Stefanie Lerche, Isabel Wurster, Enza Maria Valente, Micol Avenali, Daniela Samaniego, Marta Martínez-Vicente, Jorge Hernández-Vara, Ariadna Laguna, Andrea Sturchio, Per Svenningsson, Nicholas P. France, Carrolee Barlow, Sethu Sankaranarayanan, Kathrin Brockmann
{"title":"CSF d18:1 sphingolipid species in Parkinson disease and dementia with Lewy bodies with and without GBA1 variants","authors":"Stefanie Lerche, Isabel Wurster, Enza Maria Valente, Micol Avenali, Daniela Samaniego, Marta Martínez-Vicente, Jorge Hernández-Vara, Ariadna Laguna, Andrea Sturchio, Per Svenningsson, Nicholas P. France, Carrolee Barlow, Sethu Sankaranarayanan, Kathrin Brockmann","doi":"10.1038/s41531-024-00820-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-024-00820-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Variants in <i>GBA1</i> result in dysregulated sphingolipids. We investigated five CSF d18:1 sphingolipid species in a longitudinal multicenter cohort comprising people with Parkinson’s Disease and Dementia with Lewy bodies with and without <i>GBA1</i> variants and healthy controls. We found no increase of sphingolipid species in heterozygous <i>GBA1</i> variant participants and no effect on development of cognitive impairment. Thus, CSF d18:1 sphingolipids are not suitable as state markers in Parkinson’s Disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19706,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Parkinson's Disease","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142489745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alexandra Evancho, Melissa Do, Damiana Fortenberry, Rebecca Billings, Alibek Sartayev, William J. Tyler
{"title":"Vagus nerve stimulation in Parkinson’s disease: a scoping review of animal studies and human subjects research","authors":"Alexandra Evancho, Melissa Do, Damiana Fortenberry, Rebecca Billings, Alibek Sartayev, William J. Tyler","doi":"10.1038/s41531-024-00803-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-024-00803-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is a prevalent, progressive neurodegenerative disease with motor and non-motor symptoms. Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) has emerged as a potential therapeutic approach for PD, but published research on this topic varies widely. This scoping review maps existing literature on VNS for PD, highlighting stimulation methods, operational parameters, safety profiles, neurophysiological mechanisms, and clinical outcomes in human and animal models. Online databases were used to identify 788 papers published between 2013 and 2023, from which 17 publications on invasive and non-invasive VNS in PD were selected. Studies showed high variability in VNS parameters and study design. Evidence in animal models and human subjects suggests potential neurophysiological effects on PD-related pathology and motor function improvements. However, significant gaps in the literature remain. Future research should include rigorous reporting of study design, standardization of stimulation parameters, and larger sample sizes to ultimately facilitate translation of VNS into clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19706,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Parkinson's Disease","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142489750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Florencia Sanmartino, Fátima Cano-Cano, Raúl Rashid-López, Álvaro Javier Cruz-Gómez, Elena Lozano-Soto, Paloma Macías-García, Francisco L. Sánchez-Fernández, Fernando López-Sosa, Laura Gómez-Jaramillo, Jesús Riqué-Dormido, Francisco Escamilla-Sevilla, Raúl Espinosa-Rosso, Javier J. González-Rosa
{"title":"Significance of neurodegeneration and neuroplasticity serum biomarkers in Parkinson’s disease patients treated with subthalamic stimulation","authors":"Florencia Sanmartino, Fátima Cano-Cano, Raúl Rashid-López, Álvaro Javier Cruz-Gómez, Elena Lozano-Soto, Paloma Macías-García, Francisco L. Sánchez-Fernández, Fernando López-Sosa, Laura Gómez-Jaramillo, Jesús Riqué-Dormido, Francisco Escamilla-Sevilla, Raúl Espinosa-Rosso, Javier J. González-Rosa","doi":"10.1038/s41531-024-00808-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-024-00808-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The ability of serum biomarkers to predict the prognosis and response to deep-brain stimulation (DBS) therapy in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients is promising. Here, we showed that NfL differed between healthy individuals and PD patients and that changes in NfL, GFAP, and BDNF occurred only transiently after DBS surgery. Therefore, subthalamic stimulation does not promote neurodegeneration, and these biomarkers do not serve as clinical improvement endpoints in PD DBS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19706,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Parkinson's Disease","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142488798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veronica A. Wang, Scott Delaney, Lauren E. Flynn, Brad A. Racette, Gary W. Miller, Danielle Braun, Antonella Zanobetti, Daniel Mork
{"title":"The effect of air pollution on hospitalizations with Parkinson’s disease among medicare beneficiaries nationwide","authors":"Veronica A. Wang, Scott Delaney, Lauren E. Flynn, Brad A. Racette, Gary W. Miller, Danielle Braun, Antonella Zanobetti, Daniel Mork","doi":"10.1038/s41531-024-00815-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-024-00815-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We examined the effect of annual exposure to fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>), nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>), and ozone (O<sub>3</sub>), on the rate of first hospitalization with a PD-related diagnosis (hospitalization with PD) among Medicare Fee-for-Service beneficiaries (2001-2016). Machine learning-derived annual air pollution concentrations were linked to residential ZIP codes. For each exposure, we fitted four models: 1) traditional outcome stratification, 2) marginal structural, 3) doubly robust, and 4) generalized propensity score matching Poisson regression models, adjusted for sociodemographic and meteorological confounders and long-term trends. Among 49,121,026 beneficiaries, incidence rate ratios of 1.08 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.10), 1.07 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.08), and 1.03 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.05) for an interquartile range increase in PM<sub>2.5</sub> (3.72 µg/m<sup>3</sup>), NO<sub>2</sub> (13.84 ppb), and O<sub>3</sub> (10.09 ppb), respectively, were estimated from doubly robust models. Results were similar across modeling approaches. In this nationwide study, higher air pollution exposure increased the rate of hospitalizations with PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19706,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Parkinson's Disease","volume":"21 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142488799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A review of temporal interference, nanoparticles, ultrasound, gene therapy, and designer receptors for Parkinson disease","authors":"A. D. Currie, J. K. Wong, M. S. Okun","doi":"10.1038/s41531-024-00804-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-024-00804-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this review, we summarize preclinical and clinical trials investigating innovative neuromodulatory approaches for Parkinson disease (PD) motor symptom management. We highlight the following technologies: temporal interference, nanoparticles for drug delivery, blood-brain barrier opening, gene therapy, optogenetics, upconversion nanoparticles, magnetothermal nanoparticles, magnetoelectric nanoparticles, ultrasound-responsive nanoparticles, and designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs. These studies establish the basis for novel and promising neuromodulatory treatments for PD motor symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":19706,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Parkinson's Disease","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142488800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Depletion of ATP13A2 in adult brain induces a Parkinsonian phenotype in mice and non-human primates.","authors":"Veerle Baekelandt","doi":"10.1038/s41531-024-00814-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-024-00814-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19706,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Parkinson's Disease","volume":"35 1","pages":"193"},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142489340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Uroos Akber, Jun-Hyung Jung, Heewoong Yoon, Jiwon Seo, Chul-Seung Park
{"title":"CRBN modulates synuclein fibrillation via degradation of DNAJB1 in mouse model of Parkinson disease","authors":"Uroos Akber, Jun-Hyung Jung, Heewoong Yoon, Jiwon Seo, Chul-Seung Park","doi":"10.1038/s41531-024-00801-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-024-00801-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cereblon (CRBN) is a substrate recruiter for CRL4<sup>CRBN</sup> E3 ubiquitin ligase system playing a plethora of pivotal roles for biological systems. Here, we identified DNAJB1 (DJ1) as endogenous substrate of CRBN and report how CRBN influences the aggregation and toxicity of alpha-synuclein (α-SYN) <i>via</i> modulation of DJ1. CRBN interferes with molecular activities of DJ1 in vitro, in cells, and in vivo resulting in a reduced disaggregation of α-SYN fibrils, increased formation of preformed fibrils (PFFs) of α-SYN, and high susceptibility of mice to MPTP and PFF-induced neurotoxicity. Depletion of <i>Crbn</i> improves the behavioral and biochemical responses of mice towards neurotoxic insult. Finally, we designed a peptide inhibitor to inhibit the recruitment of DJ1 to CRBN for ubiquitination, resulting in an enhanced supply of DJ1 to counteract the toxicity of aggregated α-SYN. Our data has important implications for development of CRBN-targeting therapies that could prevent or delay progression of neurodegenerative synucleinopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19706,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Parkinson's Disease","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142487504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kathi Ging, Lukas Frick, Johannes Schlachetzki, Andrea Armani, Yanping Zhu, Pierre-André Gilormini, Ashutosh Dhingra, Desirée Böck, Ana Marques, Matthew Deen, Xi Chen, Tetiana Serdiuk, Chiara Trevisan, Stefano Sellitto, Claudio Pisano, Christopher K. Glass, Peter Heutink, Jiang-An Yin, David J. Vocadlo, Adriano Aguzzi
{"title":"Direct and indirect regulation of β-glucocerebrosidase by the transcription factors USF2 and ONECUT2","authors":"Kathi Ging, Lukas Frick, Johannes Schlachetzki, Andrea Armani, Yanping Zhu, Pierre-André Gilormini, Ashutosh Dhingra, Desirée Böck, Ana Marques, Matthew Deen, Xi Chen, Tetiana Serdiuk, Chiara Trevisan, Stefano Sellitto, Claudio Pisano, Christopher K. Glass, Peter Heutink, Jiang-An Yin, David J. Vocadlo, Adriano Aguzzi","doi":"10.1038/s41531-024-00819-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-024-00819-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mutations in <i>GBA1</i> encoding the lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (GCase) are among the most prevalent genetic susceptibility factors for Parkinson’s disease (PD), with 10–30% of carriers developing the disease. To identify genetic modifiers contributing to the incomplete penetrance, we examined the effect of 1634 human transcription factors (TFs) on GCase activity in lysates of an engineered human glioblastoma line homozygous for the pathogenic <i>GBA1</i> L444P variant. Using an arrayed CRISPR activation library, we uncovered 11 TFs as regulators of GCase activity. Among these, activation of <i>MITF</i> and <i>TFEC</i> increased lysosomal GCase activity in live cells, while activation of <i>ONECUT2</i> and <i>USF2</i> decreased it. While MITF, TFEC, and USF2 affected <i>GBA1</i> transcription, ONECUT2 might control GCase trafficking. The effects of MITF, TFEC, and USF2 on lysosomal GCase activity were reproducible in iPSC-derived neurons from PD patients. Our study provides a systematic approach to identifying modulators of GCase activity and deepens our understanding of the mechanisms regulating GCase.</p>","PeriodicalId":19706,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Parkinson's Disease","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142487507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Grip strength, genetic predisposition, and Incident Parkinson’s disease: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank","authors":"Wei Hu, Chun-Hua Zhao, Yue-Qing Huang, Bao-Peng Liu, Cun-Xian Jia","doi":"10.1038/s41531-024-00810-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-024-00810-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To examine the association and modifiable risk factors between grip strength (GS) and Parkinson’s disease (PD) incidence considering genetic factors, a total of 411,648 individuals without PD at baseline from the UK Biobank were included. GS was measured by a hydraulic dynamometer. The polygenic risk score assessed the genetic predisposition. Multivariable Cox regression models were performed. During a median follow-up of 12.3 years, 2409 individuals developed PD. Compared with those with high GS, low-GS individuals had a 58.5% increased risk of PD (42.7%–76.1%), and 16.3% of this excess risk could be explained by adjusted risk factors. Low GS and high genetic predisposition contribute to the highest PD risk in an additive interaction. We observed that low GS was associated with higher PD incidence, particularly among individuals with high genetic predisposition. In addition to enhancing GS, interventions targeting risk factors (e.g., unhealthy lifestyles) might also reduce the excess risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19706,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Parkinson's Disease","volume":"233 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142452176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"α-synuclein seed amplification assay sensitivity may be associated with cardiac MIBG abnormality among patients with Lewy body disease","authors":"Masanori Kurihara, Katsuya Satoh, Ryosuke Shimasaki, Keiko Hatano, Kensuke Ohse, Kenichiro Taira, Ryoko Ihara, Mana Higashihara, Yasushi Nishina, Masashi Kameyama, Atsushi Iwata","doi":"10.1038/s41531-024-00806-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41531-024-00806-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although α-synuclein seed amplification assays (α-syn SAA) are promising, its sensitivity may be affected by heterogeneity among patients with Lewy body disease (LBD). We evaluated whether α-syn SAA sensitivity is affected by patient heterogeneity, using <sup>123</sup>I-meta-iodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) cardiac scintigraphy in early drug-naïve patients. Thirty-four patients with clinically established or probable Parkinson’s disease (PD) and seven with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) or prodromal DLB were included. While 85.2% of patients with abnormal cardiac MIBG were α-syn SAA positive, only 14.3% were positive among those with normal scans. Logistic regression analysis showed that MIBG positivity was the only significant variable associated with α-syn SAA positivity (odds ratio 74.2 [95% confidence interval 6.1–909]). Although α-syn SAA is sensitive for LBD in patients with abnormal MIBG, the sensitivity may be lower in those with normal MIBG. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the association between patient heterogeneity and α-syn SAA sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19706,"journal":{"name":"NPJ Parkinson's Disease","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142452137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}