Periodontology 2000最新文献

{"title":"Mystery and misery of locally-delivered drug therapy in periodontics. Historical concepts and current state.","authors":"Andrea Mombelli, Alkisti Zekeridou","doi":"10.1111/prd.12630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The primary objective is to critically analyze approaches to local therapy for periodontal disease, particularly in light of its well-established systemic implications. We specifically address common misconceptions and overestimations regarding the potential of local treatments in contrast to their actual clinical effectiveness. Historically, the therapeutic approach to periodontitis has concentrated on local intervention within periodontal pockets. Local drug delivery systems show potential for targeting periodontal infections with high drug concentrations while minimizing systemic side effects. This could potentially help overcome the challenges posed by microbial biofilms. However, evidence suggests that periodontitis is not a disease affecting only confined areas of a dentition. Currently, in the presence of multiple deep pockets, local therapy is less cost-effective than systemic antibiotics due to the costs of products and the extensive professional chair time required for their application. Isolated deep pockets in otherwise stable dentitions are often caused by problems that cannot be resolved with antimicrobial agents. Finally, recurrent biofilm formation in residual pockets during the maintenance phase can be addressed through suitable physical rather than chemical procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supportive periodontal care during active orthodontic therapy in patients with history of stage IV periodontitis: A narrative review.","authors":"Alexandra Stähli,Anastasiya Orishko,Jean-Claude Imber,Andrea Roccuzzo,Anton Sculean,Dimitrios Kloukos,Giovanni E Salvi","doi":"10.1111/prd.12627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12627","url":null,"abstract":"The present narrative review aims to summarize the existing literature on recommendations for supportive periodontal care (SPC) in patients undergoing combined periodontal-orthodontic treatment. It outlines a comprehensive step-4 treatment sequence in patients diagnosed with stage IV periodontitis and concurrent orthodontic problems. The delivery of SPC characterizes step 4 of the comprehensive treatment sequence, focusing on the prevention of bacterial re-infection and the recurrence of the disease. Step 4 includes repeated assessments of residual probing pocket depths (PPD) greater than 5 mm, bleeding on probing (BoP) and/or suppuration around teeth and implants, as well as evaluation of furcation involvement. Extensive evidence indicates the efficacy of rigorous self-performed plaque control and adherence to regular SPC following active periodontal therapy as vital for managing caries and periodontitis, thereby reducing possible tooth loss. Current evidence indicates that patients with stage IV periodontal disease can safely proceed with orthodontic treatment following active periodontal therapy. Nonetheless, it is the authors' recommendation for patients undergoing periodontal-orthodontic treatment to participate in an SPC program scheduled every 3-4 months.","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143857197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soft-tissue volume augmentation during early, delayed, and late dental implant therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis on professionally determined esthetics and self-reported patient satisfaction on esthetics.","authors":"Ausra Ramanauskaite,Sofya Sadilina,Frank Schwarz,Emilio A Cafferata,Franz J Strauss,Daniel S Thoma","doi":"10.1111/prd.12628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12628","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to assess the effect of soft-tissue volume augmentation during early, delayed, and late dental implant therapy in terms of professionally determined esthetics and self-reported patient satisfaction on esthetics. For this, a comprehensive electronic literature search was performed to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) reporting professionally determined esthetic outcomes and self-reported patient satisfaction on esthetics (primary outcomes) during early, delayed, and late dental implant placement comparing soft-tissue volume augmentation to the absence of soft-tissue grafting (control) (PICO 1) or comparing various soft-tissue augmentation techniques, procedures, and materials (PICO 2). Secondary outcomes were mucosal thickness (MT), intra- and postoperative complications, marginal soft-tissue-level changes, keratinized tissue width, radiographic marginal bone levels, and clinical parameters for the diagnosis of peri-implant tissue health. The standard mean differences (SMD)/weighted mean differences (WMD) were estimated for the Pink Esthetic Score (PES), self-reported patient satisfaction assessed by Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and MT gain for PICO 1 and PICO 2 by employing a random effect model. Five RCTs were included for PICO 1, whereas 7 RCTs and 1 CCT addressed PICO 2. PICO 1: The SMD for the PES between autogenous soft-tissue grafting (SCTG) and the absence of grafting (control group) was 0.47; 95% CI [-0.15, 1.09; p = 0.14] based on 5 RCTs. The SMD for the VAS values for patient-reported satisfaction on esthetics in the SCTG and control group was 0.46; 95% CI [-0.12, 1.03; p = 0.12] (2 RCTs). The WMD for gain of MT amounted to 1.06 mm; 95% CI [0.81, 1.31; p = 0.00] in favor of the SCTG group (3 RCTs). PICO 2: The SMD for the PES comparing collagen-based matrices (CM group) to the SCTG group was -0.32; 95% CI: (-0.57, -0.07; p = 0.01), in favor of the SCTG group (5 RCTs and 1 CCT). The SMD for the VAS for patient-reported satisfaction on soft-tissue esthetics was 0.24; 95% CI: (-0.31, 0.78; p = 0.40) (2 RCTs comparing CM vs. SCTG). The WMD for gain of MT was -0.27 mm; 95% CI: (-0.36, -0.17; p = 0.00), significantly favoring the SCTG group (4 RCTs). Professionally and patient-assessed outcomes showed no substantial differences between autogenous soft-tissue grafting and the absence of grafting for early, delayed, and late implant placement. However, autogenous soft-tissue grafts led to significantly improved esthetic outcomes as assessed by professionals compared to soft-tissue substitutes. Patient-assessed outcomes, nevertheless, were similar regardless of the grafting material (i.e., SCTG or soft-tissue substitute). Therefore, autogenous soft-tissue grafting, though, resulted in a considerably higher gain in mucosal thickness compared to both the absence of soft-tissue grafting and the use of soft-tissue substitutes. Complications and adverse events were rarely repo","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advantages of horizontal centrifugation of platelet-rich fibrin in regenerative medicine and dentistry.","authors":"Nima Farshidfar, Karol Alí Apaza Alccayhuaman, Nathan E Estrin, Paras Ahmad, Anton Sculean, Yufeng Zhang, Richard J Miron","doi":"10.1111/prd.12625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this comprehensive review was to evaluate comparative studies on horizontal and fixed-angle centrifugation methods for preparing platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). Furthermore, additional studies utilizing horizontal PRF (H-PRF) were systematically investigated. This overview review article offers deeper insights into the advantages of H-PRF when compared to fixed-angle methods across a wide range of regenerative medical and dental applications. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed and Web of Science up to December 5, 2024. Grey literature was also searched via Google Scholar for additional relevant studies, and reference lists of eligible studies were screened for further potential inclusion. All in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies that utilized horizontal or swing-out centrifugation to prepare solid or liquid PRF, along with their subfractions such as the buffy coat, platelet-poor plasma (PPP), or heated variants like albumin gel or albumin gel with liquid PRF (Alb-PRF) as interventions, were included in this study. A total of 75 studies were included. Thirteen studies directly compared horizontal centrifugation to fixed-angle centrifugation for producing PRF, while the remaining 62 studies were non-comparative and focused on expanding the uses and clinical applications of H-PRF. These studies spanned categories such as cell concentrations, fibrin matrix structure, growth factor release, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, and regenerative applications in bone, periodontal, cartilage, skin, hair, regenerative endodontics, corneal defect repair, wound healing, and soft tissue regeneration. Of the studies comparing horizontal to fixed-angle centrifugation, 84.6% favored horizontal centrifugation, while 15.4% found no difference. None of the studies favored fixed-angle centrifugation. Additionally, more optimized methods for concentrating liquid-PRF (C-PRF) using horizontal centrifugation and extending the resorption properties of PRF-ranging from 2 to 3 weeks to membranes lasting 4 months through an albumin denaturation process were-further discussed. Based on these findings, it remains logical to utilize H-PRF in clinical practice owing to the greater superiority in results from the majority of studies. Nevertheless, further comparative clinical studies are needed to support these findings. While the current evidence is limited and further clinical trials are warranted, several studies have now indicated that horizontal centrifugation, compared to fixed-angle, results in higher cell concentrations, more uniform cell distribution, and increased growth factor release. These advantages suggest that the use of H-PRF may lead to enhanced clinical outcomes when the application of PRF is indicated. Since horizontal centrifugation can also lead to better cell separation, it should also be the preferred method for producing C-PRF and Alb-PRF for clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) versus injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF): A systematic review across all fields of medicine.","authors":"Nima Farshidfar, Mohammad Amin Amiri, Nathan E Estrin, Paras Ahmad, Anton Sculean, Yufeng Zhang, Richard J Miron","doi":"10.1111/prd.12626","DOIUrl":"10.1111/prd.12626","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review aimed to evaluate all available evidence across all fields of medicine regarding the comparative effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) versus injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF). A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to September 30, 2024. Following a thorough screening process, studies were divided into in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies based on their tissue/clinical indications. The initial search generated 2192 articles, of which 23 met the inclusion criteria. The findings demonstrated that i-PRF yielded higher platelet concentrations and offered a more sustained, long-term release of growth factors over time when compared to PRP. Overall, it was determined from in vitro studies that i-PRF significantly improved the activity of many cell types, including for skin, cartilage, periodontal, bone, soft tissue around dental implants, and pulp cells. In vivo outcomes also generally indicated that i-PRF outperformed PRP in cartilage and testicular regeneration. However, in orthodontic tooth movement, PRP was found to lead to superior short-term effects, while i-PRF showed more beneficial long-term effects. Clinical studies also found superior outcomes of i-PRF in skin regeneration, cartilage, and pulp regeneration. Outcomes regarding orthodontic tooth movement utilizing i-PRF or PRP remain controversial. In 72% of studies, i-PRF was found to lead to better outcomes across the various fields of medicine when compared to PRP, whereas 24% found no differences between the groups. Reasons and inconsistencies across the studies may be attributed to protocol differences and tissue types. Overall, additional clinical studies are needed with well-designed research and centrifugation protocols to better understand the regenerative potential of platelet concentrates in medicine. i-PRF offers a more sustained and prolonged release of growth factors and was favored in the majority of studies over PRP and should, therefore, be favored for the majority of medical and dental applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic risk variants implicate impaired maintenance and repair of periodontal tissues as causal for periodontitis—A synthesis of recent findings","authors":"Arne S. Schaefer, Luigi Nibali, Noha Zoheir, Niki M. Moutsopoulos, Bruno G. Loos","doi":"10.1111/prd.12622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12622","url":null,"abstract":"Periodontitis is a complex inflammatory disease in which the host genome, in conjunction with extrinsic factors, determines susceptibility and progression. Genetic predisposition is the strongest risk factor in the first decades of life. As people age, chronic exposure to the periodontal microbiome puts a strain on the proper maintenance of barrier function. This review summarizes our current knowledge on genetic risk factors implicated in periodontitis, derived (i) from hypothesis‐free systematic whole genome‐profiling studies (genome‐wide association studies [GWAS] and quantitative trait loci [QTL] mapping studies), and independently validated through further unbiased approaches; (ii) from monogenic and oligogenic forms of periodontitis; and (iii) from syndromic forms of periodontitis. The genes include, but are not limited to, <jats:italic>SIGLEC5</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PLG, ROBO2</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ABCA1, PF4,</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>CTSC</jats:italic>. Notably, <jats:italic>CTSC</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>PLG</jats:italic> gene mutations were also identified in non‐syndromic and syndromic forms of prepubertal and early‐onset periodontitis. The functions of the identified genes in this review suggest that the pathways affected by the periodontitis‐associated gene variants converge in functions involved in the maintenance and repair of structural integrity of the periodontal tissues. Particularly, these genes play a role in the healing of inflamed and ulcerated periodontal tissues, including roles in fibrinolysis, extrusion of cellular debris, extracellular matrix remodeling and angiogenesis. Syndromes that include periodontitis in their phenotype indicate that neutrophils play an important role in the regulation of inflammation in the periodontium. The established genetic susceptibility genes therefore collectively provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms and plausible causal factors underlying periodontitis.","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143417313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of the European Federation of Periodontology on European and global periodontology","authors":"Mariano Sanz, Joanna Kamma, Moshe Goldstein, Maurizo Tonetti","doi":"10.1111/prd.12620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12620","url":null,"abstract":"The European Federation of Periodontology (EFP), founded in 1991, is a non‐profit organization comprising 43 national periodontal societies worldwide, representing over 18 000 professionals. Its mission is to promote periodontology and oral health globally. The EFP's strategic objectives include advancing the practice and development of periodontology, promoting scientific research, ensuring the integrity of the profession, and raising awareness of the link between periodontal and general health. These goals are pursued through initiatives such as EuroPerio, the EFP's flagship scientific congress held every 3 years, which attracts thousands of global participants, and European Workshops in Periodontology (EWPs), which foster evidence‐based discussions and produce consensus reports. These workshops have produced landmark publications, including the new classifications of periodontal diseases and S3‐level clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of periodontitis and peri‐implant diseases. Additionally, the organization plays a central role in setting standards for postgraduate education in periodontology, accrediting programs across Europe and internationally, with 24 universities offering EFP‐accredited programs as of 2024. The EFP also publishes the Journal of Clinical Periodontology, a key platform for disseminating scientific and clinical research. Through outreach campaigns in collaboration with global partners, the EFP aims to raise awareness of the links between periodontal health and systemic diseases, engaging medical professionals, international organizations, policymakers, and patient groups. A notable initiative is Gum Health Day, held annually on May 12, to promote public awareness of periodontal health. The EFP's activities have significantly contributed to the development of modern periodontology, both academically and clinically, with a substantial global impact.","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143072377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Platelet-rich plasma and plasma rich in growth factors in extra-oral wound care.","authors":"Jeniffer Perussolo, Elena Calciolari, Xanthippi Dereka, Nikolaos Donos","doi":"10.1111/prd.12572","DOIUrl":"10.1111/prd.12572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This narrative review evaluates the existing literature on the clinical efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and plasma rich in growth factors (PRGFs) in extra-oral wound care, considering their potential benefits and drawbacks. The review specifically focuses on the impact of these treatments on patients' quality of life, pain management, treatment costs, recurrence rates, and potential complications. Given the extensive literature and diverse range of extra-oral wound types in which these autologous platelet concentrates have been applied, this narrative review focuses on the most frequently described wound types, including diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers, pressure ulcers, surgical wounds, and burns. The use of PRP has been reported in various medical specialties, with a low risk of adverse events. While there is a growing interest in the use of PRGF with promising results, the available literature on this topic is still limited. Only a few studies evaluated patients' perception of the treatment and the relationship between treatment costs and clinical outcomes. Data on recurrence rates and complications also vary across studies. In conclusion, PRP and PRGF show promise as alternatives or as adjunctive therapies to conventional treatments for various extra-oral wounds and ulcers, leading to reduced wound size and accelerated healing time but should be considered on a case-by-case basis, taking into account the type and severity of the wound.</p>","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":" ","pages":"320-341"},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141760206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autologous platelet concentrates in alveolar ridge preservation: A systematic review with meta-analyses.","authors":"Sayed Ahmad Manoetjer Siawasch, Jize Yu, Ana B Castro, Rutger Dhondt, Wim Teughels, Andy Temmerman, Marc Quirynen","doi":"10.1111/prd.12609","DOIUrl":"10.1111/prd.12609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to evaluate the therapeutic advantages of various autologous platelet concentrates (APC) as a single biomaterial during alveolar ridge preservation (ARP), a systematic review with meta-analyses was conducted. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus were screened for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that were released prior to 2024. The selected papers compared an APC with either unassisted healing (blood clot) or another biomaterial during ARP (third molars were not included). The outcome parameters included alveolar bone dimension alterations, soft tissue healing, and post-op pain intensity. The search yielded 35 papers (33 studies), one applying platelet-rich plasma (PRP), six using plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF), and 28 using leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF). These studies showed a large heterogeneity (e.g., outcome parameters, timing, surgical approach, and inclusion criteria), which hindered drawing strong conclusions. In most studies, however, ARP with PRP, PRGF, and L-PRF alone produced faster soft tissue healing, less post-extraction pain, less alveolar ridge resorption, more socket bone fill, and a higher bone density when compared to unassisted (spontaneous) healing. The ultimate benefit appears to be significantly influenced by the surgical approach. Limited literature exists comparing APC with other biomaterials for ARP, resulting in inconclusive data. APC application for ARP is a promising strategy to improve soft and hard tissue healing and reduce post-extraction pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":" ","pages":"104-130"},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142351373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autolougous platelet concentrates in esthetic medicine.","authors":"Catherine Davies, Richard J Miron","doi":"10.1111/prd.12582","DOIUrl":"10.1111/prd.12582","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This narrative review summarizes current knowledge on the use of autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) in esthetic medicine, with the goal of providing clinicians with reliable information for clinical practice. APCs contain platelets that release various growth factors with potential applications in facial and dermatologic treatments. This review examines several facial esthetic applications of APCs, including acne scarring, skin rejuvenation, melasma, vitiligo, stretchmarks, peri-orbital rejuvenation, peri-oral rejuvenation, hair regeneration and the volumizing effects of APC gels. A systematic review of literature databases (PubMed/MEDLINE) was conducted up to October 2023 to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in the English language on APCs for facial rejuvenation and dermatology. A total of 96 articles were selected including those on platelet rich plasma (PRP), plasma-rich in growth factors (PRGF), and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF). Clinical recommendations gained from the reviews are provided. In summary, the use of APCs in facial esthetics is a promising yet relatively recent treatment approach. Overall, the majority of studies have focused on the use of PRP with positive outcomes. Only few studies have compared PRP versus PRF with all demonstrating superior outcomes using PRF. The existing studies have limitations including small sample sizes and lack of standardized assessment criteria. Future research should utilize well-designed RCTs, incorporating appropriate controls, such as split-face comparisons, and standardized protocols for APC usage, including optimal number of sessions, interval between sessions, and objective improvement scores. Nevertheless, the most recent formulations of platelet concentrates offer clinicians an ability to improve various clinical parameters and esthetic concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":" ","pages":"363-419"},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11808453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}