience a greater frequency of quality failures. The results obtain even at a more granular establishment level in a subsample in which we can identify the manufacturing establishment associated with the recalled product. When comparing firms in close elections, we find that firms with close union wins are followed by significantly worse product quality outcomes than those with close union losses. These results are amplified in non–right-to-work states, where unions have a relatively greater influence on the workforce. We find that unionization increases firms’ costs and operating leverage and, consequently, crowds out investments that potentially impact quality. We also find some suggestive evidence that unions may compromise quality by hurting employee morale and by resisting technological upgrades in the firm. Overall, our results suggest that unions have an adverse impact on product recalls, and thus, product quality is an important dimension along which unions impact businesses. This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.","PeriodicalId":198334,"journal":{"name":"Labor: Personnel Economics eJournal","volume":"141 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123422368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Contests With Participant-Dependent Prizes 与参与者相关的奖品竞赛

Labor: Personnel Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2021-03-15 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3804612

Nicolas de Roos, Alexander Matros, V. Smirnov

引用次数: 0

The Option Value of Municipal Liquidity: Evidence from Federal Lending Cutoffs during COVID-19 市政流动性的期权价值:来自COVID-19期间联邦贷款中断的证据

Labor: Personnel Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2021-02-16 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3785577

A. Haughwout, Benjamin Hyman, Or Shachar

{"title":"The Option Value of Municipal Liquidity: Evidence from Federal Lending Cutoffs during COVID-19","authors":"A. Haughwout, Benjamin Hyman, Or Shachar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3785577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3785577","url":null,"abstract":"We estimate the option value of municipal liquidity by studying bond market behavior and public sector hiring decisions when government budgets are severely distressed. Using a regression discontinuity (RD) design, we exploit lending eligibility cutoffs introduced by the Federal sector’s Municipal Liquidity Facility (MLF) in April 2020 to study the effect of an emergency liquidity option on yields, primary issuance, credit downgrade probability, and public sector employment. We find that while the announcement of the liquidity option improved overall municipal bond market functioning across the board, low-rated issuers additionally benefited from direct access: low-rated government bonds traded at higher prices and were issued more frequently on private markets with facility access. This suggests the presence of a credit-risk sharing channel on top of the Fed’s role as liquidity-provider of last resort. In contrast to investors, local governments responded to the liquidity option by retaining a greater share of public sector employees across the entire ratings distribution.The results imply municipal debt markets and employment outcomes would likely have been more distressed absent the MLF, and are consistent with the view that large government furloughs might have over-weighted the worst possible outcomes based on past experience.","PeriodicalId":198334,"journal":{"name":"Labor: Personnel Economics eJournal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129669955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Consuming Contests: Outcome Uncertainty and Spectator Demand for Contest-based Entertainment 消费竞赛:结果不确定性和观众对竞赛娱乐的需求

Labor: Personnel Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2021-02-07 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3783339

Patrick J. Ferguson, K. Lakhani

引用次数: 4

A Gap, B Gap, Economic Gap: How Athletic Scholarships Force Student-Athletes into Non-Lucrative Majors 差距，差距，经济差距:体育奖学金如何迫使学生运动员进入不赚钱的专业

Labor: Personnel Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2021-01-27 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3774425

Joshua L. Holmes

引用次数: 0

Awards Are Career Catalysts for Young Talents in Highly Competitive Job Markets 在竞争激烈的就业市场中，奖项是年轻人才的职业催化剂

Labor: Personnel Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3758520

Florian Bünning, H. F. Chan, Sascha L. Schmidt, Dominik Schreyer, B. Torgler

引用次数: 0

Innovation as a Firm-Level Factor of the Gender Wage Gap 创新是影响性别工资差距的企业层面因素

Labor: Personnel Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2020-12-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3756783

J. Masso, Priit Vahter

{"title":"Innovation as a Firm-Level Factor of the Gender Wage Gap","authors":"J. Masso, Priit Vahter","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3756783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3756783","url":null,"abstract":"PurposeThis paper investigates the relationship of both technological (product and process) and non-technological (organizational and marketing) innovation with the gender wage gap at firms.Design/methodology/approachUsing employer–employee level data from Estonia, the authors estimate Mincerian wage equations, in order to show how innovation at the firm level is associated with the gender wage gap. Next, the authors use propensity score matching (PSM) to study the effects of the movement of men and women into innovative firms, how this shapes the gender wage gap at firms.FindingsThe authors find that both technological and non-technological innovation are associated with a larger gender wage gap at firms. The relationship between innovation and the contemporaneous gender wage gap at firms reflects to a significant extent the different selection of men and women with different time-invariant characteristics to innovative firms. Further, the authors find that movement of men and women to work at innovative firms is in longer term associated with larger gains in wages for men. The authors also observe that the relationship of innovation with gender wage gap is stronger in the case of women with children.Originality/valueMuch of the prior analysis focuses on the effects of technological innovation on gender-related labour market outcomes. The authors show here that the relationship of innovation at firms with higher gender wage gap is not only specific to technological innovation, but is more general, and is observed across different types of innovation indicators, including non-technological innovation. This study's results suggest that the effects of innovation on gender wage gap may reflect to an extent the higher demand for flexibility of employees for work purposes at innovative firms, which may increase the gender wage gap, especially between men and women with children.","PeriodicalId":198334,"journal":{"name":"Labor: Personnel Economics eJournal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124543631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Internet Appendix for CEO Employee Approval and Firm Value: Evidence From Employees' Choice Awards CEO员工认可与企业价值:来自员工选择奖的证据

Labor: Personnel Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2020-12-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3545503

Spencer Barnes

引用次数: 0

Weekend Work and Work-Family Conflict: Evidence from Australian Panel Data 周末工作与工作-家庭冲突:来自澳大利亚面板数据的证据

Labor: Personnel Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2020-11-25 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3737254

Inga Laß, M. Wooden

{"title":"Weekend Work and Work-Family Conflict: Evidence from Australian Panel Data","authors":"Inga Laß, M. Wooden","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3737254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3737254","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This paper investigates whether weekend work is associated with higher levels of work-family conflict (WFC) among parents, and whether resources like schedule control or presence of a partner mitigate this effect. Background: The 24/7 economy requires many workers to work on weekends. Nevertheless, research on the impact of weekend work on families, and on WFC in particular, is underdeveloped, with previous studies relying on cross-sectional data and small samples. Method: Associations between regular weekend work and a measure of WFC are examined using data from fourteen waves of the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey. The sample is restricted to workers aged 18 to 64 years with parenting responsibilities for children aged 17 or less (7,753 individuals, 40,216 observations). Both pooled ordinary least squares and fixed-effects regression models are estimated. Results: Among both genders, weekend workers have significantly higher levels of WFC than those who only work weekdays. WFC is particularly high for those who work weekends and simultaneously have little control over their schedule. And whereas WFC is generally higher for single parents, weekend work affects WFC similarly for couple and single parents. Conclusion: Weekend work generally has a detrimental effect on workers’ ability to combine employment with parenting commitments. However, work-domain resources like schedule control can buffer the impact of weekend work. ","PeriodicalId":198334,"journal":{"name":"Labor: Personnel Economics eJournal","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122998656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Labor Unions and Product Quality: A Case Study of the U.S. Airline Industry 工会与产品质量:以美国航空业为例

Labor: Personnel Economics eJournal Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3734055

Q. Ge, Donggeun Kim, Myongjin Kim

引用次数: 0