Pediatric Research最新文献

{"title":"Effects of dog ownership on children's social-emotional development: findings from the PLAYCE cohort study.","authors":"Emma K Adams, Kevin Murray, Hayley E Christian","doi":"10.1038/s41390-024-03721-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41390-024-03721-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dog ownership is common in families with children and could play a role in children's social-emotional development. This study used longitudinal data on dog ownership and changing dog ownership to investigate their effects on young children's social-emotional development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Parents reported family dog ownership when their child was aged 2-5 years and at 5-7 years. Children (n = 591) were assigned to a dog ownership group by combining their current and prior dog ownership status. The parent-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) measured children's social-emotional development at 5-7 years. Analyses included linear, Poisson, and logistic regression and adjusted for socio-demographic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Girls who acquired a dog had significantly higher peer problems scores than non-dog owner girls (exp(β) = 1.8; 95% CI 1.3, 2.6). Boys who acquired a dog had significantly lower peer problems scores than continuing non-dog owner boys (exp(β) = 0.5; 95% CI 0.3, 0.8). There were no other significant effects observed between dog ownership group and SDQ scores or the odds of having abnormal scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, changing or continuing dog ownership status had minimal impact on young children's social-emotional development. Future longitudinal research should examine the effects of dog ownership on child development by family characteristics and attachment to the dog.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Dog acquisition was associated with higher peer problems for girls and lower peer problems for boys, but not the odds of having abnormal peer problems scores. Dog acquisition, dog loss, and continuing dog ownership status were not associated with other measure of social-emotional development. This study used longitudinal data to examine effects of dog ownership on child development. Overall, changing or continuing dog ownership status had minimal impact on young children's social-emotional development. Since dog ownership is selected into, longitudinal research is needed to confirm if changes in children's social-emotional development occur following changes in dog ownership.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-strain probiotic administration decreases necrotizing enterocolitis severity and alters the epigenetic profile in mice.","authors":"Daphne H Klerk, Hannah Moore, Daniel J Scheese, Cody Tragesser, Zachariah Raouf, Johannes W Duess, Koichi Tsuboi, Maame E Sampah, Carla M Lopez, Sierra Williams-McLeod, Mahmoud G El Baassiri, Hee-Seong Jang, Thomas Prindle, Sanxia Wang, Menghan Wang, William B Fulton, Chhinder P Sodhi, David J Hackam","doi":"10.1038/s41390-024-03716-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-024-03716-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Probiotic administration may decrease the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) through mechanisms that are largely unknown. We investigated the effects of probiotics on intestinal epigenetics and assessed their effects on intestinal inflammation and motility using both ileum-predominant and combined ileo-colitis mouse NEC models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>C57BL/6 J mice were gavage-fed a multi-strain probiotic from postnatal days 3-11, consisting of B. infantis, B. lactis, and S. thermophilus. From p8, mice were exposed to ileo-colitis NEC involving formula containing NEC bacteria and 0.5% DSS. DNA methylation was measured using the Infinium Methylation Assay. Gastrointestinal motility was assessed by 70 Kd FITC-dextran transit time. Probiotic colonization was measured in probiotic-fed mice by qPCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Probiotic administration caused significant changes in the small intestine's epigenetic signature, a reduction in NEC severity, and improved intestinal motility. The effects of probiotics were more pronounced in the ileo-colitis NEC model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings shed light on the role of probiotics in two clinically relevant models of NEC, add additional insights into their underlying mechanism of action, and reveal unanticipated epigenetic modifications to the intestinal mucosa after their use.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>These findings shed light on the role of multi-strain probiotics in two clinically relevant animal models of NEC, and add additional insights into their underlying mechanism of action This study provides a new, clinically relevant model for the study of NEC including administration of 0.5% DSS, to include ileal dominant and ileo-colonic dominant phenotypes of the disease. These results reveal that clinically relevant strains of probiotic bacteria can exert epigenetic effects on the small intestine in mice, and can attenuate the epigenetic changes induced by NEC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Treatment Evaluation of Anaphylaxis in Children Aged 0-2 Years: Multicenter Study.","authors":"Ahmet Selmanoglu, Idil Akay Haci, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Koc, Yuksel Kavas Yildiz, Ebru Arik Yilmaz, Dilek Azkur, Semiha Bahceci Erdem, Hakan Guvenir, Deniz Ozceker, Belgin Usta Guc, Aylin Kont Ozhan, Ayca Demir, Fazıl Orhan, Emine Vezir, Demet Can, Muge Toyran, Ersoy Civelek, Emine Dibek Mısırlıoglu","doi":"10.1038/s41390-024-03720-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41390-024-03720-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diagnosing anaphylaxis in children within the first 2 years of life can be difficult due to the often confusing and nonspecific signs and symptoms.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study focuses on the phenotype of anaphylaxis in children within the first 2 years of life and aims to increase awareness of anaphylaxis in this age group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included children between 0 and 2 years who were diagnosed as having anaphylaxis by pediatric allergists in 11 tertiary hospitals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 402 anaphylaxis episodes experienced by 360 patients (68.7% males) were included in the study. Food was the most common causative agent (n = 374, 93%), with the most common foods being cow's milk (n = 179, 44.6%). Drugs were the second most common trigger (n = 15, 3.7%). The most common clinical findings were cutaneous (95%) and respiratory (72%); nonspecific symptoms such as weakness (n = 63, 15.6%) and hoarseness (n = 14, 3.4%) were also reported. There was a biphasic course in 3 infants (0.8%). Only 3 of the 41 parents who had an adrenaline autoinjector used it during anaphylaxis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Infants experience anaphylaxis most often when they are at home with their mothers, and the most common triggers are foods, particularly cow's milk and egg. Greater awareness of anaphylaxis symptoms and autoinjector use among mothers can facilitate management.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Infant anaphylaxis cases may present with different symptoms compared to classic presentations, potentially leading to diagnostic oversight. The study elucidates the clinical course of anaphylaxis in children under 2 years of age. It details the treatment strategies employed in managing these cases. Anaphylaxis triggers were identified over several years. Cases from 11 regions of Turkey were included, representing a population reflective of national data. The study highlights the distinctiveness of anaphylaxis cases in children within the first 2 years of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of everyday factors in pediatric neurodevelopment.","authors":"Eric S Peeples, Cynthia F Bearer, Eleanor J Molloy, Sarah B Kandil","doi":"10.1038/s41390-024-03748-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41390-024-03748-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut microbiota-derived TMAO and SIRT1/HMGB1 Axis: unveiling mechanisms of renal impairment in beta-thalassemia major.","authors":"Khaled Saad, Nancy Alaa Elgalaly, Ahmad Roshdy Ahmad, Amira Elhoufey, Hutaf Abdulhadi Jaber, Anas Elgenidy","doi":"10.1038/s41390-024-03747-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41390-024-03747-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What's hot in neonatal respiratory monitoring?","authors":"Emma Williams, Theodore Dassios","doi":"10.1038/s41390-024-03746-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-024-03746-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Impact: </strong>Respiratory monitoring is an essential part of routine clinical care of the newborn. Recent technological developments have improved respiratory monitoring and allowed for a two-way interaction between the monitored parameter and the level of the provided respiratory support. We herein discuss applications of monitoring by neurally adjusted ventilatory assist, closed-loop oxygen control, tidal capnography, lung ultrasound, diaphragmatic electromyography and lung magnetic resonance imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"For short-segment Hirschsprung disease, daily trans-anal irrigation before pull-through surgery is necessary?","authors":"Hang Lu, Jie Tang, Changgui Lu, Wei Li, Weibing Tang","doi":"10.1038/s41390-024-03730-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-024-03730-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the role of daily trans-anal irrigation (TAI) before pull-through surgery in preventing Hirschsprung disease-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) and improving other clinical outcomes in short-segment Hirschsprung disease (HSCR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled the children with short-segment HSCR who received primary pull-through surgery from February 2012 to August 2019 at our hospital. They were divided into two groups. Daily TAI group: daily TAI once diagnosed until undergoing surgery. Non-daily TAI group: anal dilation or glycerine enema, supplemented with TAI if these were noneffective. HAEC, nutritional status at surgery, postoperative rehabilitation, and long-term defecation function were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 191 children were enrolled, 147 in the Daily TAI group and 44 others. 44 pairs of children were successfully matched by 1:1 propensity score matching. In all, 10 (11.36%) of the 88 children developed HAEC, 5 (5/44, 11.36%) in the Daily TAI group and 5 (5/44, 11.36%) in another, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ² = 0.000, p = 1.000). Besides, there was no significant difference in the nutritional status at surgery, postoperative rehabilitation indicators, and the defecation function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For children with short-segment HSCR, preoperative daily TAI had no significant advantage over non-daily TAI in preventing HAEC and improving other clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>For children with short-segment Hirschsprung disease, one or more times trans-anal irrigations (TAI) per day before pull-through surgery may not be necessary. Daily TAI had no significant advantage over non-daily TAI in preventing preoperative and postoperative HAEC. Whether to receive daily TAI before surgery did not affect postoperative recovery and long-term defecation function.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of whole blood essential metals with neurodevelopment among preschool children.","authors":"Ying Shen, Wanting Zhang, Huyi Jin, Fanjia Guo, Mingjuan Jin, Guangdi Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41390-024-03729-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-024-03729-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Essential metals may play roles in neurodevelopment. The aim was to evaluate the associations of magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) levels with neurodevelopment among preschool children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The medical records of eligible children enrolled between January 2019 and July 2022 were retrospectively reviewed for required information. The quantitative measurement of metals was conducted using atomic absorption spectroscopy, while screening of neurodevelopment was performed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire. Modified Poisson regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) analyses were used to evaluate the prevalence ratio (PR) of their independent and joint associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>662 (14.8%) children were found to have possible neurodevelopmental delays. Modified Poisson regression showed that Mg, Cu, and Zn levels were independently and negatively associated with the risk of neurodevelopmental delay. The PRs (95% CIs) for per log₂ increment of the above metals were 0.35 (0.19-0.62), 0.57 (0.42-0.77), and 0.63 (0.42-0.96). These negative associations were more pronounced in the gross motor and personal-social domains while considering the concrete five domains. BKMR showed a negative association of metal mixture with the risk of neurodevelopmental delay.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mg, Cu, and Zn were inversely associated with neurodevelopmental delay. Sufficient essential metal levels are important for neurodevelopment.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Essential metals play a key role in neurodevelopment. The association of essential metal mixture with neurodevelopment is relatively scarce. Preschool children with possible neurodevelopmental delay are found to have lower Mg, Cu, and Zn levels than their counterparts. Single Mg, Cu, Zn levels, and elevated essential metal mixture are negatively associated with the risk of possible neurodevelopmental delay.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal analysis of urinary I-FABP in extremely preterm infants that develop necrotizing enterocolitis.","authors":"Jennifer B Fundora, Darla R Shores, Allen D Everett, Lisa R Yanek, Frances J Northington, Maureen M Gilmore","doi":"10.1038/s41390-024-03737-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-024-03737-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) is an intestinal epithelial protein detectable in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The longitudinal behavior of I-FABP following NEC or its association with gastrointestinal or neurodevelopmental outcomes is unknown.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this secondary analysis of the Preterm Erythropoietin Neuroprotection Trial, we compared infants with and without NEC. Urine I-FABP concentrations in matched infants (n = 70) were measured serially using ELISA and compared using paired analysis. In infants with NEC, the associations of I-FABP levels with short-term outcomes and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 22-26 months corrected age were determined using non-parametric analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Infants with NEC were more likely to have cholestasis, death or severe neurodevelopmental impairment, cerebral palsy, and lower Bayley-III motor scores. Baseline urinary I-FABP levels were similar between groups. When compared to controls, infants with NEC had urinary I-FABP concentrations that were higher at diagnosis (median 11 vs 2.6 ng/ml, p = 0.006) and lower post-NEC (median 1 vs 5 ng/ml, p = 0.002). Diagnosis I-FABP levels were not associated with gastrointestinal or neurodevelopmental outcomes at 22-26 months corrected age.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In extremely preterm infants, urinary I-FABP was elevated at NEC diagnosis and lower post-NEC compared to matched controls. I-FABP levels were not associated with adverse gastrointestinal or neurodevelopmental outcomes.</p><p><strong>Impact: </strong>Urinary intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) levels are increased at diagnosis of NEC and fall to below baseline after NEC in extremely preterm infants. Urine I-FABP levels at NEC diagnosis are not associated with cholestasis, intestinal stricture or obstruction, need for additional intestinal surgery after NEC, or neurodevelopmental outcomes at 22-26 months corrected age. Urine I-FABP levels may be useful in the diagnosis of NEC. Diagnostic I-FABP levels do not predict short-term gastrointestinal or neurodevelopmental outcomes after NEC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ECI biocommentary: Samuel J. Gentle.","authors":"Samuel J Gentle","doi":"10.1038/s41390-024-03739-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-024-03739-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19829,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}