Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Knowledge Attitudes and Behaviors of Postgraduate Nursing Students Regarding Evidence","authors":"Emel Tuğrul, Süreyya Bulut","doi":"10.30958/ajhms.9-3-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhms.9-3-3","url":null,"abstract":"This analytical-cross-sectional study aims to determine the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of nursing students receiving postgraduate education regarding evidence-based nursing. The study was carried out between 1 March 2021 and 31 August 2021 with 115 students who received postgraduate education in different departments of nursing. The data of the study were collected using a questionnaire and the students’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding evidence-based nursing scale. Number, percentage, standard deviation, t-Test, and ANOVA test were used in the analysis of the data. It was determined that 87.8% of the students took scientific research courses, 94.8% knew to do a literature review, and 81.7% followed scientific journals related to their field. While 60% of the students took evidence-based practices course, 53% had difficulty in reaching evidence-based practices. The students’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding evidence-based nursing scale mean score was found to be 71.93±12.14. The study had found that the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding evidence-based practices of the students who received postgraduate education in the field of nursing were at a good level. It has been determined that the students are willing to do scientific research and follow the scientific literature. Keywords: evidence-based practice, nursing education, postgraduate education","PeriodicalId":196877,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123204688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Testing of a Web Application to Improve Entry-to-Practice Pediatric Nursing Competencies: A Proof-of-Concept Study","authors":"Ruth Chen, Haris Saud","doi":"10.30958/ajhms.9-3-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhms.9-3-1","url":null,"abstract":"Nurse educators can design technology-enhanced learning supports to prepare graduates to meet entry-to-practice (ETP) competencies and pass licensure examinations. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a proof-of-concept web application (Web App) to facilitate understanding of ETP competencies, and to explore the Web App’s potential to improve performance on NCLEX readiness tests. We developed and evaluated the Web App in two stages. We focused on identifying important technical considerations involved in creating the Web App, developing learning content, and creating self-testing questions for learners in the Pilot phase. In the full-scale implementation phase, participants accessed the Web App content and self-testing questions and completed a study questionnaire and knowledge test; a subset of participants completed the NCLEX readiness test. Web App participants demonstrated a small-medium effect size on the knowledge test for overall score (d=0.39) and knowledge transfer (d=0.44) when compared with non-participants. There was no significant difference in performance on the NCLEX readiness test between participants and non-participants. This proof-of-concept study supported the development, implementation, and evaluation of a Web App to promote learning of ETP competencies. Future research directions include development and evaluation of technology-enhanced learning aids that align with nursing curricula and ETP competencies. Keywords: education technology, web application, competency-based education, entry-to-practice competencies","PeriodicalId":196877,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127712343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of Nursing Students’ Eating Attitudes and Affecting Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"O. Çam, Elif Deniz Kaçmaz, C. Guler","doi":"10.30958/ajhms.9-3-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhms.9-3-2","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to determine the eating attitudes of university students and the factors affecting these attitudes. The descriptive study was conducted with 711 nursing students studying at a public university nursing faculty. A Personal Information Form and Eating Attitude Test (EAT) were used as data collection tools. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were used in the evaluation of the data. 59.6% of students had a normal range in Body Mass Index (BMI). The mean EAT score of the students was 16.64±9.12. As a result of the chi-square analysis, there was a statistically significant difference between the groups in the EAT scores of variables such as satisfaction with weight and body image; parental attitude; satisfaction with the department; self-worth; perceived general health status; presence of a chronic disease; professional psychological support; diet and physical exercise; and attention to diet (p<0.05). It was determined that 8.9% of the students participating in the study are at risk of developing an eating disorder. It was determined that the students' perceived parental attitudes, being satisfied with their body image and weight, self-worth, diet and physical exercise, and paying attention to their diet all affect their eating attitudes. Keywords: student, nurse, eating attitudes","PeriodicalId":196877,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122017623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a Low-Intensity Walking Intervention on Walking Performance Measures in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease","authors":"Ingrid K. M. Brenner, C. Brown, S. Hains, J. Tranmer, D. Zelt, Peter Brown","doi":"10.30958/ajhms.9-2-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhms.9-2-3","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a low-intensity (pain-free) walking intervention on walking performance and self-report measures in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Thirty-three participants who experienced intermittent claudication were assigned to either a walking group (n = 18) or a comparison group (n = 15). The walking group performed a structured walking program (pain-free walking, 5 days per week for 12 weeks). The comparison group maintained their usual daily activities. Tests of walking performance included a treadmill test (pain-free, functional and maximal walking distances were measured) and the 6-minute walk test. Self-perception of walking ability was determined using the walking impairment questionnaire. Circulatory measures were obtained from the ankle-brachial index, (ABI). Participants were assessed at the beginning (Week 1) and end of the study (Week 12). Members of the walking group significantly increased their walking performance and self-perception of walking ability, whereas the ABI remained the same. These results show that participation in a 12-week, low-intensity (pain-free) exercise program can enhance physical performance, perception of walking ability and maintain the ABI suggesting that a home-based exercise program is a viable alternative to traditional exercise programs prescribed for patients with symptomatic PAD. Keywords: peripheral artery disease, exercise, walking performance, ankle-brachial index, walking impairment questionnaire","PeriodicalId":196877,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116804397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Vaccine R&D in the Pharmaceutical Sector","authors":"Francesca Pantaleone","doi":"10.30958/ajhms.9-2-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhms.9-2-4","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to analyse the economic and financial assets that influence vaccine research investments by pharmaceutical companies. Starting from vaccine manufacturing process, the first part describes European Union (EU) and United States (US) regulatory systems and the relative Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs). Then, the main obstacles to vaccine research and the main strategies suitable to enhance it are discussed. The second part introduces an empirical analysis of 10 pharmaceutical companies’ corporate Research and Development (R&D) from the 2008-2015 period by using STATA 12, through a Fixed Effect estimation of two models. The three hypotheses considered regard the main assets that influence vaccine research and why, the relevance of properties acquisition as a substitute for R&D as whether regulatory framework does obstruct investments choices or not. The results confirm that liquidity and size have a positive impact on vaccine research, whereas leverage influences it negatively. In addition, more acquisitions lead to fewer R&D investments since companies find less expensive to acquire knowledge rather than investing on it. Finally, a Chow Test that considers 2010 as a breaking point, led to no structural breaks for panel data, which implies that the new European Regulatory Directive on pharmacovigilance has no influence on the pharmaceutical companies’ behaviour. Keywords: vaccines, health economics, research & development","PeriodicalId":196877,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123796683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Cannabidiol on Dugesia Dorotocephala Head Regeneration","authors":"H. Hughes, Victoria Hughes","doi":"10.30958/ajhms.9-2-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhms.9-2-2","url":null,"abstract":"The endocannabinoid system regulates synaptic transmissions. It is comprised of two G protein-coupled receptors, cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) and cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), a degradation system and the endocannabinoids, a group of lipidic ligands. The connection between JNK, cannabinoids, and regeneration has led to the hypothesis that cannabinoids impact both regeneration and the levels of the enzymes required for the regenerative process. Thus, by encouraging neoblasts to enter the M phase, cannabinoids would speed up effective regeneration. These regeneration pathways may have implications in cancer research. In addition, CB1 reception suppresses the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma, indicating that the endocannabinoid system may be a possible course of treatment for cancer patients. CB2 receptors in nonimmune cells have revealed the benefits of agonists on osteoporosis and post‐ischemic heart failure. In order to understand the effects of cannabidiol on the regenerative process and neural transmission, we conducted experiments on Dugesia dorotocephala. Dugesia dorotocephala is an ideal candidate for the endocannabinoid model because they are more genetically uniform than most natural populations and their regeneration is specifically tied to cannabinoid receptors. We transversally cut twenty-four Dugesia dorotocephala to analyze differences in head regeneration in solutions with varying amounts of cannabidiol. We found that Dugesia dorotocephala in CBD solutions have a faster rate of head regeneration, yet our results were not statistically significant. The increased rate of head regeneration in Dugesia dorotocephala in CBD solution may be attributed to the stimulation of neoblasts to enter the M-Phase of the cell cycle. Keywords: cannabidiol (CBD), planaria, regeneration, endocannabinoid","PeriodicalId":196877,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127341853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19: A Selective Short Literature Review","authors":"Zoe Boutsioli, V. Bigelow, Olga Gkounta","doi":"10.30958/ajhms.9-2-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhms.9-2-1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is an introduction to the book publication “Essays on COVID-19 Research” and presents a survey of thirty-one selected articles that have been published in various ATINER academic journals since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. All of these essays have undergone a double-blind peer review process and have been accepted for publication. The aim of this survey is to summarize the main research findings of these papers and highlight their major conclusions. These papers cover research related to COVID-19 from a variety of research fields that include Health; Mass Media and Communication; Sociοlogy; Business and Economics; Tourism; Education; and Law. Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, deaths, lockdowns, vaccinations, well-being, recovery plan, distance education","PeriodicalId":196877,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130527588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study of Paediatric Supracondylar Fractures of the Humerus Presented During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Faaiz Ali Shah, Mian Amjad Ali, Naeemullah Naeemullah, M. Bilal","doi":"10.30958/ajhms.9-1-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhms.9-1-2","url":null,"abstract":"Supracondylar fracture of the humerus is one of the most common fractures in children. The purpose of our study was to analyze the temporal variations and mechanisms of paediatric supracondylar fractures presented to our hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown period. As the schools and parks were closed and children were confined to their homes, they were thus more prone to injuries while playing inside. We claim that this would be the first study in Pakistan to provide unique information about these fractures. We conducted this descriptive study in the Accident and Emergency Department at Lady Reading Hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan from 18th March 2020 to 18th June 2020. In the enrolled children data regarding day and time of fracture occurrence, mechanism of fracture, height of furniture or play equipment from which the children fall and types of landing surfaces were all noted. Important variables were compared and a Chi-square test was applied to calculate P value (P<0.05 was considered significant). The total number of children in our study was 160 with a mean age of 5.3±1.3 years. The most common mechanism of fracture was fall from furniture (63.1%, n=101) and the landing surface was cemented or tiled floor in the majority (84.1%, n=101) of children. Maximum (40.6%, n=65) number of fractures were reported in the month of April and on a Monday (23.7%, n=38). Most (65.6%, n=105) children sustained fractures in PM time. The peak time of occurrence of fracture was 1700 h. We concluded that the majority of children sustained fractures due to a fall from furniture landing on hard cemented or tiled surfaces. Maximum number of fractures was reported in the month of April and on a Monday. Most of these injuries occurred in the evening and were operated on at night. The increased frequency of paediatric supracondylar fractures in the COVID-19 pandemic supports that preventative strategies should focus more on adult supervision, prevention of falls from furniture and provision of softer landing surfaces to lessen the impact of injury. Keywords: fracture, gartland, humerus, paediatric, supracondylar, surface resilience, temporal variations, weekday","PeriodicalId":196877,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128942167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosocial Impact of COVID-19 on Malta’s Elderly","authors":"Michael Galea, A. Sammut, P. Grech, J. Scerri, Daniela Calleja Bitar, Stephania Dimech Sant","doi":"10.30958/ajhms.9-1-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhms.9-1-1","url":null,"abstract":"A global pandemic raises concerns among each human being. However, this is a more pressing reality among vulnerable groups, such as the elderly. It is the scope of this study to investigate the potential psycho-social risks that COVID-19 presents to the elderly in Malta, with a particular focus on their holistic mental health status. Public data, gathered and published by Richmond Foundation Malta, a local NGO, was analyzed during an eleven-month period (2020/2021) during eight different time-points. Two findings were highlighted: first, the roll out of vaccines is still not a room for complacency. This pandemic experience has been, and still is, a learning experience especially to authorities on how to respond to the needs of society, particularly the vulnerable groups. Secondly, results show that generally, a healthy life-style was maintained among most elderly in this study. However, virtual contact with family and friends declined over time, virtual religious programs were maintained, while social isolation increased. This study addressed the importance of attending to the holistic wellness of the elderly during critical times like the pandemic, be they the physical, social, emotional, and religious realities of this population. Furthermore, closing the digital divide was found as a truly relevant realm that calls for more serious considerations. Hopefully, this assists the elderly both in self-care and their concerns about other-care as well. A number of practical recommendations were presented. Keywords: COVID-19, elderly, older adults, psychosocial impact, well-being, mental health","PeriodicalId":196877,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116569433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical Perspectives of the Effect of Immunotherapy on the Quality of Life of Cancer Patients","authors":"S. Johncy","doi":"10.30958/ajhms.9-1-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30958/ajhms.9-1-3","url":null,"abstract":"Immunotherapy is a type of treatment that improves an individual’s ability to detect and attack cancerous tissues. The main objective of adopting immunotherapy in cancer treatment is to improve the patient’s quality of life (QoL). To address the problems faced by cancer patients post immunotherapy, it is critical to conduct an extensive review to understand the factors impacting the QoL of immunotherapy patients. Quality of life is a concept very relevant to the discipline of nursing. With instrument development and population description, oncology nurses have improved the quality of life in cancer patients. The theoretical proposition of behavior change may be the best fit for understanding the difference in cancer patients’ quality of life after immunotherapy, but it has limited scope of application considering its deficit in theoretical components. In cooperation with doctors and other health professionals, nurses need to develop a conceptual framework of QoL specific to immunotherapy to measure patient‐reported outcomes in this cohort of patients. Keywords: immunotherapy, cancer, quality of life, cancer theory, cancer patient","PeriodicalId":196877,"journal":{"name":"Athens Journal of Health and Medical Sciences","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123284383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}