Pharmacopsychiatry最新文献

{"title":"How to Improve Methodological Issues in Clinical Trials to Confirm that Pentoxifylline is Useful as an Add-on Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder.","authors":"Tainá C Ferreira, Arthur H de Alencar Quirino, Samuel C Aguiar Alves, Guilherme Nobre Nogueira, Fabio G de Matos E Souza, Luísa Weber Bisol","doi":"10.1055/a-2487-7084","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2487-7084","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19783,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"95-96"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142838670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Treatment-Resistance in First Episode Psychosis.","authors":"Piyumi Fernando, Johanna Strauss, Elias Wagner, Lisa Löhrs, Mattia Campana, Peter Falkai, Alkomiet Hasan, Irina Papazova","doi":"10.1055/a-2421-2411","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2421-2411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Approximately 30% of individuals with schizophrenia experience treatment resistance (TR), with 70% exhibiting it from the onset. Most research fails to distinguish between acquired and innate resistance, with limited data on TR in first episode psychosis (FEP). However, FEP patients with TR experience progressively worse outcomes compared to those with initial response. To further understand these findings, clinical and demographic data of FEP patients with and without TR were compared in this naturalistic study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Information was extracted on FEP patients who were antipsychotic-naive at the time of admission from a retrospective database on F2x diagnosed patients admitted to the LMU psychiatric clinic between 2008 and 2018. Clozapine was used at discharge as a marker of TR in the FEP cohort. A similarly antipsychotic-naïve FEP control group without clozapine at discharge, was generated by matching for gender and age. Thirty clinical and demographic variables were analyzed to identify differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two-hundred forty antipsychotic-naive FEPs were included: 33 with clozapine at discharge (TRC group), and 207 in the control group (non-TRC). Significant differences were observed in inpatient stay duration, chlorpromazine-equivalent dosage, number of antipsychotics, and anticholinergic medication at discharge.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings indicate that longer inpatient stay, an increased number of antipsychotics, and possibly a more extended prodrome may serve as markers for non-clozapine TR in FEP. Further research is necessary to establish the robustness of these variables as early-stage TR markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19783,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"63-70"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142638766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Odds of Cognitive Impairment in Adults with Depressive Symptoms and Antidepressant Use.","authors":"Shakila Meshkat, Michelle Wu, Vanessa K Tassone, Reinhard Janssen-Aguilar, Hilary Pang, Hyejung Jung, Wendy Lou, Venkat Bhat","doi":"10.1055/a-2381-2061","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2381-2061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The relationship between antidepressant use and class with cognition in depression is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association of cognition with depressive symptoms and antidepressant use (class, duration, number).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were examined for cognitive function through various tests and memory issues through the Medical Conditions questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2867 participants were included. Participants with depressive symptoms had significantly higher odds of cognitive impairment (CI) on the animal fluency test (aOR=1.89, 95% CI=1.30, 2.73, P=0.002) and Digit Symbol Substitution test (aOR=2.58, 95% CI=1.34, 4.9, P=0.007), as well as subjective memory issues (aOR=7.25, 95% CI=4.26, 12.32, P<0.001) than those without depression. There were no statistically significant associations between any of the CI categories and depressive symptoms treated with an antidepressant and antidepressant use duration. Participants who were using more than one antidepressant had significantly higher odds of subjective memory issues than those who were using one antidepressant. Specifically, users of atypical antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) had significantly higher odds of subjective memory issues in comparison to no antidepressants, with TCAs showing the largest odds (aOR=4.21, 95% CI=1.19, 14.86, P=0.028).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study highlights the relationship between depressive symptoms, antidepressant use, and CI. Future studies should further evaluate the mechanism underlying this phenomenon.</p>","PeriodicalId":19783,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"71-79"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Antipsychotic Medications on Weight Gain and Eating Disorder-Related Psychopathology in Adult Inpatients with Anorexia Nervosa.","authors":"Tabea Bauman, David R Kolar, Christoph U Correll, Verena Haas, Ulrich Voderholzer","doi":"10.1055/a-2436-9552","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2436-9552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The impact of antipsychotic use on weight gain and eating disorder-related psychopathology in adult inpatients with anorexia nervosa (AN) is unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutively hospitalized adults with AN were retrospectively analyzed. Co-primary outcomes were body mass index (BMI) and weekly weight change. Secondary outcomes were Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) subscale scores 'drive for thinness' and 'body dissatisfaction'. Admission-to-discharge changes were compared in patients continuing pre-admission antipsychotics (APcont), starting antipsychotics (APnew) and patients without psychopharmacotherapy (noMed) using linear mixed models. Sensitivity analyses were conducted in subgroups matched for age, length of stay, baseline BMI and baseline EDI-2 scores. Subgroups were also compared regarding BMI trajectories, using non-linear growth curve models. Within-group analyses compared weight gain before vs. after the median antipsychotic onset week.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 775 adult inpatients (mean length of stay =103.5±48.0 days), 21.7% received antipsychotics (APcont =7.7%; APnew=13.9%), i. e., olanzapine (n=127, dose =5.5±3.1 mg/day) or quetiapine (n=41, dose=100.0±97.7 mg/day), while 78.3% did not receive any medication. Comparing all three groups, a significant time×group interaction was found for noMed and APnew vs. APcont (<i>p</i>=0.011), but this effect disappeared when comparing matched subgroups. However, in matched subgroups (n=54 each) APnew showed steeper weight gain vs. APcont both overall (<i>p</i>=0.011) and after median antipsychotic initiation (5.8±5.0 weeks) (<i>p</i>≤0.001). No significant group differences emerged in EDI-2 subscale scores.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In this naturalistic study, 22% of adult inpatients received antipsychotics. However, neither weight gain nor AN-related psychopathology changed differently in patients treated with vs. without antipsychotics. Newly initiated antipsychotic treatment vs. continuation from pre-admission had better weight gain outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19783,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"80-87"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of E-Cigarette Use in Opioid-Dependent Patients in Maintenance Treatment.","authors":"Josef Rabl, Michael Specka, Udo Bonnet, Özge Irtürk, Fabrizio Schifano, Norbert Scherbaum","doi":"10.1055/a-2414-5867","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2414-5867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>As tobacco smoking decreases, the use of e-cigarettes is on the rise. There is a debate whether switching from smoking to the use of e-cigarettes might represent a harm reduction strategy for those who smoke tobacco heavily, a habit often observed in individuals with opioid dependence. The present study investigated the prevalence and patterns of tobacco smoking and e-cigarette use in patients in opioid maintenance treatment (OMT) and whether e-cigarette use contributed to the cessation of smoking tobacco.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 2014 (n=84) and in 2021 (n=128), patients from two OMT clinics of a psychiatric university hospital were interviewed RESULTS: In both surveys, patients presented with a comparable average age (45.6 vs. 46.9 years of age), gender distribution (mainly male 71.4 vs. 75.8%), and length of OMT history (median: 66 vs. 55 months). The lifetime prevalence of e-cigarette use (45.2% in 2014 and 38.3% in 2021) was much higher than the current prevalence (4.9% and 7.8%, respectively). Few patients reported either a complete switch from smoking to the use of e-cigarettes (2014, n=1 vs. 2021, n=2) or the achievement of abstinence from smoking after a temporary use of e-cigarettes (2014, n=2 vs. 2021, n=1).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>No increase in the use of e-cigarettes was observed in these groups of patients undergoing OMT. Presumably, harm reduction strategies relating to the use of e-cigarettes in this group need to be supported by motivational interventions. Given the high morbidity and mortality due to smoking, OMT clinics should offer professional help in reducing smoking.</p>","PeriodicalId":19783,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"88-94"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges Related to the Implementation of Measurement-Based Care for the Treatment of Major Depressive Disorder: A Feasibility Study.","authors":"Emytis Tavakoli, Angela Xiang, Mohamed I Husain, Daniel M Blumberger, Stefan Kloiber, Daniel J Mueller, Abigail Ortiz, Athina Perivolaris, Benoit H Mulsant","doi":"10.1055/a-2508-5757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2508-5757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Measurement-based care (MBC) involves systematically assessing patients' symptoms and adverse events using standardized scales to guide treatment. While MBC has been shown to enhance the quality of care and outcomes in the pharmacotherapy of major depressive disorder (MDD), it is still rarely used in clinical practice. In this study, the feasibility of implementing MBC was assessed for patients with MDD seen in a large outpatient psychiatry clinic.Adults diagnosed with MDD were assessed at baseline and during a 12-week follow-up by phone or via emailed links with: the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), an adverse effect rating scale, and a published suicide risk management protocol (SRMP). Antidepressants were recommended based on preferences expressed by the participant and treating psychiatrist; dosages were adjusted by the treating psychiatrist based on symptomatic improvement and adverse events.Over 2 years, 52 (21.2%) of 246 patients referred to the study were enrolled, 28 (53.8%) completed all assessments at all follow-up visits, 45 (87.0%) participants were prescribed one of the recommended antidepressants, and 22 (42.3%) remitted. Of the 27 participants presenting with suicidal ideation, 18 (66.6%) experienced a full resolution of these ideations.These findings highlight the challenges in implementing MBC for the pharmacotherapy of MDD and confirm some barriers to its broad adoption in clinical practice. The study also highlights its benefits in the selected group of patients who engage in MBC. Future studies need to continue to explore innovative ways to facilitate its broader implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19783,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Xanomeline-Trospium for Adults with Schizophrenia Experiencing Acute Psychosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Safety and Tolerability Outcomes.","authors":"Taro Kishi, Leslie Citrome, Kenji Sakuma, Shun Hamanaka, Yasufumi Nishii, Masakazu Hatano, Osamu Furukawa, Youichi Saito, Nakao Iwata","doi":"10.1055/a-2506-7022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2506-7022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The United States Food and Drug Administration approved the xanomeline-trospium combination in September 2024 for treating schizophrenia, based in part on three double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trials in adults with schizophrenia experiencing acute psychosis. This random-effects model pairwise meta-analysis of those three trials found that xanomeline-trospium was comparable to placebo in terms of all-cause discontinuation, discontinuation rate due to adverse events, Simpson-Angus Scale score change, Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale score change, body weight change, body mass index change, blood pressure change, serum total cholesterol change, blood glucose change, QTc interval changes, and the incidence of headache, somnolence, insomnia, dizziness, akathisia, agitation, tachycardia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, diarrhea, increased weight, and decreased appetite. However, xanomeline-trospium was associated with a higher incidence of at least one adverse event, dry mouth, hypertension, nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, and constipation, and increased serum triglyceride compared with placebo. Notably, xanomeline-trospium demonstrated superior efficacy than placebo in improving the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) total score, PANSS positive subscale score, and PANSS negative subscale score.</p>","PeriodicalId":19783,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Refractory Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: What Role Should Psychiatrists Have?","authors":"Mohsen Khosravi, Abdullah A Alzahrani, Thikra M Muhammed, Ahmed Hjazi, Huda H Abbas, Mervat A AbdRabou, Karrar H Mohmmed, Pallavi Ghildiyal, Alexey Yumashev, Ahmed Elawady, Sahel Sarabandi","doi":"10.1055/a-2331-7684","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2331-7684","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, it has been stated that psychiatric and psychological problems are equally paramount aspects of the clinical modulation and manifestation of both the central nervous and digestive systems, which could be used to restore balance. The present narrative review aims to provide an elaborate description of the bio-psycho-social facets of refractory functional gastrointestinal disorders, psychiatrists' role, specific psychiatric approach, and the latest psychiatric and psychological perspectives on practical therapeutic management. In this respect, \"psyche,\" \"psychiatry,\" \"psychology,\" \"psychiatrist,\" \"psychotropic,\" and \"refractory functional gastrointestinal disorders\" (as the keywords) were searched in relevant English publications from January 1, 1950, to March 1, 2024, in the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases. Eventually, the narrative technique was adopted to reach a compelling story with a high level of cohesion through material synthesis. The current literature recognizes the brain-gut axis modulation as a therapeutic target for refractory functional gastrointestinal disorders and the bio-psycho-social model as an integrated framework to explain disease pathogenesis. The results also reveal some evidence to affirm the benefits of psychotropic medications and psychological therapies in refractory functional gastrointestinal disorders, even when psychiatric symptoms were absent. It seems that psychiatrists are required to pay higher levels of attention to both the assessment and treatment of patients with refractory functional gastrointestinal disorders, accompanied by educating and training practitioners who take care of these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19783,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"14-24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ABC Family Gene Polymorphisms and Cognitive Functions Interact to Influence Antidepressant Efficacy.","authors":"Meijiang Jin, Lei Ji, Maojia Ran, Zhujun Wang, Yan Bi, Hang Zhang, Yuanmei Tao, Hanmei Xu, Shoukang Zou, Hong Zhang, Tao Yu, Li Yin","doi":"10.1055/a-2437-1751","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2437-1751","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The importance of identifying relevant indicators of antidepressant efficacy is highlighted by the low response rates to antidepressant treatment for depression. The ABC gene family, encoding ATP-dependent transport proteins facilitating the transport of psychotropic drugs, has drawn attention. This study delved into the relationship between antidepressant efficacy and seven single nucleotide polymorphisms of ABCB1 and ABCB6 genes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 549 depressed patients participated in the study, and all completed a 6-week course of antidepressant treatment. Cognitive function was assessed at baseline and post-treatment. Patients were categorized based on post-treatment HAMD-17 scores (with HAMD≤7 indicating remission), and comparisons were made between different groups in terms of allelic gene frequencies and genotypes. Logistic regression was used to explore the interaction between cognitive function and genotype on efficacy. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed to compare the regulatory effects of rs1109866 allele variants on the ABCB6 promoter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no notable differences in allelic gene frequencies and genotypes between the remission and non-remission groups. Nonetheless, a significant interaction was identified between the rs1109866 genotype and language fluency-related indicators concerning efficacy (p=0.029) before correction. The dual-luciferase reporter assays demonstrated markedly higher fluorescence intensity of rs1109866-C compared to that of rs1109866-T (p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Relying solely on genetic polymorphisms of ABC family genes as predictors of antidepressant treatment response may not be sufficient. However, the interaction between the rs1109866 and cognition plays a pivotal role. The potentially enhanced transcriptional activity of rs1109866-C might offer insight into its impact on antidepressant efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19783,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacopsychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"25-32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ausschreibung Peter Müller Preis für Forschung im Bereich Schizophrenie.","authors":"","doi":"10.1055/a-2457-7408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/a-2457-7408","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19783,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacopsychiatry","volume":"58 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142882719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}