Pediatric Surgery International最新文献

{"title":"The long-term follow-up outcomes and transition rates across seven representative pediatric congenital surgical conditions: disease severity drives follow-up retention.","authors":"Yumiko Tabata, Toshio Harumatsu, Yudai Tsuruno, Ayaka Nagano, Koshiro Sugita, Nanako Nishida, Chihiro Kedoin, Masakazu Murakami, Keisuke Yano, Shun Onishi, Koji Yamada, Waka Yamada, Makoto Matsukubo, Ryuta Masuya, Takafumi Kawano, Tatsuru Kaji, Satoshi Ieiri","doi":"10.1007/s00383-026-06640-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00383-026-06640-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Patients with congenital surgical conditions require lifelong follow-up. However, the transition from pediatric to adult care remains poorly established. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term follow-up outcomes and transition rates of seven pediatric congenital surgical conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-institution retrospective study included 337 patients born before 2008 who underwent surgery for esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF-EA, n = 30), choledochal cyst (CC, n = 53), biliary atresia (BA, n = 62), Hirschsprung's disease (HD, n = 60), high/intermediate anorectal malformation (ARM, n = 56), low ARM (n = 69), and cloacal malformation (Cloaca, n = 7). Follow-up outcomes and transition status were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 146 patients (43%) were lost to the follow-up, and only 10 (3%) achieved formal transition. The lost to follow-up rates were highest in High/Int ARM (61%), HD (55%), and Low ARM (54%), with median last visit ages of 15.0, 5.5, and 7.6 years. Conversely, BA (21%) and cloacal (0%) anomalies demonstrated low attrition despite early surgical ages, suggesting that disease severity drives follow-up retention. One patient with Cloaca who disengaged from follow-up died from a urinary tract infection at 35 years old.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Follow-up attrition was paradoxically the highest among patients with favorable postoperative outcomes. Targeted transition programs focusing on ARM and HD populations are urgently needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19832,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Surgery International","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148990839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison between an early- and a late frenulotomy for neonates with problematic tongue-tie.","authors":"Junsujee Wakhanrittee, Jiraporn Khorana, Siriphut Kiatipunsodsai","doi":"10.1007/s00383-026-06645-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00383-026-06645-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare breastfeeding outcomes between early and late frenulotomy in infants with problematic tongue-tie to determine optimal intervention timing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Conducted over two years at Thammasat University Hospital, this prospective cohort study divided mother-infant pairs into an early group (n = 103; <72 h postpartum) and a late group (n = 123; 7-14 days postpartum). Primary outcomes focused on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) success at three months of age, while secondary outcomes measured LATCH scores improvement, pain reduction, and weight regain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups showed significant postoperative improvements. Median LATCH scores increased from 5 to 6 to 9, and latching pain decreased significantly within one week. However, the early group demonstrated a significantly higher EBF rate at three months (78.64% vs. 66.67%). Using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW), early frenulotomy was associated with a higher likelihood of EBF success (RR = 1.60; p < 0.001) and superior pain reduction (RR = 1.33). No significant differences were observed in weight regain or LATCH score between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For infants with symptomatic tongue-tie, performing a frenulotomy within 72 h of birth provides greater benefits in terms of EBF success and latching pain reduction compared to delayed intervention, suggesting early correction is the preferred clinical approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":19832,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Surgery International","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Irrigation performance of a 2-mm rigid cystoscope designed for neonatal cystoscopy: a bench study.","authors":"Akio Kawami, Takahiro Jimbo, Tomohiro Aoyama, Kouji Masumoto","doi":"10.1007/s00383-026-06636-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00383-026-06636-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Neonatal and infant cystoscopy is limited by narrow urethral caliber and the lack of sufficiently small cystoscopes with adequate irrigation. We developed a 2-mm (6 Fr) rigid cystoscope prototype and evaluated irrigation performance in a benchtop open-flow system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The prototype incorporated a 0.9-mm optical channel, a 0.7-mm working channel, and two irrigation lumens (0.48 mm each). Irrigation performance was assessed under gravity and cuff-assisted irrigation, including temperature-controlled experiments. The maximum cuff pressure of 300 mmHg was used as an upper-bound bench condition and was not intended to represent a recommended clinical setting. Outflow was measured gravimetrically, and mean flow was calculated over 60 s.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Gravity irrigation yielded 2.12-8.50 mL/min. Cuff-assisted irrigation increased flow from 17.39 mL/min at 150 mmHg to 40.40 mL/min at 300 mmHg (p < 0.001). At 300 mmHg, warming saline from 20 °C to 37 °C increased flow from 27.49 to 40.40 mL/min (p < 0.001). Probe insertion reduced flow by 4.4% (p = 0.157).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 2-mm rigid cystoscope achieved flows up to 40.4 mL/min, within the benchmark range adopted for this benchtop evaluation. These findings support benchtop technical feasibility of the irrigation design. Clinical safety and recommended irrigation pressures remain to be established in closed-system and in vivo studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19832,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Surgery International","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of primary tumor resection on survival in high-risk neuroblastoma: a long-term single-center study.","authors":"Naonori Kawakubo, Junnosuke Maniwa, Yukihiro Toriigahara, Takuya Kondo, Atsuhisa Fukuta, Yoshiaki Takahashi, Shunsuke Yamamoto, Kentaro Nakashima, Utako Oba, Koichiro Yoshimaru, Kouji Nagata, Junko Miyata, Toshiharu Matsuura, Yasunari Sakai, Tatsuro Tajiri","doi":"10.1007/s00383-026-06641-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00383-026-06641-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The prognostic value of primary tumor resection in high-risk neuroblastoma (HrNB) remains controversial. While several Western studies have suggested a survival benefit of complete resection, our institution has not observed a clear association. We therefore evaluated the long-term impact of surgical resection, particularly the extent of resection, in HrNB over four decades.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed 64 consecutive patients with HrNB treated at our center between 1985 and 2023. Patients were classified into complete resection and incomplete/no resection groups. In the more recent cohort (2007-2023), outcomes were also compared between patients who underwent resection and those who did not. Overall survival (OS) and causes of death were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 64 patients, 11 underwent no resection, 28 incomplete resection, and 25 complete resection. Five-year OS did not differ significantly between the complete and incomplete/no resection groups (57.4% vs. 53.0%). PBSCT-stratified analyses showed similar results. In the more recent cohort (n = 34), five-year OS was comparable between non-resection and resection groups (72.0% vs. 71.5%). A > 20% reduction in primary tumor diameter after induction chemotherapy was strongly associated with better survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Some HrNB patients can achieve favorable survival without surgical resection, supporting individualized surgical strategies and prospective multi-institutional validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19832,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Surgery International","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterogeneity of necrotizing enterocolitis associated with congenital heart disease: a comparative study of preoperative and postoperative clinical phenotypes.","authors":"Shoma Koga, Ko Miyazaki, Akihiko Tamaki, Ayako Kuraoka, Hazumu Nagata, Makoto Hayashida","doi":"10.1007/s00383-026-06646-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00383-026-06646-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To characterize the clinical differences between pre- and postoperative congenital heart disease (CHD)-associated necrotizing enterocolitis (CHD-NEC) and to explore whether these entities represent distinct clinical phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with NEC episodes at our institution were retrospectively reviewed, and the NEC episodes were classified as classical NEC, preoperative CHD-NEC, or postoperative CHD-NEC. Clinical characteristics, clinical severity, laboratory data, detection triggers, and hemodynamic background at NEC onset were compared among groups. An exploratory subgroup analysis of postoperative CHD-NEC was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This analysis included 55 NEC episodes in 47 infants, comprising 7 classical NEC, 15 preoperative CHD-NEC, and 33 postoperative CHD-NEC. Preoperative CHD-NEC was associated with a higher perforation rate (26.7% vs. 3.0%), a lower pH (7.35 vs. 7.44), higher lactate levels (26.5 vs. 11.5 mg/dL), and lower antithrombin III levels (51.0% vs. 81.0%) compared with postoperative CHD-NEC. Postoperative CHD-NEC was more often detected on imaging findings, including portal venous gas on ultrasonography (24.2% vs. 0.0%). Meanwhile, preoperative CHD-NEC was more often identified after the onset of a bloody stool (80.0% vs. 42.4%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CHD-NEC may not be a uniform entity. However, preoperative CHD-NEC and postoperative CHD-NEC differ in terms of clinical severity, detection patterns, and hemodynamic background.</p>","PeriodicalId":19832,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Surgery International","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical management of fecal incontinence following anorectal malformation repair.","authors":"Murong Wang, Meng Wang, Siqi Li, Long Li","doi":"10.1007/s00383-026-06639-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00383-026-06639-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate surgical outcomes in children undergoing secondary procedures for fecal incontinence after repair of anorectal malformations (ARMs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed pediatric patients with fecal incontinence after ARM repair who underwent surgical intervention at Capital Institute of Pediatrics and Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital between July 2017 and June 2025. Bowel function was compared before and after surgery using the Rintala score and Krickenbeck classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two children underwent reoperation, including 19 males and 3 females. Surgical indications included anal malposition (n = 11, 50.0%), patulous anus (n = 10, 45.5%), rectal prolapse (n = 7, 31.8%), fistula recurrence (n = 2, 9.1%), megacolon (n = 2, 9.1%), and anal stenosis (n = 2, 9.1%). Procedures included isolated or combined sphincter reconstruction and laparoscopic Malone appendicostomy. At a median follow-up of 3.2 years, 18 patients (82%) showed improved Rintala scores. Krickenbeck assessment demonstrated improved soiling control (P = 0.0005) and increased voluntary bowel movements (P = 0.016).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Surgical correction of residual anatomical defects was associated with partial improvement in bowel function in selected children with fecal incontinence after ARM repair, but normal continence was uncommon. Malone appendicostomy or structured bowel management may be preferable in patients with poor sphincteric or neuromuscular reserve.</p>","PeriodicalId":19832,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Surgery International","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of life and psychosocial functioning in children with pectus carinatum undergoing orthotic rehabilitation: child- and parent-reported outcomes.","authors":"Müzeyyen Beydeş, Yunis Akkaş, Naime Uluğ, Senem Güner","doi":"10.1007/s00383-026-06647-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00383-026-06647-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pectus carinatum is a visible chest wall deformity that commonly affects children and adolescents and may have significant psychosocial and quality of life implications. Orthotic bracing is widely used as a conservative treatment approach; however, research focusing on participant(s) -reported outcomes during orthotic treatment remain limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 50 children with pectus carinatum undergoing orthotic brace treatment and their parents. Quality of life, body image perception, psychosocial functioning, treatment motivation, and physical limitations were assessed using the Pectus Carinatum Body Image and Quality of Life (PeCBI-QOL) questionnaire, incorporating both child- and parent-reported forms. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were performed to explore relationships among subscales and agreement between child and parent reports.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Female participants reported higher body image disturbance and social disadvantage compared to males. Treatment motivation scores were high across both sexes, while physical limitation scores were low, indicating minimal perceived functional restriction during orthotic treatment. Significant positive correlations were observed between body image disturbance and social disadvantage, particularly among female participants. Strong correlations were found between child- and parent-reported body image disturbance and treatment motivation scores, demonstrating substantial agreement between perspectives.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children with pectus carinatum undergoing orthotic treatment experience notable body image and psychosocial concerns, especially females, which coexist with high treatment motivation and minimal physical limitation. The strong concordance between child and parent reports highlights the importance of incorporating family perspectives into the assessment of quality of life. These findings support a holistic, biopsychosocial approach to the conservative management of pediatric pectus carinatum.</p>","PeriodicalId":19832,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Surgery International","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of long-term outcomes and nutritional status between primary and non-primary fascial closure in omphalocele.","authors":"Poohpathra Burapharat, Nimmita Srisan, Kanokrat Thaiwatcharamas, Patchareeporn Tanming, Dolrudee Aroonsaeng, Paisarn Vejchapipat, Sinobol Chusilp","doi":"10.1007/s00383-026-06642-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00383-026-06642-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Operative strategies for omphalocele vary, and long-term outcomes remain limited. We aimed to compare postoperative and long-term outcomes of omphalocele repair with primary versus non-primary fascial closure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study of omphalocele at 2 institutions between 2006 and 2021 was conducted. After excluding patients with genetic disorders and severe associated anomalies, 41 patients (15 primary fascial and 26 non-primary fascial closures) were reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although there were no significant differences in defect size or liver herniation, non-primary fascial closure was significantly associated with a concomitant non-cyanotic cardiac anomaly. Time to first enteral feeding and length of hospital stay were significantly longer in non-primary fascial closure. For long-term outcomes, non-primary fascial closure was associated with significantly higher rates of failure to thrive during infancy (76% vs. 40%) and toddlerhood (62.5% vs. 23.1%). However, there were no significant differences in ventral hernia, respiratory, or neurodevelopmental problems.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Non-primary fascial closure is associated with higher rates of failure to thrive, underscoring need for long-term follow-up of nutritional status; however, the higher incidence of cardiac anomalies in this group may reflect a bias toward selecting this closure technique. When feasible and not complicated, primary fascial closure might be preferred option for omphalocele.</p>","PeriodicalId":19832,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Surgery International","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective microvessel density profiling across severity of hypospadias: understanding preputial tissue angiogenic deficit and the impact of preoperative testosterone stimulation.","authors":"Vikesh Agrawal, Ramesh Babu, Leena Dennis Joseph, Pawan Agarwal, P S Muthu Subramanian, Neeta Bhatiya, Rohit Harchandani","doi":"10.1007/s00383-026-06638-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00383-026-06638-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vascular adequacy of preputial tissue is a critical determinant of successful hypospadias repair. Previous studies have suggested reduced microvessel density (MVD) in hypospadias, but evidence is limited by heterogeneity and lack of standardized prospective data. This study aimed to evaluate MVD across hypospadias severity and assess the impact of preoperative testosterone stimulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective observational study was conducted including children with distal and proximal hypospadias along with controls. Standardized dorsal preputial biopsies were analyzed using CD34 immunohistochemistry. MVD was quantified as vessels per high-power field (HPF). Proximal cases were analyzed separately based on testosterone exposure. Non-parametric statistical comparisons were performed between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MVD demonstrated a stepwise decline from control (45.4 ± 4.3 vessels/HPF) to distal (33.1 ± 7.4) and proximal hypospadias without testosterone (12.5 ± 3.7) (p < 0.0001). Testosterone significantly increased MVD in proximal cases (45.7 ± 10.8), restoring values to near-control levels (p = 0.48). Skin necrosis occurred in 6 cases and was associated with significantly lower MVD (12.2 ± 2.3 vs. 27.1 ± 3.2, p < 0.05). Three such cases progressed to urethrocutaneous fistula.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hypospadias is associated with a severity-dependent angiogenic deficit, most pronounced in proximal cases. Preoperative testosterone significantly enhances MVD, suggesting a modifiable microvascular component. Reduced MVD correlates with adverse outcomes, supporting its potential role as a predictive biomarker to reduce morbidity. Further longitudinal studies correlating MVD with surgical outcomes are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19832,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Surgery International","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148977688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of peritoneal fluid culture findings on postoperative outcomes in pediatric patients with complicated appendicitis.","authors":"Wataru Kudo, Tetsuya Mitsunaga, Shugo Komatsu, Satoru Oita, Yunosuke Kawaguchi, Katsuhiro Nishimura, Genta Ozeki, Tomoro Hishiki","doi":"10.1007/s00383-026-06624-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00383-026-06624-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Intraoperative peritoneal cultures for pediatric complicated appendicitis (CA) are important for informing postoperative antibiotic strategies. However, the specific impact of individual bacterial species remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the association between peritoneal fluid culture findings and postoperative length of stay.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed the cases of 63 pediatric patients with CA, treated with appendectomy between 2018 and 2025, with peritoneal fluid samples submitted for bacterial culture. We extracted clinical data from medical records retrospectively and performed regression analyses to identify postoperative hospitalization-associated factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 63 patients, bacterial growth was observed in 46 (73.0%). Univariable analysis revealed significant associations between postoperative stay and C-reactive protein levels, perforation, and the number of detected bacteria. Specifically, Prevotella nigrescens, Escherichia coli, Parvimonas micra, and Streptococcus anginosus were associated with prolonged hospitalization. Among these, only P. nigrescens was not significantly associated with C-reactive protein levels, perforation, or number of detected bacteria, whereas the other 3 bacteria exhibited significant associations across certain parameters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Peritoneal fluid culture findings are associated with postoperative hospitalization in pediatric CA. Specific bacterial species may be associated with variations in postoperative outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19832,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Surgery International","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148956308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}