Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of Gel from Andaliman Fruit (<i>Zanthoxylum acanthopodium</i> DC.) Extract on Wound Inflammation.","authors":"Elsa Izza Sabila, Annisa Ayu Ramadhani, Hanif Fadhilah, Balqis Nur Nasution, Fathiya, Putri Cahaya Situmorang","doi":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.142.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2024.142.151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Pain is caused by damaged tissue on the outside or inside of an organ and it is regulated by chemicals. Synthetic drugs are used to ease pain because they are analgesics in the field of medicine. Traditional medicine is known to help people all over the world, in both rich and developing nations. The Andaliman fruit, or &lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt; DC., comes from a spice plant that grows naturally in Toba Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. This study aims to determine the formulation of the nanoherbal analgesic spray gel preparation of Andaliman fruit (&lt;i&gt;Zanthoxylum acanthopodium&lt;/i&gt; DC.) in terms of its effectiveness as a pain reliever. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; There were three amounts of spray gel made, namely 5, 10 and 15% and tests were done to see how well they worked. &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt; bacteria were used in the bacterial blocking test. To test how well painkillers worked, five groups of mice were used. Using a hot iron, tests for anti-inflammatory activity and wound healing were done. The tissue was then watched for 14 days and analysed using Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) stains. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The 15% concentration reduces pain and the time it takes for the body to respond to it. The clear zone size is the same as (K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) and it can lower the number of inflammatory cells and help wounds heal by adding fibroblast and collagen cells. These findings are supported by significant data results (p<0.05, p = 0.018). &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Finally, analgesic gel spray made from the Andaliman fruit at a 15% concentration can help with pain and also be antibacterial, reduce inflammation and help wounds heal.&lt;/p&gt.</p>","PeriodicalId":19800,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"27 3","pages":"142-151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140865076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties of 1,3-Dihydroxy-,2', 2'-Dimethylpyrano-(5,6)-Xanthone from Streptomyces sp. SU84","authors":"Thongchai Taechowisa, T. Chuen-Im, Waya S. Phutdhawon","doi":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.132.141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2024.132.141","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19800,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"47 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140455190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Doxorubicin, doxorubicinol, cardiotoxicity, breast cancer, volumetric absorptive microsampling, LC-MS/MS","authors":"Dian Fitri Chairunnis, Y. Harahap, Maria Juanita, N. F. Syafhan, D. Purwanto","doi":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.125.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/pjbs.2024.125.131","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19800,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"211 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140456052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant Activities of Stem, Leaves and Fruits Extracts of Pepino (<i>Solanum muricatum</i> Aiton).","authors":"Rika Hartati, Nethania Alysia Febiana, Hegar Pramastya, Irda Fidrianny","doi":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.69.79","DOIUrl":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.69.79","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Pepino (&lt;i&gt;Solanum muricatum&lt;/i&gt; Aiton), rich with vitamin C and flavonoids, constitutes an abundant source of potent antioxidants. This research was conducted to determine antioxidant activity from three different parts of pepino based on equivalence with ascorbic acid, to analyze the relationship between total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) on antioxidant activities and to determine flavonoid compounds. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Antioxidant activities were determined using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) methods. The TPC and TFC were determined by UV-visible spectrophotometry. The correlation between TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity was analyzed using Pearson's method. Flavonoid compound content was performed by HPLC. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The ethyl acetate pepino fruit extract expressed the highest antioxidant activity by DPPH and CUPRAC assays. The highest TPC was obtained from the ethyl acetate extract of pepino stem (18.493 g GAE/(100 g)), while the highest TFC was obtained from the hexane extract of pepino leaves (9.541 g QE/(100 g)). &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; The DPPH and CUPRAC assays demonstrated that pepino exhibits potential as a source of natural antioxidants, especially in its fruit part.</p>","PeriodicalId":19800,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"27 2","pages":"69-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140185080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological Diversity and Genetic Parameter of Okra (<i>Abelmoschus esculentus</i> L. Moench) Genotypes.","authors":"Helvi Ardana Reswari, Muhamad Syukur, Arya Widura Ritonga, Waras Nurcholis","doi":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.35.45","DOIUrl":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.35.45","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Considering that the potential for okra as an anti-diabetic is very high, while okra productivity in Indonesia is still low, a plant breeding program through variety development is needed. One of the initial activities that needs to be carried out is the characterization of various genotypes, both quantitative and qualitative characters. This research aimed to obtain information on the diversity of morpho-agronomic characters in okra genotypes. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; The experiment was conducted as a randomized block design, one factor is genotype with three replications. The materials used in this research were 20 okra genotypes. The experimental units used in this research were 60 units. Each experimental unit consists of 10 sample plants. Analysis of quantitative character variations used PKBT-STAT 3.1. Cluster analysis was carried out with PBSTAT-CL 2.1.2 with the Gower dissimilarity and average linkage clustering methods. Furthermore, analysis was carried out using SAS OnDemand for Academics to see the distinguishing characteristics between clusters. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; There were differences in okra genotypes based on qualitative and quantitative characteristics. The most diverse quantitative character is the yield component, which is the fruit character. Variance in genetic and heritability showed broad and high criteria, respectively. Based on cluster analysis results, okra genotypes were grouped into 3 clusters with a cophenetic distance value of 0.40. Cluster 1 consists of 9 genotypes. Cluster 2 consists of 10 genotypes. Cluster 3 consists of 1 genotype the Red Hill Country genotype. The grouping in cluster analysis was carried out based on leaf width, number of fruits, fruit weight, fruit diameter and carpel thickness character. &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; This diversity of okra germplasm can facilitate plant breeding activities in the future by selecting genotypes to serve as parents according to the objectives carried out.</p>","PeriodicalId":19800,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"35-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oviposition Deterrent Activity of Some Wild Plants for Adult Females of <i>Chrysomya albiceps</i> with Medical and Veterinary Importance.","authors":"Usama Mohammed Abu El-Ghiet, Abdullah Mohammed Salman Alhuraysi, Tarek Mohamed Yousry Elsheikh, Mohamed Abdel-Monem El-Sakhawy","doi":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.8.17","DOIUrl":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.8.17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Chrysomya albiceps&lt;/i&gt; is widely spread worldwide, causing myiasis in both humans and animals and playing a mechanical role in the spreading of helminths, viruses and bacteria. Searching for new and safe alternative control methods is very important to eliminate the transmission of pathogens. This study aims to determine the oviposition-deterrent activity of &lt;i&gt;Juniperus procera&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Artemisia absinthium&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Rosmarinus officinalis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Hypoestes forskaolii&lt;/i&gt; wild plants against adult &lt;i&gt;Chrysomya albiceps&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; The effect of plant extracts from &lt;i&gt;Juniperus procera&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Artemisia absinthium&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Rosmarinus officinalis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Hypoestes forskaolii&lt;/i&gt; plants were tested against adult females of &lt;i&gt;Chrysomya albiceps&lt;/i&gt; for oviposition deterrent or repellency. These extracts resulted in oviposition deterrent efficacy for adult females of &lt;i&gt;C. albiceps&lt;/i&gt; based on the plant type, plant part (leaves or stems), extract type (methanol, acetone and petroleum ether) and tested dose. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The highest anti-oviposition activity against &lt;i&gt;C. albiceps&lt;/i&gt; females presented from &lt;i&gt;A. absinthium&lt;/i&gt; stems acetone extract at a dose of 1 mg cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; by 100 %, while at 0.5 mg cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; recorded remarkable repellency by 86.7% as compared with the control treatment. According to the dose-response relationship, &lt;i&gt;A. absinthium&lt;/i&gt; methanol and acetone extracts were ED&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 0.85, 0.319 mg cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (leaves) and 1.88, 0.576 mg cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (stems), followed by &lt;i&gt;J. procera&lt;/i&gt; methanol extract by 0.983 mg cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (leaves) and 0.98 mg cm&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (stems), respectively achieved highest oviposition deterrent efficiency as compared with other extracts. &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; The high repellency activities of these extracts can be utilized to stop &lt;i&gt;C. albiceps&lt;/i&gt; flies from laying eggs on wounds and transmitting myiasis diseases to humans and animals and could potentially replace pesticides used in the future control programs of flies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19800,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"8-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorating Effect of <i>Apium graveolens</i> (Celery) Extracts on IL-6 Plasma Level and Expression of Caspase 3 on Liver in Animal Model of Lead Intoxication.","authors":"Rizqa Razaqtania, Danis Pertiwi, Setyo Trisnadi, Hadi Sarosa, Titiek Kusumarawati, Chodijah, Agung Putra","doi":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.52.58","DOIUrl":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.52.58","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Lead poisoning (Pb) is a big problem because it is found in almost all objects in daily life such as vehicle fuel, water pipes, ceramics, cosmetics and others. Continuous lead exposure can increase ROS resulting in an increase in hepatic IL-6 and caspase 3 which replaces hepatic cell apoptosis. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of &lt;i&gt;Apium graveolens&lt;/i&gt; (celery) extract on plasma IL-6 and hepatic caspase 3 levels. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; This study used a post-test control group design. The research subjects were 20 Wistar rats that met the inclusion criteria and were divided into 4 groups randomly, namely (a) Sham group that had no treatment, (b) Negative control group was induced with lead acetate 200 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; body weight/day without any treatment (c) Positive control group and (d) Treated group. On the 15th day, blood was taken to check IL-6 levels and tissue was taken for liver caspase 3 examination by immunohistochemical method. Data analysis used the one-way ANOVA test and continued with the &lt;i&gt;post hoc&lt;/i&gt; LSD test. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The highest mean caspase 3 expression was in the control group 45.84±4.39 pg mL&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, while the mean of IL-6 plasma level was highest in the P1 641.33±39.72 pg mL&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; group. The Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference in IL-6 levels between the study groups (p = 0.000). The Mann-Whitney test showed a significant difference in caspase 3 levels between the study groups (p = 0.000). &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Giving celery extract 300 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; body weight/day affects plasma IL-6 and hepatic caspase 3 levels in lead acetate-induced rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":19800,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"27 2","pages":"52-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140185079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of Sugarcane Bagasse (<i>Saccharum officinarum</i> Linn.) as a Carbon Source in Biofloc System of Vaname Shrimp <i>Litopenaeus vannamei</i>.","authors":"Yunarty, Anton, Diana Putri Renitasari, Toto Hardianto, Ardana Kurniaji","doi":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.90.99","DOIUrl":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.90.99","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Vaname shrimp (&lt;i&gt;Litopenaeus vannamei&lt;/i&gt;) is one of the main economic commodities in aquaculture in the world. Biofloc is a cultivation technology that effectively improves the growth and health status of vaname shrimp. This research aimed to analyze the use of bagasse as a carbon source in the biofloc system for white shrimp cultivation. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; The shrimp used were 18 g/individual shrimp obtained from the Bone Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic Pond. Sugarcane bagasse processed from sugar factory waste was dried in an oven at 60°C and ground using a flouring machine. The research treatments included biofloc application where sugarcane bagasse played a role as a carbon source (L), biofloc application where wheat flour's role was as a carbon source (T) and control or no biofloc application (K). &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; This research showed that sugarcane bagasse could be used as a carbon source for white shrimp biofloc cultivation where the growth value tended to be the same as wheat flour. Total hemolytic count (THC) and shrimp survival in sugarcane bagasse biofloc were as good as wheat flour biofloc. Sugarcane bagasse biofloc had the same ability as wheat flour biofloc in reducing ammonia levels in the rearing media. Sugarcane bagasse biofloc had the same ability as wheat flour biofloc in reducing ammonia levels in the rearing media. The application of bagasse had no effect on temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and salinity of the rearing media because this treatment was in the optimal range for the growth of vaname shrimp. &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Sugarcane bagasse has the potential to be a carbon source in biofloc systems because it could improve growth, health status, survival and water quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":19800,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"27 2","pages":"90-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140185128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation Between a Deficiency of D3 Levels and the Development of Allergic Rhinitis.","authors":"Rojan Ghanim Mohammad Al-Allaff, Tuka Moayed Bakr Al-Sawaf","doi":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.27.34","DOIUrl":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.27.34","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disorder characterized by sneezing, runny nose, nasal congestion and lacrimation, which negatively affects the quality of life to a large extent. The study aimed to find a link between the effect of vitamin D3 levels on Immunoglobulin (IgE) levels in patients with allergic AR. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; This study included 30 patients with AR, with ages ranging from 18 to 35, of both sexes. For vitamin D levels, &lt;u&gt;>&lt;/u&gt;30 ng/mL is considered sufficient and &lt;u&gt;<&lt;/u&gt;20 ng/mL is a deficiency. The second group includes 30 people with adequate levels of vitamin D3 as a control group. All results were analyzed statistically by ANOVA, in addition to using the regression coefficient test to test the extent of the effect of D3 on the development of allergic rhinitis at a significant level of p&lt;u&gt;<&lt;/u&gt;0.05 using the SPSS program 24. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The results showed a significant decrease in the levels of vitamin D3 in the serum of the AR patients compared with the control group and a substantial increase in the levels of IgE in the serum of the AR patients compared with the control group at a significant level of p&lt;u&gt;<&lt;/u&gt;0.05. Additionally, the results showed in the regression coefficient an inverse and significant effect of vitamin D3 concentration on serum IgE levels, which is significant in terms of the p-value, which appeared equal to 0.010. By observing the value of the R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; coefficient of determination, it is clear that a change in the concentration of vitamin D3 causes 58% of the changes in IgE levels. &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; Through linear regression correlation, an inverse linear relationship emerged linking low vitamin D3 levels to increased IgE levels with an effect rate of 58%.</p>","PeriodicalId":19800,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"27-34"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139983460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective Effect of Black Seed and Lettuce Oils Against Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats.","authors":"Elsayed Hamed Ali Bakr, Areej Abdulhamid Hamdan Almuraee","doi":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.59.68","DOIUrl":"10.3923/pjbs.2024.59.68","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; The liver is one of the organs that play an essential role in the human body, including supporting metabolism, immune functions, digestive system, detoxification, storage of vitamins and other functions. This investigation aimed to study the protective effects of black seed and lettuce oil against hepatotoxicity as induced by paracetamol in experimental rats. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Twenty male Sprague-Dawley albino rats weighing 150±5 g were divided randomly into four groups (5 rats each) and distributed as follows; 1st group was controlled negative (C -ve group), 2nd group controlled positive (orally administered with 500 mg/kg b.wt., paracetamol), 3rd and 4th groups were orally administered with black seed oil and lettuce oil at a dose of 1 mL/kg b.wt., each) as a preventive dose. All rats were sacrificed and blood was collected for biochemical analysis and then statistically analyzed. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The rat administered with black seed and lettuce oils enhanced body weight gain, food intake and feed efficiency ratio. Moreover, exhibited a significant reduction in the liver enzymes AST, ALT, ALP and TBIL. Meanwhile, black seed and lettuce oils significantly improved kidney functions, lipid profiles and some immune biomarkers including creatine kinase (CK), Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH). &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; This study revealed that the oils of black seed (&lt;i&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/i&gt;) and lettuce (&lt;i&gt;Lactuca sativa&lt;/i&gt;) have a protective role in improving body weight gain, food intake, feed efficiency ratio, liver enzymes, kidney functions, lipid profiles and some immune biomarkers against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in experimental rats.</p>","PeriodicalId":19800,"journal":{"name":"Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"27 2","pages":"59-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140185127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}