Open Forum Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir for COVID-19 Among Individuals at High Risk: A Modeling Study.","authors":"Emma Birnie, Magda Vergouwe, Brent Appelman, Jason J Biemond, Jarom Heijmans, Brooke E Nichols, W Joost Wiersinga, Stephanie Popping","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaf187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To prevent severe disease, nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (nirmatrelvir/r) is administered to individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 who are at high risk, and it is currently priced at approximately $1375 in the Netherlands. We aim to evaluate the health outcomes and cost-effectiveness of nirmatrelvir/r among patients with high risk of severe disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a decision-analytic model parameterized with clinical and health care utilization data from individuals at high risk who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 between September 2021 and November 2023. We assumed baseline event rates of 1% for hospitalization and 0.05% for intensive care unit admission. Nirmatrelvir/r-related factors were varied. Costs were collected from a third-party payer's perspective, and the cost-effectiveness threshold was <$88 000 per quality-adjusted life-year gained. Sensitivity analyses were performed to account for uncertainties.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 949 individuals at high risk who were infected with SARS-CoV-2. The sample had a median age of 65 years (IQR, 53-75), and 416 (44%) participants were female. Comorbidities included obesity (25%), hematologic malignancy (21%), solid organ/stem cell transplantation (17%), and immunosuppressive medication use (47%). With an assumed low effectiveness, nirmatrelvir/r could reduce hospitalizations and deaths (relative risk reduction, 21% and 44%, respectively). With high effectiveness, relative risk reductions of 89% and 90% were calculated for hospitalizations and deaths. Higher baseline rates for intensive care unit and hospital admission positively influenced cost-effectiveness thresholds. Nirmatrelvir/r is cost-effectively priced at <$512 with low effectiveness and <$1071 with high effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>With current low baseline event rates for hospitalization, nirmatrelvir/r has the potential, not only to reduce hospitalizations and deaths in individuals with COVID-19 who are at high risk, but to do so cost-effectively with a drug price reduction of 22% to 63%. These findings are relevant for policy makers and physicians and emphasize the importance of reevaluating current drug pricing.</p><p><strong>Clinical trials registration: </strong>NCT05195060 (ClinicalTrials.gov).</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 4","pages":"ofaf187"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Female Genital Schistosomiasis (FGS) in a Nonendemic Setting: Retrospective Case-Notes Review of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i>-Positive FGS Cases at the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, London, With a Pragmatic Clinical Pathway for Nonendemic Settings.","authors":"Hannah Rafferty, Clare E Warrell, Spencer Polley, Rashmita Bodhani, Laura E Nabarro, Gauri Godbole, Amaya L Bustinduy, Eyrun F Kjetland, Michael H Hsieh, Peter L Chiodini","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaf180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Female genital schistosomiasis (FGS), the genital manifestation of <i>S. haematobium</i> infection in women, results in protean gynecological symptoms and longer-term complications. FGS affects an estimated 75% of women with <i>S. haematobium</i>, totaling 56 million women, mainly in Sub-Saharan Africa. With increasing migration, FGS will be encountered more frequently in nonendemic settings. Despite this, evaluation of FGS diagnosis and management and guidelines for these settings are lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective case-notes review was undertaken of patients presenting to the Hospital for Tropical Diseases, London, from 1998 to 2018 with <i>S. haematobium</i> ova in terminal urine or on biopsy. Descriptive and outcome variables were collected. Specific FGS variables included documented gynecological symptoms and referrals to sexual health and gynecology specialists. Results informed a clinical pathway aiding diagnosis and management of FGS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 186 patients with <i>S. haematobium</i> ova in terminal urine or biopsy were included, 62 (33.3%) of whom were women. Four women had documented gynecological symptoms (4/62, 6.5%). Two symptomatic women were referred to gynecology (2/4, 50%), and 2 were lost to follow-up (2/4, 50%). Gynecological symptoms were not documented for many women, despite proven <i>S. haematobium</i> infection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Given that 75% of women with <i>S. haematobium</i> infection may have FGS, there is a gap in diagnosis in this nonendemic setting. We developed a clinical pathway to improve diagnosis and management of FGS, including inquiry about gynecological symptoms, followed by targeted referrals to gynecology, sexual health, and urological imaging. By formalizing a pathway, we aim to improve FGS care in this nonendemic setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 5","pages":"ofaf180"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unrecognized Tuberculosis: Risk Factors for Smear-Positive/Cavitary Asymptomatic Cases.","authors":"Jee Youn Oh, Timothy C Rodwell, Rehan R Syed, Yousang Ko, Jinsoo Min, Hyung Woo Kim, Hyeon-Kyoung Koo, Yun-Jeong Jeong, Eun Hye Lee, Bumhee Yang, Ganghee Chae, Ju Sang Kim, Sung-Soon Lee, Hun-Gyu Hwang, Jaehee Lee, Heung Bum Lee, Juock Na, Jae Seuk Park","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaf176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Screening patients with asymptomatic active tuberculosis (TB) is crucial as they can transmit the disease. Identifying the risk factors for transmission is essential for targeted screening. Understanding how the infectiousness of asymptomatic patients with TB affects disease outcomes is crucial for developing strategies to control TB spread.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed the national Korean TB cohort data to determine the factors associated with transmission risk and clinical outcomes in patients with asymptomatic pulmonary TB. The primary outcome was the factors associated with a risk factor for transmission, while the secondary outcome was mortality in asymptomatic patients with pulmonary TB stratified by transmission risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 20 455 patients with pulmonary TB, 7434 (36.4%) were asymptomatic, while 1520 (25.5%) had potential transmission risks, indicated by a positive sputum acid-fast bacillus smear test or cavitation on chest radiographs. The factors associated with a higher transmission risk included male sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.385; 95% CI, 1.172-1.636; <i>P</i> < .001), low body mass index (BMI; OR, 1.687; 95% CI, 1.420-2.004; <i>P</i> < .001), current smoking (OR, 1.443; 95% CI, 1.213-1.716; <i>P</i> < .001), diabetes (OR, 1.399; 95% CI, 1.201-1.629; <i>P</i> < .001), and autoimmune disease (OR, 2.233; 95% CI, 1.295-3.850; <i>P</i> = .004). The mortality rate was higher in patients with a risk factor for transmission risk than in those without (9.3 vs 7.1%; <i>P</i> = .008).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lean, smoking men with asymptomatic TB who have DM and/or autoimmune diseases have higher transmission and mortality risk. Asymptomatic populations with these risk factors warrant targeted screening.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 4","pages":"ofaf176"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12000806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustained Impact of Task-shifting HCV Treatment to Nonspecialist Providers: 5-Year Follow Up of the ASCEND Investigation.","authors":"Sarah Mollenkopf, Elana Rosenthal, Geb Teferi, Rachel Silk, Nivya George, Henry Masur, Shyam Kottilil, Sarah Kattakuzhy","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaf174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy for hepatitis C virus (HCV) has ushered in an era of short-duration treatment with high effectiveness across varied patient populations. In the ASCEND investigation, treatment with DAA was efficacious when delivered by nonspecialist and specialist providers. However, long-term outcomes after initial treatment are unknown.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the long-term outcomes after DAA treatment independently provided by nurse practitioners, primary care physicians, or specialist physicians using DAA therapy.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Twelve urban, federally qualified health centers in the District of Columbia.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 551 patients treated for HCV in the ASCEND investigation (A Phase IV Pilot Study to Assess of Community-based Treatment Efficacy in Chronic Hepatitis C Monoinfection and Coinfection with HIV in the District of Columbia).</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>None.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Sustained viral response (SVR12), reinfection, retreatment, death.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this large sample of majority Black individuals receiving care at community-based centers, there was an initial 87% rate of SVR, and after 5 years of follow up, an additional 6.5% of participants were found to be cured. This included individuals originally lost to follow up whose subsequent testing confirmed SVR12, and those with successful retreatment after initial treatment failure. There was a 70% rate of testing for reinfection, with 2 identified reinfections. Treatment outcomes were not associated with original treating provider type.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>As a retrospective analysis, these findings are limited by the availability of data in the electronic medical record.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DAA is an effective treatment for HCV and can safely be prescribed by multiple provider types, with favorable long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 4","pages":"ofaf174"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated With Sexually Transmitted Infections Among People who Inject Drugs in the San Diego-Tijuana Border Region.","authors":"Carrie L Nacht, Steffanie A Strathdee, Alicia Harvey-Vera, Carlos F Vera, Gudelia Rangel, Jeffrey D Klausner, Irina Artamonova, Daniela Abramovitz, Britt Skaathun","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaf171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Few estimates exist of the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and associated risk factors among people who inject drugs (PWID) in the San Diego-Tijuana border region, despite the high prevalence of HIV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PWID living in San Diego or Tijuana underwent testing for bacterial STIs between December 2022 and February 2024. Urogenital gonorrhea and chlamydia infections were assessed using a urine test, the Aptima CT/GC assay. Syphilis was assessed using the treponemal Syphilis Health Check Rapid Point-of-Care assay and nontreponemal rapid plasma reagin <i>Treponema pallidum</i> Particle Agglutination test. HIV was tested using the fingerstick tests Miriad HCV/HIV POU+ Test and Oraquick HIV-1. Bacterial STI prevalence was calculated, and logistic regression was conducted to identify correlates of bacterial STI prevalence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 519 participants, 6.0% (95% CI, 3.9%-8.0%) tested positive for 1 or more bacterial STIs. Despite higher HIV prevalence in Tijuana, bacterial STIs were more prevalent in San Diego. Unstable housing, female birth, and US residency were associated with significantly higher adjusted odds of a bacterial STI compared with the reference groups (aOR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.09-6.27; aOR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.15-5.08; and OR, 2.79; 95% CI, 1.03-7.53; respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall prevalence of bacterial STIs was consistent with other estimates of STIs among PWID in the United States. STI screening guidelines should recommend PWID for routine testing at least annually. Point-of-care testing should be expanded to increase access to STI screening and treatment for marginalized populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 4","pages":"ofaf171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12001344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular Hazards of Abacavir- Versus Tenofovir-Containing Antiretroviral Therapies: Insights From an Analysis of the REPRIEVE Trial Cohort.","authors":"Emma Davies Smith, Carlos Malvestutto, Heather J Ribaudo, Carl J Fichtenbaum, Judith A Aberg, Maya Watanabe, Gerald S Bloomfield, Judith S Currier, Sarah M Chu, Kathleen V Fitch, Marissa R Diggs, Roger Bedimo, Javier Valencia, Cristina Gomez-Ayerbe, Indira Brar, Jose Valdez Madruga, Michael T Lu, Pamela S Douglas, Markella V Zanni, Steven K Grinspoon","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaf177","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prior analyses suggest that the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) abacavir (ABC), but not tenofovir (TFV), is associated with a 2-fold increase in the hazard of myocardial infarction. the Randomized Trial to Prevent Vascular Events in HIV (REPRIEVE) is ideally suited to evaluate the role of ABC and the TFV backbones, tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We compared hazard of first MACE among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk using ABC (n = 883), TAF (n = 957), and TDF (n = 4274) at entry. Overlap weights balanced biasing factors, including age, sex at birth, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk, CD4 count, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and anchor antiretroviral therapy. Associations between entry NRTI and MACEs were estimated using a marginal Cox proportional hazards model. Change of NRTI, or \"switching,\" was common during follow-up. Additional associations were estimated by further censoring at first switch and applying time-updated inverse probability of censoring weighting (IPCW).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline-adjusted associations suggest clinically relevant increases in hazard of first MACE for ABC versus TAF (hazard ratio [HR], 1.5 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .9-2.3]) and ABC versus TDF (HR, 1.4 [95% CI, .9-2.1]), but not TAF versus TDF (HR, 0.9 [95% CI, .6-1.5]). With censoring at switch, HRs increased to 1.6 (95% CI, .9-2.7) for ABC versus TAF, 2.0 (95% CI, 1.2-3.4) for ABC versus TDF, and 1.2 (95% CI, .7-2.2) for TAF versus TDF. The largest HR observed was for ABC versus TDF and myocardial infarction (IPCW HR, 3.5 [95% CI, 1.3-9.4]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Antiretroviral therapies with ABC backbones are associated with an increase in MACE compared to TFV backbones among people living with HIV at low-to-moderate cardiovascular risk.</p><p><strong>Clinical trials registration: </strong>NCT02344290.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 4","pages":"ofaf177"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11979587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preswitch Regimens Associated With Weight Gain Among Persons With HIV who Switch to Integrase Inhibitor-Containing Regimens.","authors":"Melissa Klein Cutshaw, Mahmoud Harding, Clemontina A Davenport, Nwora Lance Okeke","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofae752","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofae752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Weight gain associated with integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) is well documented. However, recent reports suggest that the observed weight gain among persons who switch to INSTIs may be associated with their preswitch regimen.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted retrospective analyses of persons with HIV on antiretroviral therapy who switched to a second-generation INSTI-containing regimen (bictegravir/dolutegravir) at the Duke Adult Infectious Diseases Clinic (Durham, NC, USA) between 2014 and 2021. The outcome was weight change, operationalized as percent weight change, absolute weight change (kg), gaining ≥5% of preswitch weight, and gaining ≥10% of preswitch weight. The primary exposure was preswitch regimen.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis included 750 persons. Cohort demographics were as follows: mean age (SD) 51 (11) years, 30% female at birth, 58% Black, 4% Hispanic ethnicity. At regimen switch, the mean CD4 count was 701 cells/mm³, and 68% had a viral load ≤20 copies/cc. Persons with preswitch regimens containing efavirenz had higher odds of gaining ≥5% body weight (odds ratio [OR], 1.62, 95% CI, 1.13-2.32) and ≥10% body weight (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.02-2.73) after regimen switch, adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, and preswitch body mass index. Persons with preswitch regimens containing tenofovir disoproxil (TDF) also had higher odds of gaining ≥5% body weight (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.17-2.30).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Preswitch regimens containing efavirenz and TDF were associated with significant weight gain after switching to INSTI-based regimens. Our findings support the hypothesis that the weight gain observed with switching to INSTI-based regimens could be driven by stopping medications with weight-suppressing properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 3","pages":"ofae752"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11927775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting Chronic Biofilm Infections With Patient-derived Phages: An In Vitro and Ex Vivo Proof-of-concept Study in Patients With Left Ventricular Assist Devices.","authors":"Melissa Pitton, Luca G Valente, Simone Oberhaensli, Bülent Gözel, Stephan M Jakob, Parham Sendi, Monika Fürholz, David R Cameron, Yok-Ai Que","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf158","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Phage therapy is being reconsidered as a valuable approach to combat antimicrobial resistance. We recently established a personalized phage therapy pipeline in healthy volunteers, where therapeutic phages were isolated from individuals' skin microbiota. In this study, we aim to validate this pipeline in end-stage heart failure patients supported by left ventricular assist devices (LVADs), focusing on phages targeting <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, a common pathogen responsible for LVAD infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Over a 2.5-year period, 45 LVAD patients were consistently sampled at their driveline exit sites and foreheads. <i>S epidermidis</i> strains from patients' foreheads were used to amplify patient-specific phages. Newly isolated phages were characterized and tested against <i>S epidermidis</i> isolates (n = 42) from the patient cohort. The virulent phage vB_SepS_BE22, isolated from a patient with a driveline infection, was further tested for its bactericidal activity against <i>S epidermidis</i> biofilms ex vivo with rifampicin on driveline biofilms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>S epidermidis</i> was detected in 32 patients, 3 of whom had driveline infections. Phages were isolated from 8 patients, 6 of which were unique and exhibited narrow host ranges, infecting 19%-52% of <i>S epidermidis</i> strains. vB_SepS_BE22, isolated from patient ID25's microbiota, was the only phage that specifically killed <i>S epidermidis</i> clones linked to a patient's infection. vB_SepS_BE22 also reduced bacterial loads in exponential and stationary phase cultures, as well as in biofilms on drivelines when combined with rifampicin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study validated a personalized phage therapy approach, where phages from a patient's own microbiota can be used in chronic infection settings as therapeutic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 4","pages":"ofaf158"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demographic and Clinical Factors Associated With SARS-CoV-2 Anti-Nucleocapsid Antibody Response Among Previously Infected US Adults: The C4R Study.","authors":"Ryan T Demmer, Chaoqi Wu, John S Kim, Yifei Sun, Pallavi Balte, Mary Cushman, Rebekah Boyle, Russell P Tracy, Linda M Styer, Taison D Bell, Michaela R Anderson, Norrina B Allen, Pamela J Schreiner, Russell Bowler, David A Schwartz, Joyce S Lee, Vanessa Xanthakis, Jean M Rock, Rachel Bievenue, Amber Pirzada, Margaret Doyle, Elizabeth A Regan, Barry J Make, Alka M Kanaya, Namratha R Kandula, Sally E Wenzel, Josef Coresh, Carmen R Isasi, Laura M Raffield, Mitchell S V Elkind, Virginia J Howard, Victor E Ortega, Prescott Woodruff, Shelley A Cole, Joel M Henderson, Nicholas J Mantis, Elizabeth C Oelsner","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf123","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the availability of effective vaccines and a recent decrease in annual deaths, COVID-19 remains a leading cause of death. Serological studies provide insights into host immunobiology of adaptive immune response to infection, which holds promise for identifying high-risk individuals for adverse COVID-19 outcomes. We investigated correlates of anti-nucleocapsid antibody responses following SARS-CoV-2 infection in a US population-based meta-cohort of adults participating in longstanding National Institutes of Health-funded cohort studies. Anti-nucleocapsid antibodies were measured from dried blood spots collected between February 2021 and February 2023. Among 1419 Collaborative Cohort of Cohorts for COVID-19 Research participants with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, the mean age (standard deviation) was 65.8 (12.1), 61% were women, and 42.8% self-reported membership in a race/ethnicity minority group. The proportion of participants reactive to nucleocapsid peaked at 69% by 4 months after infection and waned to only 44% ≥12 months after infection. Higher anti-nucleocapsid antibody response was associated with older age, Hispanic or American Indian Alaskan Native (vs White) race/ethnicity, lower income, lower education, former smoking, and higher anti-spike antibody levels. Asian race (vs White) and vaccination (even after infection) were associated with lower nucleocapsid reactivity. Neither vaccine manufacturer nor common cardiometabolic comorbidities were not associated with anti-nucleocapsid response. These findings inform the underlying immunobiology of adaptive immune response to infection, as well as the potential utility of anti-nucleocapsid antibody response for clinical practice and COVID-19 serosurveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 3","pages":"ofaf123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11927777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Immunogenicity and Safety of the Higher-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine vs the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/ofid/ofaf169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaf169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofae496.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19517,"journal":{"name":"Open Forum Infectious Diseases","volume":"12 3","pages":"ofaf169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143670564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}