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"Before Him Went Pestilence" (Hab 3:5): Biblical Lexis and Semantic Field of Epidemics "在他之前有瘟疫"（哈 3:5）：圣经词典与流行病的语义领域
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n2a13
Jozef Jancovic
{"title":"\"Before Him Went Pestilence\" (Hab 3:5): Biblical Lexis and Semantic Field of Epidemics","authors":"Jozef Jancovic","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n2a13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n2a13","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the various biblical terms for epidemics and their etymologies in order to define their meanings in their literary and theological contexts. It considers the possible divine or demonic background of the lexemes for epidemics, from the triad of Hebrew terms deber, qeteb and resep, which are used in some of the mythological passages of Bible. Major works on the subject proceed from the assumption that these terms were demons in the ancient Near East or that they were deities who became demonised by the authors of the Hebrew Bible. Close attention is paid to the linguistic and semantic aspects of the texts in their immediate contexts in order to determine the function of each term. The study shows a clear difference in meaning between the terms, although in some cases their semantic contents overlap. However, their function as God's negative agents prevail regardless of their original meaning and this is a consistent phenomenon with other Hebrew concepts of mythological origins in the Bible.","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139277986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Is Jethro an Ingroup or an Outgroup? Group Analysis of the Hebrew Bible and Its Early Interpretations 杰特罗是 "内群 "还是 "外群"？希伯来圣经及其早期解释的群体分析
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n2a5
Rota Stone
{"title":"Is Jethro an Ingroup or an Outgroup? Group Analysis of the Hebrew Bible and Its Early Interpretations","authors":"Rota Stone","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n2a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n2a5","url":null,"abstract":"A social scientific approach to the Hebrew Bible allows us to ask questions that were not central to writers of the biblical narrative. Thus, the article uses concepts from group processes in social psychology to analyse the group identity of Moses'father-in-law as he is portrayed in the Bible and early Jewish and Christian interpretations. Jethro is a particularly interesting figure as he displays characteristics of both an ingroup and an outgroup member. This analysis illustrates how tools from social sciences can contribute not only to a better understanding of group relations in the narrative of the Hebrew Bible but also in the communities of early Jewish and Christian interpreters of these texts.","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139278990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
"Ascribe Power to God, Whose Majesty Is over Israel, and Whose Power Is in the Skies" (Ps 68:35): The Theological Intent of Pss 65-68 and Their Connections with the Prologue to the Psalter (Pss 1-2) “将能力归给神，他的威严在以色列之上，他的能力在天上”(诗篇68:35):诗篇65-68的神学意图及其与诗篇序言的联系(诗篇1-2)
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a5
P. J. Botha
{"title":"\"Ascribe Power to God, Whose Majesty Is over Israel, and Whose Power Is in the Skies\" (Ps 68:35): The Theological Intent of Pss 65-68 and Their Connections with the Prologue to the Psalter (Pss 1-2)","authors":"P. J. Botha","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a5","url":null,"abstract":"Psalms 65-68 constitute an editorially arranged and adapted cluster of psalms expressing universal praise and thanksgiving near the end of Book II of the Psalms. The article describes the theological purpose of the four psalms. There is a strong emphasis on God's presence in the temple in Zion as a source of blessing for his elected people, the cosmos he created and all humanity. Through his magnificent involvement in creation and the history of his people, his fame as creator, righteous judge, and supreme ruler of the world will spread to the ends of the earth. By linking the cluster through keywords with Pss 1-2, the editors demonstrated how God's benevolent and just involvement with his people would lead to his being universally recognised as the only God.","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42341048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Decolonial Post-Tribal Interpretation: Proto-Tribal Socio-Economic Contestation in 3 Reigns 12:24p-t 非殖民化的后部落解释:三王时期的原始部落社会经济争论
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a7
G. West
{"title":"Decolonial Post-Tribal Interpretation: Proto-Tribal Socio-Economic Contestation in 3 Reigns 12:24p-t","authors":"G. West","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a7","url":null,"abstract":"This article reflects on the socio-economic and tribal dimensions of both 3 Reigns 12:24p-t and the post-1994 South African transition. Mahmood Mamdani's recent book, Neither Settler nor Native, provides an analysis of political decolonisation in post-apartheid South Africa, in which he identifies two areas of failure within the significant gains made during South Africa' s transition from apartheid to democracy-socio-economic justice and tribalisation. These two areas are the unfinished business of our substantive decolonisation of the political. In this article, I use Mamdani' s analysis as an exegetical dialogue partner, probing the socioeconomic and tribal dimensions of 3 Reigns 12:24p-t and identifying this text as a proto-tribal text which documents the emergence of tribal economics. Methodologically, this article establishes a to-and-fro tripolar movement between the contemporary South African context and the biblical text.","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41795491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Woman with Multiple Identities: Reading the Ruth Character in Post-Apartheid South Africa 一个多重身份的女人：解读后种族隔离南非的露丝
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a11
Madipoane Masenya (Ngwan’a Mphahlele)
{"title":"A Woman with Multiple Identities: Reading the Ruth Character in Post-Apartheid South Africa","authors":"Madipoane Masenya (Ngwan’a Mphahlele)","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a11","url":null,"abstract":"Our varied identities as Old Testament scholars located on the African continent need to shape our reading processes as well as our scholarship. The Ruth character in the Book of Ruth in the Hebrew Bible carries multiple identities. If the character is engaged within the intersection of foreignness, migration, gender, and economic survival, which reading may emerge? How would such a reading impact the theory and praxis of South African Old Testament scholarship in present-day South Africa?","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45944707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Theological Language in Crisis? The Importance of Trauma Hermeneutics for Exploring Gendered Metaphors for God in the Book of Jeremiah 危机中的神学语言？创伤解释学对探索《耶利米书》中上帝的性别隐喻的重要性
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a12
L. Claassens
{"title":"Theological Language in Crisis? The Importance of Trauma Hermeneutics for Exploring Gendered Metaphors for God in the Book of Jeremiah","authors":"L. Claassens","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a12","url":null,"abstract":"In this article that explores male and female metaphors for God in the Hebrew Bible, I argue with specific reference to the book of Jeremiah that the intersection of trauma and gender is particularly important in considering how tumultuous times inevitably impact the way people spoke and continue to speak about God. In this regard, recent developments in terms of gender theory including queer biblical interpretation and masculinity studies help us to engage critically with the gendered metaphors used for God in the Hebrew Bible. For instance, it will be shown how important it is to trouble binary constructions, i.e., in terms of male metaphors for God, to break the cycle of toxic masculinity that leads to further violence in an endless cycle of humiliation, shame and retaliation. And also, to, when it comes to female metaphors for God, move beyond a romanticised understanding of motherhood that is rooted in a prescriptive, essentialising understanding of gender.","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41471566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prophets, Kings, and Vulnerability in South Africa Today 今天南非的先知、国王和脆弱性
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a4
H. van Rooy
{"title":"Prophets, Kings, and Vulnerability in South Africa Today","authors":"H. van Rooy","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a4","url":null,"abstract":"Can the Bible, specifically, the Old Testament/Hebrew Bible, contribute to cultural and socio-political issues prevalent in South Africa today? The struggle today can be linked to the inability of the government to respond to issues such as poverty, unemployment and the provision of basic services, such as water, sanitation and electricity. Can churches make such a contribution, not only by criticising but also by being a part of the solutions to these issues? In seeking answers to the questions posed above, can we learn anything from the tensions between prophets and kings in the time of the Old Testament/Hebrew Bible that can be applied to the current situation in South Africa? How, in other words, did they navigate some of their cultural and socio-political differences, and what can we learn or gain from their wisdom and practices? This contribution investigates important passages in Deuteronomy and the interaction between kings and prophets in the different periods in the history of Israel- in the former and latter prophets. It is not the role of churches to engage in politics. They should, however, remain true to their faith and live and preach as a witness in and to society. The safeguarding of the rights of the people, social justice or the lack thereof, must be an important part of this witness.","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42182491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
It's a Matter of Justice! The Old Testament and the Idea of Retribution 这是正义的问题！旧约与报应思想
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a9
H. Ausloos
{"title":"It's a Matter of Justice! The Old Testament and the Idea of Retribution","authors":"H. Ausloos","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a9","url":null,"abstract":"This essay aims to do justice to an often misunderstood aspect of the concept of biblical - in this case, Old Testament - justice, namely the doctrine of retribution. Following on some introductory matters regarding the terminology, the various facets of the Old Testament idea of retribution will be presented: individual retribution, collective and corporative retribution, and transgenerational retribution. Moreover, God's role within the Old Testament 'doctrine of retribution' will be dealt with. Finally, it will be shown that, in some instances, Old Testament authors also have highlighted some risky sides of this 'doctrine of retribution'.","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46727252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sacred Texts Produced under the Shadows of Empires: Double Consciousness and Decolonial Options in Reading the Hebrew Biblel 在帝国阴影下产生的神圣文本:阅读希伯来圣经的双重意识和非殖民化选择
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a14
Hulisani Ramantswana
{"title":"Sacred Texts Produced under the Shadows of Empires: Double Consciousness and Decolonial Options in Reading the Hebrew Biblel","authors":"Hulisani Ramantswana","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a14","url":null,"abstract":"The Hebrew Bible is a complex of sacred texts shaped and reshaped by Israelites, Judaeans and later Jews under the shadows of empires, which threatened, oppressed, dominated and at times provided protection to them. At the same time, they more often than not had to resist, shun, and yet forcefully submit to the empire and on other occasions, they supported, colluded with and mimicked the empire. This essay explores decolonial options for reading the Hebrew Bible, considering two determinations: the Hebrew Bible is a product of the colonised and was influenced and sponsored by the empire.","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46147828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Discerning the So-called Abomination in Lev 18:22 and 20:13 in Relation to Holiness, Honour and Shame 辨别利未记18:22和20:13中所谓的可憎之物与圣洁、荣耀和羞耻的关系
Old Testament essays Pub Date : 2023-07-13 DOI: 10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a8
H. Bosman
{"title":"Discerning the So-called Abomination in Lev 18:22 and 20:13 in Relation to Holiness, Honour and Shame","authors":"H. Bosman","doi":"10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17159/2312-3621/2023/v36n1a8","url":null,"abstract":"Abomination does not appear in the earliest legal collection (Covenant Code) but in Deuteronomy and Deuteronomistic literature, it refers to what is incompatible with YHWH both cultically and ethically in order to maintain the uniqueness of the holy YHWH in the cult and of Israel amongst its neighbours. Abomination is also not used in priestly literature but only in the youngest of the legal collections (Holiness Code). The prohibition of male-male sexual intercourse in Lev 18:22 and 20:13 should be read contextually by relating it to its specific literary and theological-ethical context and not just accepting it as an unconditional legal instruction in general. It is rather a parenetic call to guard against incest as a shaming act that damages the honour of a family. It also entails the rhetorical appeal to the holiness and honour of YHWH as motivation for regulating sexual relations in the family in terms of procreation- procreation not as a timeless creational order but a contextually informed concept that strikes a balance between holiness and honour as well as defilement and shame, informed by the introductory focus on atonement in Lev 16, the reading of Lev 18 during Yom Kippur and the centrality of love for the neighbour and stranger in Lev 19.","PeriodicalId":19713,"journal":{"name":"Old Testament essays","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43996740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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