{"title":"Periodontal response to nonsurgical accelerated orthodontic tooth movement.","authors":"Fatma Oner, Alpdogan Kantarci","doi":"10.1111/prd.12623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12623","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tooth movement is a complex process involving the vascularization of the tissues, remodeling of the bone cells, and periodontal ligament fibroblasts under the hormonal and neuronal regulation mechanisms in response to mechanical force application. Therefore, it will inevitably impact periodontal tissues. Prolonged treatment can lead to adverse effects on teeth and periodontal tissues, prompting the development of various methods to reduce the length of orthodontic treatment. These methods are surgical or nonsurgical interventions applied simultaneously within the orthodontic treatment. The main target of nonsurgical approaches is modulating the response of the periodontal tissues to the orthodontic force. They stimulate osteoclasts and osteoclastic bone resorption in a controlled manner to facilitate tooth movement. Among various nonsurgical methods, the most promising clinical results have been achieved with photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy. Clinical data on electric/magnetic stimulation, pharmacologic administrations, and vibration forces indicate the need for further studies to improve their efficiency. This growing field will lead to a paradigm shift as we understand the biological response to these approaches and their adoption in clinical practice. This review will specifically focus on the impact of nonsurgical methods on periodontal tissues, providing a comprehensive understanding of this significant and understudied aspect of orthodontic care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143009363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gaetano Isola, Alessandro Polizzi, Sara Serra, Mattia Boato, Anton Sculean
{"title":"Relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases: A bibliometric and visual study","authors":"Gaetano Isola, Alessandro Polizzi, Sara Serra, Mattia Boato, Anton Sculean","doi":"10.1111/prd.12621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12621","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:label/>To provide a comprehensive and updated mapping of observational studies assessing the relationship between periodontitis and systemic diseases through a bibliometric and visual analysis. A search was conducted using the Web of Science database, covering the period 1989 to 2024. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) from the US National Library of Medicine was used to categorize systemic conditions, focusing on terms unrelated to stomatognathic diseases. The analysis included keyword co‐occurrence mapping, co‐authorship, bibliographic coupling, and co‐citation analysis. Quality indicators such as silhouette score, modularity, and centrality were considered to assess the network's quality. The research strategy identified 6106 records, of which 1519 met the inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed that 46.73% of the literature on the topic was published in the last 5 years and that the annual publication trend peaked in 2023. Nutritional & Metabolic Diseases (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 398), Cardiovascular Diseases (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 335), Female Urogenital Diseases & Pregnancy Complications (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 244), and Musculoskeletal Diseases (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 182) were the most representative categories of systemic diseases associated with periodontitis. The most co‐cited journals on the topic were the Journal of Periodontology (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 1412), the Journal of Clinical Periodontology (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 1343), the Journal of Dental Research (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 940), and Periodontology 2000 (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 849). The USA, China, Brazil, and Sweden were the countries that contributed the most to the number of publications. The analysis conducted in the present study revealed a growing trend of observational studies evaluating the association between periodontitis and systemic diseases, highlighting the negative impact of periodontitis on a plethora of systemic conditions and a rising translational interest in this relationship. With an aging population, periodontitis is expected to affect a growing number of people in the coming decades, presenting significant challenges to public health. Improved knowledge is, therefore, essential to enable more comprehensive care, preventive strategies, and optimal oral health for patients with periodontitis.","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142937058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hyeran Helen Jeon, Xin Huang, Leticia Rojas Cortez, Puttipong Sripinun, Jung‐me Lee, Julie J. Hong, Dana T. Graves
{"title":"Inflammation and mechanical force‐induced bone remodeling","authors":"Hyeran Helen Jeon, Xin Huang, Leticia Rojas Cortez, Puttipong Sripinun, Jung‐me Lee, Julie J. Hong, Dana T. Graves","doi":"10.1111/prd.12619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12619","url":null,"abstract":"Periodontitis arises from imbalanced host–microbe interactions, leading to dysbiosis and destructive inflammation. The host's innate and adaptive immune responses produce pro‐inflammatory mediators that stimulate destructive events, which cause loss of alveolar bone and connective tissue attachment. There is no consensus on the factors that lead to a conversion from gingivitis to periodontitis, but one possibility is the proximity of the inflammation to the bone, which promotes bone resorption and inhibits subsequent bone formation during coupled bone formation. Conversely, orthodontic tooth movement is triggered by the mechanical force applied to the tooth, resulting in bone resorption on the compression side and new bone formation on the tension side. However, the environment around orthodontic brackets readily retains dental plaque and may contribute to inflammation and bone remodeling. The immune, epithelial, stromal, endothelial and bone cells of the host play an important role in setting the stage for bone remodeling that occurs in both periodontitis and orthodontic tooth movement. Recent advancements in single‐cell RNA sequencing have provided new insights into the roles and interactions of different cell types in response to challenges. In this review, we meticulously examine the functions of key cell types such as keratinocytes, leukocytes, stromal cells, osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts involved in inflammation‐ and mechanical force‐driven bone remodeling. Moreover, we explore the combined effects of these two conditions: mechanical force‐induced bone remodeling combined with periodontal disease (chronic inflammation) and periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics (acute transient inflammation). This comprehensive review enhances our understanding of inflammation‐ and mechanical force‐induced bone remodeling.","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"175 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nikolaos Gkantidis, Konstantinos Dritsas, Mohammed Ghamri, Demetrios Halazonetis, Anton Sculean
{"title":"Methods for 3D evaluation and quantification of gingival recessions and gingival margin changes: Advancements from conventional techniques.","authors":"Nikolaos Gkantidis, Konstantinos Dritsas, Mohammed Ghamri, Demetrios Halazonetis, Anton Sculean","doi":"10.1111/prd.12615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In an era of increasing life expectancy and growing patient demands towards lifelong natural tooth retention, accurate assessment of gingival recessions is crucial for diagnosing periodontal diseases, planning preventive or restorative interventions, and evaluating their outcomes. The traditional two-dimensional (2D) methods, while useful, often fall short in capturing the complex topography of gingival tissue margins and their changes over time. By examining relevant published studies, this review highlights the transition from 2D to 3D techniques, analyzing the limitations of widely used 2D approaches, while emphasizing the potential of novel 3D tools and techniques. It discusses their comparative effectiveness, accuracy, and application challenges in clinical and research settings. Advancements in three-dimensional (3D) imaging regarding methodologies for the precise evaluation and quantification of free gingival margin changes and gingival recessions are explored and critically evaluated. The review underscores the potential for these technologies to enhance patient outcomes through more precise diagnosis and data generation. It also identifies gaps in current research and suggests directions for future investigation. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in 3D evaluation methods for gingival recessions and gingival margin changes, offering valuable insights for clinicians and researchers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Qali, Chenshuang Li, Chun-Hsi Chung, Nipul Tanna
{"title":"Periodontal and orthodontic management of impacted canines.","authors":"Mohammad Qali, Chenshuang Li, Chun-Hsi Chung, Nipul Tanna","doi":"10.1111/prd.12618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The maxillary and mandibular canines are described by many clinicians as the \"cornerstone\" of the arch. When in their optimal position, they play a critical role in providing a well-balanced occlusal scheme that contributes toward functional as well as neuromuscular stability, harmony, esthetics, and dentofacial balance. When an aberration is noted with the normal eruptive and development process, early diagnosis with strategic intervention is critical and may often require a multidisciplinary approach. A proper diagnosis, risk assessment, and management of the soft tissues, hard tissues, and adjacent structures are vital for a successful outcome. This review highlights the diagnostic and treatment modalities that require consideration for the orthodontic as well as the periodontal management of impacted canines. The reader is guided through the etiology, diagnosis, prevention, and intervention of clinical cases that were managed with different approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142644061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mojisola Olujitan, Patricia O Ayanbadejo, Kehinde Umeizudike, Afolabi Oyapero, Christopher Okunseri, Azeez Butali
{"title":"Periodontal diseases in Africa.","authors":"Mojisola Olujitan, Patricia O Ayanbadejo, Kehinde Umeizudike, Afolabi Oyapero, Christopher Okunseri, Azeez Butali","doi":"10.1111/prd.12617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12617","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Periodontal diseases, a group of complex conditions marked by an excessive immune response and periodontal tissue destruction, are a global health concern. Since 1990, the incidence of these diseases has doubled, with Western sub-Saharan Africa experiencing the highest burden. Accurate diagnosis and case identification are crucial for understanding the etiology, features of disease, research, treatment and prevention. Modern perspectives on periodontal disease classification are based on commonality among those affected. However, current literature is often plagued by methodological inconsistencies and focused on disease mechanisms in European populations. Health inequalities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are exacerbated by these challenges, with sub-Saharan Africa, and Nigeria specifically, facing unique difficulties such as clinical personnel shortages and limited research infrastructure. This review explored disparities in periodontal disease research, care and outcomes in African populations. We highlighted these disparities and identified the factors contributing to inequities in periodontal health outcomes. We further demonstrated the critical need for inclusive and equitable healthcare and research practices tailored to the unique challenges faced by diverse populations and regions with limited resources. Addressing these disparities is essential for ensuring that advancements in healthcare are accessible to all, thereby improving global oral health and general health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Richard J. Miron, Vittorio Moraschini, Nathan Estrin, Jamil Awad Shibli, Raluca Cosgarea, Karin Jepsen, Pia‐Merete Jervøe‐Storm, Hom‐Lay Wang, Anton Sculean, Søren Jepsen
{"title":"Autogenous platelet concentrates for treatment of intrabony defects—A systematic review with meta‐analysis","authors":"Richard J. Miron, Vittorio Moraschini, Nathan Estrin, Jamil Awad Shibli, Raluca Cosgarea, Karin Jepsen, Pia‐Merete Jervøe‐Storm, Hom‐Lay Wang, Anton Sculean, Søren Jepsen","doi":"10.1111/prd.12598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12598","url":null,"abstract":"To provide an overview of the use of autogenous platelet concentrates (APCs) in periodontal regeneration and to conduct a systematic review (SR) of the treatment outcomes of periodontal intrabony defects by using platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) compared with other commonly utilized modalities. The eligibility criteria comprised randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the clinical outcomes of PRF with that of other modalities. Studies were classified into 21 categories and into five different groups as follows: Group I (1) open flap debridement (OFD) alone versus OFD/PRF, (2) OFD versus Titanium‐PRF (T‐PRF) Group II, (3) Comparative PRF protocols (PRF vs. T‐PRF), Group III (Comparative Studies to PRF): (4) OFD/PRP versus OFD/PRF, (5) OFD/bone graft(BG)/PRGF versus OFD/BG/PRF, (6) OFD/EMD versus OFD/PRF, (7) OFD/BG/EMD versus OFD/BG/PRF, (8) OFD/collagen membrane (CM) versus OFD/PRF, (9) OFD/BG/BM versus OFD/BG/PRF, (10) OFD/BG versus OFD/PRF, Group IV (Addition of PRF to treatment groups) (11) OFD/BG versus OFD/BG/PRF, (12) OFD/GTR versus OFD/GTR + PRF (13) OFD/EMD versus OFD/EMD/PRF (14) OFD/BG/BM versus OFD/BG/BM/PRF, Group V (Addition of Biomaterial/Biomolecule to PRF): OFD/PRF versus … (15) OFD/PRF/BG, (16) OFD/PRF/antibiotic, (17) OFD/PRF/Metformin, (18) OFD/PRF/Bisphosphonates, (19) OFD/PRF/Statins, (20) OFD/BG/PRF versus OFD/BG/PRF/Statins, and (21) OFD/PRF/low‐level laser therapy (LLLT). Weighted means and forest plots were calculated for probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and radiographic bone fill (RBF). From 596 records identified, 55 RCTs were included. Group I: The use of OFD/PRF statistically significantly reduced PPD and improved CAL and RBF when compared to OFD. Group II: A significant difference between various PRF protocols was only observed for PPD. Group III: No significant advantage was found when comparing OFD/PRF to the following groups: OFD/PRP, OFD/EMD, OFD/BM, or OFD/BG. Group IV: The addition of PRF to OFD/BG led to significant improvements in PPD, CAL and RBF compared with OFD/BG alone. Group V: The addition of either a BG as well as three of the following biomolecules (metformin, bisphosphonates, and statins) to OFD/PRF led to statistically significant improvements in PPD, CAL, and/or RBF when compared to OFD/PRF alone. The use of PRF significantly improved clinical outcomes in intrabony defects when compared to OFD alone. Similar results were observed when OFD/PRF was compared with OFD/BG, OFD/EMD, OFD/PRP, and OFD/BM. The addition of PRF to a bone grafting material as well as the addition of various small biomolecules to PRF may offer additional clinical advantages, thus warranting further investigations. Future research investigating various protocols of PRF, longer‐term outcomes, as well as PRF at the human histological level remains needed.","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"233 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conchita Martin,Spyridon N Papageorgiou,Oscar Gonzalez-Martin,Mariano Sanz
{"title":"Orthodontic management of uneven gingival margins in patients with healthy or reduced periodontium to improve smile aesthetics.","authors":"Conchita Martin,Spyridon N Papageorgiou,Oscar Gonzalez-Martin,Mariano Sanz","doi":"10.1111/prd.12613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12613","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142448059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Autologous platelet concentrates in root coverage procedures.","authors":"Shayan Barootchi,Lorenzo Tavelli,Maria Elisa Galarraga Vinueza,Hamoun Sabri,Catherine Andrade,Nelson Pinto,Antonio Sanz,Hom-Lay Wang","doi":"10.1111/prd.12614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12614","url":null,"abstract":"Gingival recessions are vastly prevalent among the general population. With regards to their treatment, recent advancements in periodontal and microsurgical procedures, focusing on minimal invasiveness and patient-centered therapies, have propelled a shift in their contemporary treatment, highlighting the field of biologics and bioactive mediators. Among different classes and types of biologics, autologous platelet concentrates (APCs), also referred to as autologous blood-derived products, are commonly used and preferred among many clinicians. These are essentially obtained via venipuncture (intravenous access) followed by centrifugation, for which numerous protocols and preparation methods have been used, leading to varieties of blood-derived products. In this review, via a systematic search, we explored the efficacy of the different utilized preparation methods and centrifugation protocols of APCs (e.g., platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), leucocyte-PRF, advanced-PRF, concentrated growth factor (CGF), etc.) for the treatment of type 1 gingival recessions (RT1, without interproximal attachment loss or noticeable tooth displacement), as well as their effectiveness relative to a common control (treatment with flap advancement alone without any additional material). Based on the available literature from randomized trials found in our systematic search, we observed that utilization of PRF can significantly enhance treatment outcomes when performing a coronally advanced flap, in terms of the amount of root coverage. The improvement in root coverage was further enhanced in the presence of baseline keratinized tissue width, and with an increasing relative magnitude (the more the baseline keratinized tissue width, the better the root coverage outcomes when using PRF). The efficacy of these products needs to be further explored with different graft substitutes and matrices, as well as relative to other commonly applied biologics, through well-conducted and adequately-powered randomized clinical trials.","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142439346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Periodontology 2000Pub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-01-25DOI: 10.1111/prd.12544
Avi-Hai Hovav, Asaf Wilensky
{"title":"The role of the epithelial sentinels, Langerhans cells and γδT cells, in oral squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Avi-Hai Hovav, Asaf Wilensky","doi":"10.1111/prd.12544","DOIUrl":"10.1111/prd.12544","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) arises in the oral epithelium, a tissue in which immune surveillance is mediated by its primary resident leukocytes, Langerhans cells (LCs), and γδT cells. Under steady-state conditions, LCs and γδT cells play a critical role in maintaining oral mucosal homeostasis. As antigen-presenting cells of stratified epithelia, LCs respond to various challenges faced by the epithelium, orchestrating innate, and adaptive immune responses in order to resolve them. γδT cells also sense diverse epithelial insults and react rapidly through cytokine production and cytolytic activity. These epithelial sentinels are also considered to be the first leukocytes in the oral epithelium to encounter early carcinogenic events that have the potential of becoming OSCC. As evident in many malignancies, leukocyte populations help prevent cancer development although they also promote tumor progression. OSCC is no exception, as studies have reported both anti- and pro-tumor roles of LCs and γδT cells. In this review, we summarize the ontogeny of LCs and γδT cells in the oral epithelium and discuss their role in OSCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":" ","pages":"221-228"},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139564608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}