Parasite最新文献

{"title":"Parasitology at the heart of the \"One Health\" concept: a longstanding alliance illustrated by cysticercosis control.","authors":"Jean Dupouy-Camet, Gholamreza Mowlavi, Negar Bizhani, Mohamed Gharbi, Pascal Boireau","doi":"10.1051/parasite/2026008","DOIUrl":"10.1051/parasite/2026008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The \"One Health\" concept, emphasizing the interdependence of human, animal, and ecosystem health, has gained renewed global attention and institutional support from the World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, United Nations Environment Program, and World Organization for Animal Health. Here we underline that some principles of parasitology are embedded in this concept. As early as the 19th century, Rudolf Virchow affirmed the unity of human and veterinary medicine, a vision long practiced by parasitologists through their multidisciplinary work on zoonotic diseases. The classical \"One Health\" triad (humans, animals, and ecosystems) closely mirrors the complex life cycles of many parasitic zoonoses, where distinct stages circulate among hosts and ecosystems. Parasitology societies worldwide have fostered collaboration among scientists, veterinarians, physicians, and other professionals, embodying some aspects of the \"One Health\" approach well before its formal recognition. Using cysticercosis as an example, this article illustrates how a multisectoral, integrated framework could support effective disease control. We argue that implementing a comprehensive \"One Health\" strategy to combat parasitic diseases requires a systemic approach that encompasses not only veterinary and human medicine, but also ecology, the social sciences, and economics. This approach must explicitly consider research objectives related not only to human and animal health, but also to ecosystem health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19796,"journal":{"name":"Parasite","volume":"33 ","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12951727/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147327048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological surveillance using anti-gSG6-P1 IgG biomarker reveals spatio-temporal dynamics of Anopheles exposure and gaps in malaria risk assessment in the Greater Mekong Subregion.","authors":"Manop Saeung, Natapong Jupatanakul, Niramon Jampeesri, Aneta Afelt, Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap, Sylvie Manguin","doi":"10.1051/parasite/2026012","DOIUrl":"10.1051/parasite/2026012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Entomological parameters such as mosquito biting rates often fail to capture variability in human behavior, thereby limiting its accuracy for assessing the population-level malaria risk. This study investigated the use of previously described Anopheles gambiae-based anti-salivary biomarker, anti-gSG6-P1, as a serological marker for Anopheles exposure, and examined key entomological, human, and environmental risk factors in Sisaket Province, Thailand. Blood samples were collected via finger prick from the same set of 184 participants across three seasons: rainy (August 2022), cool-dry (December 2022), and hot-dry (April 2023). Anti-gSG6-P1 IgG levels were quantified using ELISA. Factor Analysis of Mixed Data revealed that seasonality exerted the strongest influence on anti-gSG6-P1 IgG levels, which was likely driven by human activities, particularly the frequency of rubber tapping activity in the areas where Anopheles dirus is present. A higher frequency of rubber plot entry (5-7 days/week) significantly increased anti-gSG6-P1 IgG responses (1.08 ± 0.36) compared with the lower frequency group (0-4 days/week) (0.96 ± 0.35). Furthermore, our findings revealed the complex interplay between anti-gSG6-P1 IgG levels and the seasonality of human behavioral and vector dynamics. These factors highlight key limitations of the anti-gSG6-P1 IgG biomarker in the Greater Mekong Subregion, particularly the lack of well-characterized anti-gSG6-P1 IgG serological response kinetics in regions where predominant vector species exhibit low salivary peptide homology to An. gambiae. These findings emphasize the need for new serological tools tailored to malaria vector species present in the Subregion to improve malaria risk assessment and strengthen vector control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19796,"journal":{"name":"Parasite","volume":"33 ","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12984028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147444575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of Tunisia: updated checklist and new distribution data.","authors":"Ahmed Ouni, Adel Rhim, Youmna M'Ghirbi, Francis Schaffner, Ali Bouattour","doi":"10.1051/parasite/2026018","DOIUrl":"10.1051/parasite/2026018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the context of climate change and rapid environmental changes in the Mediterranean basin, accurate and up-to-date mosquito distribution data are essential to support the control of mosquito-borne diseases, which remain a major public health concern. Here, we report the results of intermittent, nationwide, cross-sectional mosquito sampling missions conducted in Tunisia between 2013 and 2023 to update the Culicidae checklist and document current species distribution of species. A total of 35 species were collected, compared with 49 species previously reported in the Tunisian literature. The primary malaria vectors Anopheles labranchiae and An. claviger sensu stricto were still recorded in the north, while An. multicolor and An. sergentii were found in the south, indicating that vigilance remains necessary following malaria elimination. The most abundant and widespread species were Aedes caspius, Ae. detritus, Culex perexiguus and Cx. pipiens. The latter two are recognised as vectors of pathogens such as West Nile virus and therefore require sustained surveillance. Several mosquito species previously reported in the literature were not detected during our surveys. The invasive species Ae. Albopictus, recently established in Tunisia, requires particular monitoring due to its spread to several regions of the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":19796,"journal":{"name":"Parasite","volume":"33 ","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13078122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clonorchis sinensis and cholangiocarcinoma: molecular mechanisms and biomarker advances.","authors":"Chenlin Huang, Yinjuan Wu, Aoxun Wu, Linya Huang, Shu Fang, Chunyan Xu, Tianhao Liu, Yichen Li, Xuerong Li","doi":"10.1051/parasite/2026011","DOIUrl":"10.1051/parasite/2026011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clonorchis sinensis, a common food-borne liver fluke in East Asia, is a Group 1 carcinogen strongly linked to cholangiocarcinoma. In recent years, molecular biology and multi-omics studies have revealed that this parasite drives chronic inflammation of the bile duct epithelium, epigenetic abnormalities, and the formation of precancerous lesions. Concurrently, circulating miRNAs, DNA methylation patterns, differential protein expression, metabolite profiles, and parasite-specific antigens have been proposed as potential early molecular biomarkers, which offers new avenues for the non-invasive detection of precancerous conditions. However, current research mainly remains at the laboratory stage and studies have small-scale cohorts, lacking multi-center, large-sample prospective validation and standardized detection protocols, which limits their clinical applicability. Furthermore, traditional imaging and histological methods exhibit limited sensitivity for early identification. This review aims to systematically summarize the molecular carcinogenic mechanisms associated with C. sinensis infection, recent advances in molecular biomarker research, and strategies for identifying precancerous lesions. It will particularly focus on discussing the major obstacles in clinical translation and future directions, with the goal of providing insights for early screening and prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19796,"journal":{"name":"Parasite","volume":"33 ","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13041237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147593429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxoplasma gondii as a drug for anti-tumor immunotherapy: mechanisms, challenges, and perspectives.","authors":"Jing Li, Eman E El Shanawany, Soad E Hassan, Peng-Yao Li, Jia-Hui Sun, Hong-Mei Li, Shao-Hong Lu, Xiao-Nong Zhou, Bin Zheng","doi":"10.1051/parasite/2026006","DOIUrl":"10.1051/parasite/2026006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan parasite known to infect a wide range of hosts, including humans, and is a significant cause of health issues, particularly in pregnant women and immunocompromised individuals. However, it has garnered attention for its potential in cancer treatment due to its diverse anti-cancer mechanisms. Toxoplasma gondii induces key cytokines such as IL-12 and IFN-γ, triggering robust Th1 immune responses that effectively target tumor cells. Furthermore, it modulates the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), reduces inhibitory immune cells, promotes activated immune cells, induces apoptosis in tumor cells, inhibits proliferation, and disrupts tumor angiogenesis through regulatory signaling pathways. Despite these promising antitumor attributes, significant limitations hinder its translation into clinical practice. These include strain-dependent differences in virulence and therapeutic efficacy, ethical and biosafety concerns associated with wild-type strains, limited applicability of animal data to human therapy, and the possibility that the parasite may promote tumorigenesis under certain conditions. Innovative approaches such as engineered strains for precise tumor targeting, exploitation of its bioactive agents, use as a drug carrier for brain tumors, and combination therapies with other anti-cancer modalities show promise. These advances, coupled with comprehensive cost-effectiveness assessments, present new opportunities and hope for integrating T. gondii into cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19796,"journal":{"name":"Parasite","volume":"33 ","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12875063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146126011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field efficacy assessment of a combination of afoxolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel pamoate to treat dogs naturally infested with Sarcoptes scabiei.","authors":"Loïc Antoine, Elias Papadopoulos, Georgios Sioutas, Do Yew Tan, Maxime Madder, Eric Tielemans","doi":"10.1051/parasite/2026001","DOIUrl":"10.1051/parasite/2026001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Canine sarcoptic mange, caused by Sarcoptes scabiei, is a highly contagious and intensely pruritic skin disease in dogs. It is prevalent worldwide and has zoonotic potential. Therefore, effective treatment is important to safeguard animal welfare and public health. The present clinical field study aimed to confirm the efficacy of NexGard^® Plus, an oral combination of afoxolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel pamoate, in treating dogs naturally infested with S. scabiei. It was a blinded, randomised, single-centre, negative-controlled efficacy study. Twenty naturally infested dogs were allocated into two groups: a group treated on Day 0 and Day 26/28 at the label dose, and an untreated control group. Skin scrapings were conducted similarly, once between Day -6 to 0, then on Days 26/28 and 56 for mite counts. Assessments of clinical signs were conducted at the same time intervals. In the treated group, mite infestations were reduced by 97% after the first treatment and were eliminated (100%) after the second treatment (p < 0.0005), while all dogs in the untreated control group remained infested for the whole study. Treated dogs had no pruritus, papules or crusts and clear evidence of hair regrowth by Day 56, unlike the dogs in the control group. This study demonstrated the elimination of S. scabiei mites and significant improvement of sarcoptic mange clinical signs in naturally infested dogs treated with the oral combination of afoxolaner, moxidectin and pyrantel.</p>","PeriodicalId":19796,"journal":{"name":"Parasite","volume":"33 ","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12825414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146019179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenotypic changes in natural populations of Anopheles gambiae s.l. at the onset of the long dry season in tropical savannahs of Burkina Faso, West Africa.","authors":"Wadaka Mamai, Karine Mouline, David Renault, Kevin Hidalgo, Kounbobr Roch Dabiré, Frédéric Simard","doi":"10.1051/parasite/2026010","DOIUrl":"10.1051/parasite/2026010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the tropical savannahs with long dry seasons, malaria mosquito populations virtually disappear after the drying up of breeding sites to reappear in large numbers at the onset of next rainy season. While aestivation and long-distance migration are proposed as key strategies enabling these vectors to persist through the dry-season, the physiological, biochemical, and morphological traits underpinning these mechanisms remain insufficiently explored, particularly under natural field conditions. This study explored seasonal changes in Anopheles coluzzii, An. gambiae, and An. arabiensis at the onset of the dry season in the harsh savannahs of Burkina Faso, West Africa. Late-instar immature specimens were collected from two ecologically distinct sites, one with permanent and the other with only temporary breeding habitats, during the rainy season and the transitional period into the dry season. Larvae were reared to adulthood under natural conditions and several traits were analysed including ovarian development, sub-cuticular fat body hypertrophy, body size, and energy reserves. Gonotrophic dissociation was significantly more frequent in An. coluzzii at the onset of the dry season, indicating a shift toward reproductive arrest. All three species exhibited increased body size and cuticular fat deposits during the transitional period, though with species-specific differences. Notably, only An. coluzzii showed significant increases in energy reserves (proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates) during the transition period. These adaptive responses differed between the study sites, suggesting the influence of breeding habitats. The findings highlight that species within the An. gambiae complex engage in distinct phenotypic trajectories at the onset of the dry season, suggesting divergent adaptations and trade-offs in energy acquisition and allocation to survive during the dry season.</p>","PeriodicalId":19796,"journal":{"name":"Parasite","volume":"33 ","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12934212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147284719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of OvaCyte for the detection of gastrointestinal parasites in ovine and bovine animals: comparison with traditional flotation techniques.","authors":"Nagwa Elghryani, Geetika Lahan, Jayanta Bor Gohain, Eileen Collins, Trish McOwan, Theo de Waal","doi":"10.1051/parasite/2026002","DOIUrl":"10.1051/parasite/2026002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and analytical performance of OvaCyte, an automated image-based system for the detection of gastrointestinal parasites in ruminants, against traditional flotation techniques. OvaCyte is available in two versions: OvaCyte Plus, which automates egg detection and quantification, and OvaCyte Premium, which incorporates enhanced analysis to differentiate parasite families, genera, and species within strongyles (e.g., Trichostrongylidae, Haemonchus contortus, and Nematodirus spp.). Coccidia are also classified as standard or type B, with the latter specifically including Eimeria weybridgensis, Eimeria crandallis and Eimeria ovinoidalis, based on distinct morphometrical features. The identification of Haemonchus contortus was validated using peanut agglutinin (PNA) fluorescence staining as the gold standard. Sensitivity and specificity for OvaCyte Plus, Mini-FLOTAC, and McMaster were calculated based on a consensus \"true status\". Limits of detection and quantification were calculated using regression analysis. OvaCyte Plus demonstrated the highest sensitivity, especially for Nematodirus (95%), coccidia (93%), strongyles (92%), and Strongyloides papillosus (90%). Mini-FLOTAC showed moderate sensitivity (63-79%), while McMaster had the lowest value (30-76%). For Moniezia spp., sensitivity was similar for OvaCyte Plus and Mini-FLOTAC (79%), but lower for McMaster (59%). Specificity was high across all techniques (92-100%). Differences in performance were attributed to varying multiplication factors: OvaCyte Plus (3 EPG), Mini-FLOTAC (7.5 EPG), and McMaster (50 EPG). Strong correlations were observed between OvaCyte Plus and manual techniques for strongyle egg counts. OvaCyte Premium exhibited the highest sensitivity across all parasites. OvaCyte Plus and Premium demonstrated performance comparable to or exceeding traditional techniques for the detection of gastrointestinal parasites in ruminants.</p>","PeriodicalId":19796,"journal":{"name":"Parasite","volume":"33 ","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12934211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147284727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative assessment of immunochromatographic test kits using low-molecular-weight antigens from cyst fluids of two different genotypes of Taenia solium for serodiagnosis of human cysticercosis.","authors":"Lakkhana Sadaow, Penchom Janwan, Patcharaporn Boonroumkaew, Rutchanee Rodpai, Oranuch Sanpool, Tongjit Thanchomnang, Marcello Otake Sato, Pewpan M Intapan, Hiroshi Yamasaki, Yasuhito Sako, Toni Wandra, Kadek Swastika, Wanchai Maleewong","doi":"10.1051/parasite/2026003","DOIUrl":"10.1051/parasite/2026003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human cysticercosis is a serious zoonosis caused by infection with larvae (cysticerci) of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium. Infection can involve the nervous system, causing chronic headache and intracranial hypertension, focal neurological deficits, epileptic seizures, and paralysis. The disease is found in developing countries, where porcine cysticercosis is prevalent and undercooked pork is habitually consumed. This study aimed to develop immunochromatography-based test (ICT) kits, using low-molecular-weight antigens purified from cyst fluids of Latin American and Asian genotypes of T. solium. To evaluate the kits, we used 164 serum samples, including 24 from proven/confirmed cysticercosis cases, 110 from cases with other parasitoses, and 30 from healthy individuals. Diagnostic performances were calculated. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 83.3% (95% CI [62.6-95.3]), 93.6% (95% CI [88.1-97.0]), and 92.1% (95% CI [86.8-95.7]), respectively for the American genotype-based ICT kit, while for the Asian genotype-based ICT kit, they were 87.5% (95% CI [67.6-97.3]), 98.6% (95% CI [94.9-99.8]), and 97.0% (95% CI [93.0-99.0]), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity did not significantly differ between the two ICT kits (exact McNemar's test; p > 0.05), with a concordance of 93.9%, represented by a Cohen's kappa of 0.77 (p < 0.001), indicating substantial agreement. These results indicate that affinity-purified antigens from different geographical isolates can be used for the diagnosis of human cysticercosis. The diagnostic specificities were better than for a previously reported ICT kit that used crude antigen.</p>","PeriodicalId":19796,"journal":{"name":"Parasite","volume":"33 ","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12829318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146030610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of small-scale temperature shifts on Aedes mosquito production and the influence of environmental conditions on quality assessment with the FAO/IAEA flight test device.","authors":"Wadaka Mamai, Hamidou Maiga, Odet Bueno-Masso, Thomas Wallner, Nanwintoum Sévérin Bimbile Somda, Simran Singh Kotla, Thabo Mashatola, Hanano Yamada, Chantel Janet de Beer, Jérémy Bouyer","doi":"10.1051/parasite/2026019","DOIUrl":"10.1051/parasite/2026019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Variations in environmental parameters such as temperature and relative humidity (RH) can significantly affect mass-rearing outcomes and quality assessment. While the impact of broad temperature changes is well documented, the effects of small-scale fluctuations (1-2 °C shifts) on development and quality remain largely unexplored. This study was carried out to investigate the responses of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus to incremental changes in rearing temperature and to evaluate the influence of temperature and RH on quality assessment with the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations/International Atomic Energy Agency (FAO/IAEA) flight test device (FTD). First-instar larvae were reared under controlled conditions at five constant temperatures (26, 27, 28, 29 and 30 °C) maintaining the larval density and feeding regime as applied in mass-rearing conditions. Key parameters assessed included time to pupation, pupation rate, male escape rate, and body size. Additionally, male Ae. aegypti escape rate was evaluated under varying room temperatures and RH levels to assess the consistency and reliability of the FTD. Small-scale temperature fluctuations significantly impacted key life-history traits of Aedes mosquitoes, with higher temperatures accelerating time to pupation and enhancing pupation rates in both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Moreover, Aedes albopictus consistently exhibited lower pupal yields and male escape rates compared to Ae. aegypti. Adult male quality assessed using the FTD was significantly influenced by the environmental temperature, but showed no significant variation in response to changes in RH. These results highlight the importance of precisely controlling environmental conditions during larval mass-rearing and adult quality assessment using the FAO/IAEA FTD to ensure consistent and reliable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19796,"journal":{"name":"Parasite","volume":"33 ","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13073146/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147675606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}