Thomas Kocher,Peter Meisel,Sebastian Baumeister,Birte Holtfreter
{"title":"Impact of public health and patient-centered prevention strategies on periodontitis and caries as causes of tooth loss in high-income countries.","authors":"Thomas Kocher,Peter Meisel,Sebastian Baumeister,Birte Holtfreter","doi":"10.1111/prd.12592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12592","url":null,"abstract":"In high-income countries, the oral health of the population is influenced by public health interventions, widespread use of oral care products, dental practice measures, and the cost of dental treatment. We compiled information on changes of the prevalence of proximal and upstream determinants of periodontitis, caries, and tooth loss over the last three decades to outline their potential effects on changes of oral health during this period. Information was retrieved from repeated cross-sectional studies and from published literature. While both the prevalence of edentulism and the number of missing teeth (from the DMF-T index) decreased, the number of sound teeth as well as the total number of teeth increased. The prevalence of severe periodontitis was unchanged, whereas the prevalence of periodontal health and moderate periodontitis may have increased to a minor extent. Concerning oral health risk factors, the proportion of individuals with tertiary education increased, while smoking prevalence declined. More and more people used oral care products. Whether one reimbursement system worked better than another one in terms of tooth retention could not be elucidated. In tooth retention, population-wide use of fluoridated toothpastes had the greatest impact. To some extent, the higher number of teeth present may be related to the more frequent use of interdental cleaning aids and powered toothbrushes. Since there was no decrease in severe periodontitis in most cohorts, periodontal interventions probably contributed little to improved tooth retention.","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142324953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kay-Arne Walther,Sabine Gröger,Jonas Adrian Helmut Vogler,Bernd Wöstmann,Jörg Meyle
{"title":"Inflammation indices in association with periodontitis and cancer.","authors":"Kay-Arne Walther,Sabine Gröger,Jonas Adrian Helmut Vogler,Bernd Wöstmann,Jörg Meyle","doi":"10.1111/prd.12612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12612","url":null,"abstract":"Inflammation is a complex physiological process that plays a pivotal role in many if not all pathological conditions, including infectious as well as inflammatory diseases, like periodontitis and autoimmune disorders. Inflammatory response to periodontal biofilms and tissue destruction in periodontitis is associated with the release of inflammatory mediators. Chronic inflammation can promote the development of cancer. Persistence of inflammatory mediators plays a crucial role in this process. Quantification and monitoring of the severity of inflammation in relation to cancer is essential. Periodontitis is mainly quantified based on the severity and extent of attachment loss and/or pocket probing depth, in addition with bleeding on probing. In recent years, studies started to investigate inflammation indices in association with periodontal diseases. To date, only few reviews have been published focusing on the relationship between blood cell count, inflammation indices, and periodontitis. This review presents a comprehensive overview of different systemic inflammation indices, their methods of measurement, and the clinical applications in relation to periodontitis and cancer. This review outlines the physiological basis of inflammation and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of the parameters described. Key inflammation indices are commonly utilized in periodontology such as the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio. Inflammation indices like the platelet to lymphocyte ratio, platelet distribution width, plateletcrit, red blood cell distribution width, lymphocyte to monocyte ratio, delta neutrophil index, and the systemic immune inflammation index are also used in hospital settings and will be discussed. The clinical roles and limitations, relationship to systemic diseases as well as their association to periodontitis and treatment response are described.","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"216 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S A M Siawasch,J Yu,A B Castro,A Temmerman,W Teughels,M Quirynen
{"title":"Autologous platelet concentrates after third molar extraction: A systematic review.","authors":"S A M Siawasch,J Yu,A B Castro,A Temmerman,W Teughels,M Quirynen","doi":"10.1111/prd.12600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12600","url":null,"abstract":"Surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars is often followed by postoperative sequelae like pain, swelling, trismus, etc. This systematic review explored the benefits of applying different autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) in the extraction socket of third molars. For this systematic review, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus have been utilized, initially yielding 544 papers. The search was narrowed to randomized controlled trials (RCTs, n = 59) published before 2024, all comparing the outcome of applying APCs in the extraction socket of surgically removed impacted mandibular third molars with unassisted healing (blood clot). Most RCTs primarily assessed the impact of APCs on postoperative sequelae. Some RCTs looked at soft- and hard-tissue healing. Eleven studies used PRP, three PRGF, and 45 L-PRF. A detailed analysis revealed a large heterogeneity between studies rendering a meta-analysis impossible. Moreover, the risk of bias was considered high. In the majority of RCTs, the application of an APC resulted in statistically significant reductions of postoperative sequelae (lower pain intensity, lower consumption of analgesics, less postoperative edema, and a lower incidence of trismus and alveolar osteitis), as well as a faster soft tissue healing, and qualitatively and quantitatively better bone healing. A minority of studies reported significant differences in periodontal parameters distally from the second molar.","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"216 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nelson Pinto, Jize Yu, Sushil Koirala, Carlos Fernando Mourão, Catherine Andrade, Enrico Rescigno, Yelka Zamora, Diego Pinto, Marc Quirynen
{"title":"L‐PRF in extra‐oral wound care","authors":"Nelson Pinto, Jize Yu, Sushil Koirala, Carlos Fernando Mourão, Catherine Andrade, Enrico Rescigno, Yelka Zamora, Diego Pinto, Marc Quirynen","doi":"10.1111/prd.12605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12605","url":null,"abstract":"Leukocyte‐ and platelet‐rich fibrin (L‐PRF), a by‐product of centrifuged autologous whole blood, contains high concentrations of platelets, leukocytes, and fibrin (the latter spontaneously creating a strong 3‐D network (a membrane)). L‐PRF membranes possess several characteristics essential in wound healing, including a barrier function, an antibacterial and analgesic activity, and the release of growth factors enhancing tissue regeneration and neo‐vasculogenesis. This review investigated the role of L‐PRF in treating non‐responding chronic wounds such as diabetic foot, venous leg ulcers, pressure ulcers, complex wounds, leprosy ulcers (Hansen's Disease), and other demanding wounds. Chronic wounds affect millions worldwide, negatively impacting their quality of life, productivity, and life expectancy while incurring high treatment costs for themselves and private and public health systems. L‐PRF has demonstrated clear adjunctive advantages in treating chronic skin wounds, shortening the time to complete wound closure, and improving patient‐reported outcome measures (including reducing pain and minimizing the need for analgesics). Also, in other demanding wounds, L‐PRF facilitates healing. To help clinicians, this article also proposes recommendations for the use of L‐PRF in the treatment of extra‐oral wounds.","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epidemiological associations between periodontitis and cancer.","authors":"Jon Higham,Frank A Scannapieco","doi":"10.1111/prd.12599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12599","url":null,"abstract":"There is a postulated association of periodontitis with a number of human cancers. This narrative review provides current epidemiological evidence on the association between periodontitis and cancer. A PubMed search with the relevant keywords (periodontal disease, periodontitis, cancer, and malignancy) was completed to identify relevent articles. We present a narrative review on the association between periodontal disease and a range of cancers, including oral cancer, stomach and esophageal cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, hematological malignancies, liver cancer, breast cancer, and ovarian cancer. While there is a considerable body of epidemiological evidence that supports the association between periodontal disease and cancer, this is largely from cohort and case-control studies and the association may therefore be circumstantial as little evidence exists in the form of treatment trials that would validate the role of periodontal disease in the process of cancer initiation and development.","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Severe periodontitis and congenital cytomegalovirus: Cleft lip and cleft palate","authors":"Jørgen Slots, Vanessa Slots","doi":"10.1111/prd.12606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12606","url":null,"abstract":"Severe periodontitis lesions can harbor several hundred‐thousand copies of active cytomegalovirus, and this paper proposes that cytomegalovirus in maternal periodontitis can infect the fetus. Cleft lips and palates may be oral examples of congenital cytomegalovirus infection. Anti‐cytomegalovirus periodontal treatment is indicated for high‐risk women who exhibit severe periodontitis and weakened immune system and are contemplating pregnancy or are in the first trimester of pregnancy.","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marc Quirynen, Anton Sculean, J. Blanco, Hom‐Lay Wang, Nikos Donos
{"title":"Introduction and overview on autogenous Platelet concentrates","authors":"Marc Quirynen, Anton Sculean, J. Blanco, Hom‐Lay Wang, Nikos Donos","doi":"10.1111/prd.12607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12607","url":null,"abstract":"This special issue on autologous platelet concentrates (APCs) provides clinicians with an overview on the current understanding of the use of these biomaterials for soft and hard‐tissue regeneration. The included papers summarize scientific evidence and the clinical findings, presented in simple tables that outline potential benefits including Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs). This approach enables clinicians to assess clinical relevance and researchers to identify significant gaps in the literature. The first part provides a comprehensive summary of the basic science surrounding APC, with particular focus on their preparation methods. Clear recommendations are outlined, which are crucial for obtaining high‐quality APCs, alongside an exploration of how APCs may influence both soft and hard tissue healing processes. Part 2 delves into the clinical evidence for the potential benefits of APCs across a range of applications: alveolar ridge preservation, sinus floor elevation, periodontal plastic surgery, guided tissue regeneration, guided bone regeneration, the healing of Medication‐Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ), and endodontic surgery. In the part 3, the discussion turns to the effects of APCs on the healing of extra‐oral wounds, including diabetic foot ulcers, venous leg ulcers, pressure injuries, burns, and more. For those clinicians persuaded by the evidence, the fourth section offers a detailed, step‐by‐step flowchart for each treatment modality, providing a clear guide for clinical application.","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":"2015 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142170894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Clotilde Carra, Pauline Balagny, Philippe Bouchard
{"title":"Sleep and periodontal health.","authors":"Maria Clotilde Carra, Pauline Balagny, Philippe Bouchard","doi":"10.1111/prd.12611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sleep is fundamental for health and well-being. An adequate amount and quality of sleep is a cardinal component of a healthy lifestyle at the basis of the prevention of many non-communicable chronic diseases. Recent evidence suggests that sleep disorders, particularly obstructive sleep apnea, represent an emerging risk factor for periodontal health. This review article provides a critical appraisal of the existing literature concerning the association between sleep duration, sleep quality, sleep disorders in general, and obstructive sleep apnea with periodontal diseases, including gingivitis and periodontitis. The putative mechanisms underlying these associations are described as well as the potential clinical implications for diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Torbjørn Jarle Breivik, Per Gjermo, Yngvar Gundersen, Per Kristian Opstad, Robert Murison, Anders Hugoson, Stephan von Hörsten, Inge Fristad
{"title":"Microbiota-immune-brain interactions: A new vision in the understanding of periodontal health and disease.","authors":"Torbjørn Jarle Breivik, Per Gjermo, Yngvar Gundersen, Per Kristian Opstad, Robert Murison, Anders Hugoson, Stephan von Hörsten, Inge Fristad","doi":"10.1111/prd.12610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review highlights the significance of interactions between the microbiota, immune system, nervous and hormonal systems, and the brain on periodontal health and disease. Microorganisms in the microbiota, immune cells, and neurons communicate via homeostatic nervous and hormonal systems, regulating vital body functions. By modulating pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory adaptive immune responses, these systems control the composition and number of microorganisms in the microbiota. The strength of these brain-controlled responses is genetically determined but is sensitive to early childhood stressors, which can permanently alter their responsiveness via epigenetic mechanisms, and to adult stressors, causing temporary changes. Clinical evidence and research with humans and animal models indicate that factors linked to severe periodontitis enhance the responsiveness of these homeostatic systems, leading to persistent hyperactivation. This weakens the immune defense against invasive symbiotic microorganisms (pathobionts) while strengthening the defense against non-invasive symbionts at the gingival margin. The result is an increased gingival tissue load of pathobionts, including Gram-negative bacteria, followed by an excessive innate immune response, which prevents infection but simultaneously destroys gingival and periodontal tissues. Thus, the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory adaptive immunity is crucial in controlling the microbiota, and the responsiveness of brain-controlled homeostatic systems determines periodontal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142133411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A narrative review on the use of autologous platelet concentrates during alveolar bone augmentation: Horizontal (simultaneous/staged) & vertical (simultaneous/staged).","authors":"J Blanco, J Caramês, M Quirynen","doi":"10.1111/prd.12604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/prd.12604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review aimed to answer the general question of whether autologous platelet concentrates (APCs, an autologous blood-derivative) can improve the outcome of alveolar bone augmentation. Three clinical scenarios were assessed: horizontal/vertical bone augmentation in combination with implant placement (simultaneous approach), horizontal bone augmentation in a staged approach, and vertical bone augmentation in a staged approach. An electronic literature search strategy was conducted for each review from the outset to July 1st, 2023. The titles and abstracts (when available) of all identified studies were screened and imported into a database. If articles appeared to meet the inclusion criteria or their title and abstract had insufficient data, the full text was obtained to make the final decision. All studies that met the inclusion criteria underwent data extraction. Moreover, the references of the identified papers were screened for additional studies. After title and abstract screening and selection criteria application, 14 clinical studies were included for the qualitative analysis: seven for horizontal/vertical bone augmentation in a simultaneous approach, five for horizontal bone augmentation in a staged approach, and two for vertical bone augmentation in a staged approach. There is scarce literature regarding the added value of APCs in bone augmentation, and most studies had small sample sizes, a lack of standardized protocols, and different outcome variables, which makes comparisons between studies difficult. Out of the 14 studies, four were well-designed randomized clinical trials, where we could find better results for the APCs groups. Most studies, particularly comparative and well-designed studies, demonstrated beneficial and promising results of using APCs in alveolar bone augmentation. However, before high-level evidence-based conclusions can be drawn, more randomized clinical trials must compare the benefits of adding APCs to the gold-standard approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":19736,"journal":{"name":"Periodontology 2000","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":17.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142093663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}