Optics express最新文献

{"title":"Highly tunable flat-top thin-film lithium niobate electro-optic frequency comb generator with 148 comb lines.","authors":"Jingyi Wang, Qi Wang, Mengyue Xu, Yuntao Zhu, Yanqun Wang, Huadi Deng, Xinlun Cai","doi":"10.1364/OE.561993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.561993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electro-optic (EO) frequency combs offer distinct advantages, such as high flexibility in tuning the central wavelength and line spacing, insensitivity to input light power, and good spectral flatness, compared to other broadband microcombs and mode-locked lasers. EO combs are a perfect match for data communication requirements due to their lower power fluctuations per comb line and flexible frequency spacing. To date, flat EO combs demonstrate limited bandwidth and line numbers. Here, we present a Mach-Zehnder modulator cascade with three phase modulators with only a 3 V RF half-wave voltage at 25 GHz on a thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) on silicon. The device is fabricated using a wafer-scale deep ultraviolet lithography process and is packaged with fiber pigtails and RF connectors for robust and stable testing. The TFLN-based packaged frequency comb generator produces 148 comb lines at a 25-GHz repetition rate with a power variation of 10 dB. The central wavelength is tuned to enable the frequency comb to cover the S, C, L, and U bands.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"33 11","pages":"23431-23439"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Q tunable orbital angular momentum radiation.","authors":"Yunqiao Yin, Ye Zhang, Xiaofeng Xu, Lei Gao","doi":"10.1364/OE.562020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.562020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lasers and light emitters typically do not radiate fields with orbital angular momentum (OAM). So far, the generation of single photons carrying OAM mainly relies on nonlinear processes in bulk crystals, which limits the scalability and efficiency of the source. To facilitate the realization of highly efficient OAM single-photon sources, we demonstrate a microresonator vortex emitter producing high-<i>Q</i> OAM vortex beams with the ability to precisely define the topological charge of the OAM mode. The phenomenon relies on the application of periodic perturbations on the nanobars, which generate a series of resonance modes in continuous guided spectra. Future developments of integrated quantum photonic devices with OAM single-photon sources may enable high-dimensional quantum information processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"33 11","pages":"23883-23892"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-quality pulse compression using a hybrid all-bulk multipass cell scheme.","authors":"V W Segundo Staels, E Conejero Jarque, J San Roman","doi":"10.1364/OE.558073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.558073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a detailed numerical study of ultrashort pulse compression using a three-stage hybrid all-bulk multipass cell scheme. By operating in the enhanced frequency chirp regime, we achieve the compression of pulses from around 180 fs to 4 fs pulse duration (a total compression factor above 45), with side lobes contributing with intensity values lower than 0.3 % of the peak intensity. Optimal conditions for the enhanced frequency chirp regime propagation have been identified, enabling smooth spectral broadening and high-quality temporal profiles. The first two stages are based on bulk multipass cells to achieve a controlled spectral broadening, while the third stage consists of a thin plate to reach the spectral broadening needed for few cycle pulses without leaving the enhanced frequency chirp regime.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"33 11","pages":"23194-23203"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-depth study of emission dynamics in (Dy,Tb):LuAG transparent ceramics.","authors":"Angela Pirri, Enrico Cavalli, Jiang Li, Elisa Sani, Longfei Wu, Yanqiu Jing, Paolo Matteini, Matteo Vannini, Guido Toci","doi":"10.1364/OE.550342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.550342","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dy:Lu₃Al₅O₁₂ ceramics co-doped with Tb³⁺ have been fabricated by vacuum pre-sintering at high temperature and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) and characterized from a spectroscopic point of view in order to assess their potentialities as yellow emitting laser materials. The intensities of the room temperature absorption transitions of Dy³⁺ have been reproduced in the frame of the Judd-Ofelt parametrization scheme and the resulting Ω<i>_t</i> (t = 2, 4, 6) parameters have been used to estimate its radiative properties in this host material; the calculation has taken into account the near-infrared absorption bands as well as the hypersensitive ⁶F_11/2←⁶H_15/2 transition. The emission measurements at 10 K carried out upon 262 nm laser excitation provide information on the Stark structures of the lowest levels of both Tb³⁺ and Dy³⁺, thanks to an efficient energy transfer process between the two ions. The complex excited state dynamics of the studied ceramics have been investigated at room temperature in different experimental conditions. In particular, a new approach is proposed for assessing the beneficial effect of the Tb³⁺ co-doping ions on the Dy³⁺ yellow emission channel, based on the comparison between the decay profiles measured in different excitation conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"33 11","pages":"23767-23781"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated NV (nitrogen vacancy) real-time vector magnetometer with high sensitivity and wide dynamic range.","authors":"Jianghao Fu, Yingjie Yang, Xuanhui Ren, Doudou Zheng, Yang Li, Chenyu Hou, Qingli Zhang, Zhonghao Li, Hao Guo, Huanfei Wen, Jun Tang, Yasuhiro Sugawara, Yanjun Li, Zongmin Ma, Jun Liu","doi":"10.1364/OE.548080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.548080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we present a real-time vector magnetic field tracking method based on nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers magnetic detection technique. By combining optical detection magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectroscopy with multi-channel microwave frequency modulation (FM) technology, magnetic field information for each NV axis is extracted from the fluorescence signals captured by a single photodetector (PD), followed by real-time demodulation. The real-time vector magnetic field tracking method is more than 28 times faster than the frequency hopping method. Subsequently, multi-channel feedback control is introduced to track the resonance frequency of each NV axis in real-time, enabling real-time vector tracking measurements. The experimental results show that the dynamic range of the AC magnetic field is ±148.8 µT for the X, ± 151.2 µT for the Y, and ±152.5 µT for the Z. The sensitivities are 0.93nT/Hz, 0.76nT/Hz, 0.54nT/Hz respectively, which further validated the feasibility of the method. The method has potential applications in space exploration, medical diagnosis, navigation and other fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"33 11","pages":"22385-22395"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid metal-based terahertz metamaterial sensors with integrated microfluidic channels for sensitive biosensing applications.","authors":"Xue Li, Jingye Sun, Xuan Yao, Yuning Li, Qing You, Mingqiang Zhu, Tao Deng","doi":"10.1364/OE.562765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.562765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, we designed, fabricated, and experimentally validated liquid metal (LM)-based terahertz (THz) metamaterial (MM) sensors in the THz frequency range. The sensor consists of two layers of embedded microfluidic channels filled with liquid metal (LM) and liquid analyte, respectively, where the LM layer functions as the MM resonators. By designing different resonant structures (MM-1 and MM-2), different desired sensing effects can be obtained theoretically and experimentally. The finite integral method (FIT) was used to verify the resonant characteristics of the sensors, where the simulated results show that MM-1 gives a sensitivity of 46 GHz/RIU and a figure of merit (FOM) of 0.98, while MM-2 exhibits a quality factor (<i>Q</i>) of 14.11. The sensors were fabricated by traditional lithography and characterized by a THz time-domain spectroscopy system (THz-TDS) for bovine serum albumin (BSA) and glucose solution detections. The experimental results reveal that the resonant frequencies show significant redshifts when the concentrations of BSA and glucose solution increase. For the MM-1 sensor, the limit of detections (LODs) for BSA and glucose solutions are 0.13 mg/mL and 1.31 mmol/L, respectively. For the MM-2 sensor, the frequency shift reaches 80.2 GHz when the concentration of BSA is as high as 10 mg/mL, and the LODs for BSA and glucose solutions are 0.19 mg/mL and 2.37 mmol/L, respectively. The sensors exhibit the merits of small size, easy operation, and fast detection speed, and show the potential for rapid concentration measurement, biomolecular detection, and disease diagnosis in the biomedical field.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"33 11","pages":"23476-23490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and luminescence study of green lighting MAPbBr₃ perovskite thin films in air environment.","authors":"Jia Nie, Guangjun Lu, Jiande Su, Quanfu Li, Fuqian Li, Huahong Zou, Liucheng Gui, Jun Liu, Fengzhen Lv, Qiwei Zhang, Xunjun He","doi":"10.1364/OE.561644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.561644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, organic-inorganic hybrid metal halide perovskites have attracted widespread attention in the field of optoelectronics due to their advantages such as high color purity, solution processability, and adjustable band gap. Perovskites, as the light-emitting functional layer material of light-emitting devices, are very sensitive to water and oxygen in the air. Usually, the preparation of such perovskite films needs to be carried out in a glove box filled with inert gas, which makes it difficult to achieve industrial mass production. This study attempts to prepare perovskite luminescent films in an air environment. In the preparation of perovskite precursor solution, three preparation methods, pure MAPbBr₃, MAPbBr₃ + GBA, and MAPbBr₃ + GBA + PEO, were used, respectively. The luminescence properties and film quality of the formed films were compared. The main conclusions could be drawn as follows: 1) The addition of GBA and PEO improves the photoluminescence properties of the film, among which the MAPbBr₃ + GBA + PEO film has the best luminescence performance. 2) SEM morphology observations show that pores in the MAPbBr₃ + GBA + PEO film are smaller, the grains are more tightly bonded, and XRD analysis shows that its crystallization quality is better, proving that the addition of GBA and PEO is beneficial to passivating the defects of the perovskite film. 3) The prepared MAPbBr₃ + GBA + PEO film was placed in air for a week, and the PL intensity remained at 95.5% of the initial value, indicating that it has good stability in the air environment, and the film was also used to make a perovskite light-emitting diode that can emit green light, further confirming the feasibility of synthesizing perovskite light-emitting films in air. This study has a certain role in promoting the synthesis of perovskite light-emitting films in air and large-scale industrial production.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"33 11","pages":"23358-23366"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotated 8QAM probabilistic shaping scheme based on DM-OFDM-IM over an underwater magnetic induction communication system.","authors":"Jiyuan Wang, Jianxin Ren, Bo Liu, Yaya Mao, Xiumin Song, Shuaidong Chen, Xue Tang, Lilong Zhao, Rahat Ullah","doi":"10.1364/OE.561594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.561594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper introduces a rotated 8QAM probabilistic shaping (PS) scheme based on dual-mode orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing with index modulation (DM-OFDM-IM) over an underwater magnetic induction (MI) communication system. The key aspect of DM-OFDM-IM is its use of two distinct signal constellations to modulate the carrier signal independently. We categorize the 8QAM constellations into internal and external groups. We divide the subcarriers within the whole bit block into two groups: the index selection group and the constellation mapping group. The internal constellation transmission probability is advanced by making the index bits of the index selection group correspond to different constellation modulations' times and order. The modulation index is structured to achieve a 3:1 ratio between the internal and external constellation signals. This approach enhances the likelihood of transmitting low-energy internal signals, thereby lowering the bit error rate (BER). Comparative analysis with the constant composition distribution matching (CCDM) method reveals no significant performance differences. Additionally, constellation rotation is integrated to improve signal robustness in Rayleigh fading channels, increasing diversity gain without expanding bandwidth or power consumption. To validate the scheme's underwater performance, a practical experiment was conducted at 15 cm water depth, transmitting DM-OFDM-IM-based PS rotated 8QAM signals over a 23 cm distance at 62.18 Kb/s. Results demonstrate that constellation rotation significantly enhances signal reliability despite its simplicity. Compared to conventional 8QAM, the proposed method extends the communication distance by 4.6 cm at a hard-decision forward error correction (FEC) bit error rate (BER) limit of 3.8 × 10^-3. This approach achieves high performance in MI communication with low complexity and ease of implementation, positioning it as a promising solution for future short-range underwater magnetic communication systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"33 11","pages":"23342-23357"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wrapped phase denoising: a WISE-transformer and comprehensive comparisons.","authors":"Yuxuan Zou, Shenzhen Lv, Cheston Tan, Kemao Qian","doi":"10.1364/OE.563309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.563309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wrapped phase denoising is a fundamental task in optical metrology, with numerous traditional and deep learning methods developed in the past decades. In this work, we first propose yet another deep learning method called WISE-Transformer, which is a novel U-shaped transformer model that incorporates both windowed and inter-window self-attention to balance local structure preservation and global context integration. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that WISE-Transformer achieves state-of-the-art performance, comparing with other popular deep learning models across multiple evaluation metrics. During the experiments, we also verify the effectiveness of using sine and cosine phases as the network input and a dynamic data generation strategy to enhance training diversity. Next, a rigorous and comprehensive comparison is carried out among WISE-Transformer (as a representative of deep learning methods), windowed Fourier transform (WFT) (as a representative of traditional methods), and the theoretical Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRB), to clarify the capabilities, advantages and disadvantages of wrapped phase denoising methods. WISE-Transformer not only convincingly outperforms the WFT, but also interestingly breaks the CRB in simulated settings. While WISE-Transformer maintains competitive performance on real experimental data, it is shown less effective than WFT methods, underscoring the generalization challenge as a core focus of our future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"33 11","pages":"22360-22379"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Achromatization of efficiency of multifocal diffractive optical elements using tailored double-layer structures.","authors":"Lia Schmidt, Hartmut Hillmer, Robert Brunner","doi":"10.1364/OE.560681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.560681","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multifocal diffractive optical elements (MFDOEs) form images at different scene distances using interleaved sawtooth patterns. However, single-layer MFDOEs exhibit wavelength-dependent efficiency distributions, causing chromatic variations. This work introduces multilayer MFDOEs with two materials of different dispersion characteristics being separated by a sawtooth structure, enabling efficiency achromatization across multiple diffraction orders. The focus is on selecting two materials with a wavelength-dependent refractive index difference Δ<i>n</i> (<i>λ</i>), for which the refractive index contrast Δ<i>n</i>(<i>λ</i>)/<i>λ</i> remains nearly constant. Exemplarily, the inorganic glass K-SSK3 and the polymer PS are investigated. The achromatization degree is assessed using mean absolute error (<i>MAE</i>) and root mean square error (<i>RMSE</i>). Optimal achromatic efficiency is demonstrated for orders <i>m</i> = 0, 1, 2. For specific geometries, simultaneous achromatization is achieved, distributing efficiency as 50% in <i>m</i> = 1 and 25% in <i>m</i> = 0, 2 over the wavelength range from 0.5 to 0.8 µm. These results advance the development of highly efficient achromatic MFDOEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"33 11","pages":"23850-23864"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144294438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}