Oncology Letters最新文献

{"title":"Research progress of sintilimab in the treatment of cancer (Review).","authors":"Yuan-Yuan Wu, Hua Shao","doi":"10.3892/ol.2025.14986","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2025.14986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sintilimab, a fully human immunoglobulin G4 monoclonal antibody targeting the programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) pathway, has emerged as significant in cancer immunotherapy, demonstrating promising antitumor effects in various malignancies. The present review summarizes the current clinical data, highlighting the role of sintilimab in treating various types of cancer, including non-small cell lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer and neuroendocrine tumors. The review also explores the mechanism of action of sintilimab, its structural and pharmacokinetic properties and its safety profile, which includes a comprehensive analysis of immune-related adverse events. Notably, the high binding affinity of sintilimab to PD-1 and its fully humanized nature contribute to its potent immunotherapeutic effects and favorable safety profile. Clinical trials have shown that sintilimab, either used as a monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapeutic agents, can significantly extend progression-free and overall survival in patients with advanced cancers. Furthermore, the economic implications and accessibility of sintilimab, particularly in resource-limited settings, are discussed. The current review reports on the innovative potential of sintilimab in shaping future cancer treatment strategies and emphasizes the need for personalized therapy based on individual patient biomarkers. The study reveals that sintilimab is not only a viable alternative to existing PD-1 inhibitors, but also a promising candidate for further research and development in immuno-oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"29 5","pages":"240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment outcomes and safety of reduced‑dose venetoclax plus antifungal agents to treat acute myeloid leukemia: A single hospital experience in Taiwan.","authors":"Sheng-Yen Hsiao, Kun-Yu Wu, Wen-Tsung Huang, Cheng-Yao Lin, Kuan-Yu Chen, Teng-Song Weng","doi":"10.3892/ol.2025.14987","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2025.14987","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Venetoclax, an orally administered B-cell lymphoma 2 inhibitor, requires dose adjustments when coadministered with cytochrome P450 inhibitors in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The present study retrospectively analyzed data on progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and drug-related adverse events in patients with AML who received adjusted low-dose venetoclax with antifungal agents, compared with those receiving conventional chemotherapy regimens (I3A7, LDAC, and I2A5), at a single hospital. In total, 45 patients with AML who were treated between January 2015 and December 2021 were retrospectively included. A significantly longer median OS time was observed in the group receiving idarubicin [12 mg/m² intravenous (IV) on days 1-3] and cytarabine (100 mg/m² continuous IV infusion on days 1-7) (I3A7 group) (median not reached) compared with that in the venetoclax group [10.7 months; 95% confidence interval (CI), 6.3-20.8], the low-dose cytarabine (LDAC) group (4.7 months; 95% CI, 0.8-18.7) and the group receiving idarubicin (12 mg/m² IV on days 1-2) with cytarabine (100 mg/m² continuous IV infusion on days 1-5) (I2A5 group) (2.3 months; 95% CI, 0.5-2.3). Similarly, the median PFS time was significantly longer in the I3A7 group (29.0 months; 95% CI, 1.1-29.0) compared with that in the venetoclax (8.0 months; 95% CI, 0.8-10.8), LDAC (2.1 months; 95% CI, 0.1-6.4) and I2A5 (0.9 months; 95% CI, 0.1-4.7) groups. Grade 3 or higher adverse hematological events were common across all treatment groups. Cardiovascular events and grade 3 or higher tumor lysis syndrome occurred only in the venetoclax group (14 and 7%, respectively). In conclusion, low-dose venetoclax combined with antifungal agents appears to be less effective than standard treatment but superior to both LDAC and the I2A5 treatment regimens. Venetoclax also demonstrates a relatively low infection risk. However, careful monitoring for cardiovascular events and tumor lysis syndrome during venetoclax administration is crucial, particularly in patients with relevant medical histories.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"29 5","pages":"241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of sirtuin‑1 expression on progression‑free survival in non‑endometrioid endometrial cancer: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Necim Yalcin, Hulya Tosun Yildirim, Aysun Alci, Mustafa Gokkaya, Mehmet Goksu, Isin Ureyen, Tayfun Toptas","doi":"10.3892/ol.2025.14985","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2025.14985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) expression levels are upregulated in various types of cancer and are associated with adverse outcomes. However, there is limited research on SIRT1 expression in types of gynecological cancer. The present study primarily sought to investigate the expression characteristics of SIRT1 in non-endometrioid endometrial cancer (EC) using immunohistochemistry. The secondary endpoint was to evaluate the impact of SIRT1 expression levels on progression-free survival (PFS). The present study was a single-center, retrospective cohort study that included patients who underwent hysterectomy between June 2017 and December 2021 and had a postoperative histopathological diagnosis of non-endometrioid EC. The tissue slides were stained with a monoclonal antibody targeting the SIRT1 protein. The nuclear staining reaction of SIRT1 was considered to be positive in the presence of any percentage of nuclear staining. The cytoplasmic staining reaction of SIRT1 was assessed using the immune reactivity scoring (IRS) system, which was determined by multiplying the scores for the staining percentage and staining intensity. IRS values of 0 to 2 were considered as negative expression; 3 to 4 as low expression; 6 to 8 as moderate expression; and 9 to 12 as high expression. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to identify factors influencing PFS. Data from a total of 43 patients who met the eligibility criteria were presented. Cytoplasmic staining with SIRT1 was detected in all samples (100%), whereas no nuclear staining was evident in any of the tissue samples. According to the IRS results, 20.9% of samples exhibited negative cytoplasmic expression, 14.0% exhibited low expression, 37.2% exhibited moderate expression and 27.9% exhibited high expression. The estimated 3-year PFS rate was 43.6%. Cox regression models demonstrated no independent factor influencing PFS. In conclusion, SIRT1 expression was found to be cytoplasmic in non-endometrioid EC. According to the IRS, ~80% of cases exhibited varying degrees of SIRT1 expression. However, SIRT1 expression levels had no significant impact on PFS.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"29 5","pages":"239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Misdiagnosis of esophageal leiomyoma combined with adrenal cortical adenoma as esophageal cancer with adrenal metastasis by fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography: A case report.","authors":"Xiaoming Sun, Lin Lv, Daming Fan, Yubin Huang, Liangming Zhu, Haibo Liu","doi":"10.3892/ol.2025.14984","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2025.14984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leiomyoma is a benign muscular abnormality that commonly occurs in the middle and distal third of the esophagus, leading to thickening of the esophageal wall and subsequent esophageal luminal narrowing. Notably, esophageal leiomyoma often does not show increased 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography (PET). The present study described a case of esophageal leiomyoma combined with adrenal adenoma. Results of the PET-computed tomography analysis revealed that FDG metabolism was increased in the lower segment of the esophagus and the left adrenal gland, with maximum standardized uptake values of 6.5 and 4.1, respectively. Therefore, initially, the patient was diagnosed with an esophageal malignant tumor with left adrenal metastasis. Open surgery was performed for complete removal of the lesions, and results of a routine pathological analysis revealed esophageal leiomyoma combined with adrenal cortical adenoma. The present study indicates that to avoid unnecessary surgeries, esophageal leiomyoma and adrenal cortical adenoma should be diagnosed through a comprehensive assessment with endoscopy, endoscopic ultrasound, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and tissue sample pathology, not just PET.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"29 5","pages":"238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144248964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive and therapeutic value of the ferroptosis gene CISD1 in non?small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Tao Wang, Xiaoyu Xiao, Zhe Zhang, Xiang Li","doi":"10.3892/ol.2025.14981","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2025.14981","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study aimed to investigate the expression of ferroptosis genes in non-small cell lung cancer and their relationship with prognosis, and to analyze the relationship between ferroptosis genes and tumor immunity. To evaluate the expression levels of ferroptosis genes and their association with prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), The Cancer Genome Atlas LUAD and LUSC data were downloaded, patient clinical information and ferroptosis gene expression profiles were extracted, and differential gene expression, survival and correlation analyses were performed using R. Using immune correlation analysis, the value of ferroptosis genes for immunotherapy was explored. The potential application of ferroptosis genes in immunotherapy was further validated by immunohistochemical staining. A number of ferroptosis-associated genes were differentially expressed in tumor tissues compared with in non-tumor tissues. CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 1 (CISD1) was upregulated in both LUAD and LUSC tumor tissues, and was associated with tumor Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage. Notably, high levels of CISD1 in LUAD indicated a poor prognosis, and CISD1 was negatively correlated with CD4⁺ T cells based on the immune score. Furthermore, CISD1 may be involved in pathways such as cellular response to hypoxia, DNA repair, extracellular matrix-related genes, epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers, oxidative phosphorylation and PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that CISD1 was highly expressed in LUAD tissues, it was associated with a poor prognosis of patients with LUAD, and it was negatively associated with CD4 and CD20. In conclusion, the ferroptosis gene CISD1 may be associated with the prognosis of LUAD, and high levels of CISD1 could indicate a shorter survival time. Furthermore, CISD1 has potential applications in immunotherapy. These findings may provide novel theoretical insights into the treatment of LUAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"29 5","pages":"235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143730924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Retracted] Paclitaxel induces apoptosis and reduces proliferation by targeting epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma.","authors":"Jing Hu, Na Zhang, Ronglin Wang, Fei Huang, Guang Li","doi":"10.3892/ol.2025.14894","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2025.14894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2015.3499.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"29 3","pages":"148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774134/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143059871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Retracted] Norcantharidin induces ferroptosis via the suppression of NRF2/HO‑1 signaling in ovarian cancer cells.","authors":"Xiaoyan Zhu, Xiaohong Chen, Longshan Qiu, Jianhua Zhu, Jiancai Wang","doi":"10.3892/ol.2025.14861","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2025.14861","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13479.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"29 3","pages":"129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11736246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143009123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single‑cell transcriptomic analysis revealed the tumor‑associated microenvironment of papillary thyroid carcinoma with metastasis.","authors":"Ni Zhang, Qingbin Liu, Qian Wang, Xiuli Liu, Suya Zhang, Xinchen Tian, Long Li, Shuanglong Wang, Bin Lv, Shulong Jiang","doi":"10.3892/ol.2025.14876","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2025.14876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is frequently associated with inflammation and lymph node metastasis. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a powerful tool to uncover rare cellular subpopulations and investigate the diverse functions inside tissue microenvironments. In the present study, scRNA-seq analysis was employed to analyze the differences in macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs) and T cells between a metastatic PTC (PTC-M) and its adjacent normal tissues, as well as a PTC tumor without metastasis. The findings revealed significant heterogeneity in immune cell populations in PTC-M, suggesting that immunosuppressive components contribute to the development and metastasis of PTC. The current study revealed that the presence of alternatively activated M2 macrophages, conventional type 2 DCs (DC2s) and regulatory T cells (Tregs) was associated with increased lymph node metastasis and a more advanced stage of cancer. On the other hand, monocytes and B cells may have a beneficial effect in fighting against tumors. A group of tumor-associated DC2s expressing both <i>LAMP3</i> and <i>CCL22</i> were shown to have a variety of immune-related ligands. These cells have the ability to attract CD4+ T cells through communication between cells in the microenvironment. In this study, the immunological composition was examined at the level of individual cells and new prospective treatment approaches for PTC-M were identified. The results support the hypothesis that myeloid cells and Tregs significantly contribute to tumor progression and metastasis by shaping the tumor microenvironment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"29 3","pages":"130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12149705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144266943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of gut microbiota modulation in Sarcopenia (Review).","authors":"Chanqi Yuan","doi":"10.3892/ol.2024.14850","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2024.14850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sarcopenia is an age-related disease that is characterized by a decline in muscle mass and function with significant epidemiological and clinical implications. In recent years, gut microbiota has gained attention as an important regulatory factor in human health. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to introduce the definition and epidemiological background of sarcopenia and analyze the potential impact of the gut microbiota on muscle metabolism and growth, including aspects such as gut microbiota metabolites, muscle protein synthesis and energy metabolism. Additionally, this article summarizes the current research progress in gut microbiota interventions for the treatment of sarcopenia, such as probiotics, prebiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation and discusses future research directions and potential therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"29 3","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11683524/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value of expressions of cancer stem cell markers for adverse outcomes of hepatocellular carcinoma and their associations with prognosis: A Bayesian network meta‑analysis.","authors":"Zhengrong Ou,Shoushuo Fu,Jian Yi,Jingxuan Huang,Weidong Zhu","doi":"10.3892/ol.2024.14669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14669","url":null,"abstract":"The expression of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers adversely affect the survival prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but it is not clear which cancer stem cell marker has the best predictive effect on the survival prognosis and diagnostic value indicators of patients with HCC. Therefore, the present study performed a network meta-analysis to compare the prognostic and diagnostic value of the expressions of several CSC markers for patients with HCC and to identify the most efficient CSC marker. Studies on the associations of positive CSC markers with the overall survival (OS) rate, disease-free survival (DFS) rate, recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate, recurrence rate, differentiation, microvascular invasion and metastasis in patients with HCC were included in the network meta-analysis following searches on the PubMed, Embase, Elsevier and The Cochrane Library databases from January 1, 2013 to November 17, 2023. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool was used to assess the quality assessment of studies, and R (version 4.3.1), Stata (version 15.0) and Review Manager (version 5.3) were used for analysis. A total of 37 studies involving 3,980 participants were included. For patients with HCC, simultaneous positivity of cytokeratin 19 (CK19) and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) was the strongest predictor of the OS rate [surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA), 78.65%], positive keratin 19 (K19) was the strongest predictor of the RFS and DFS rates (SUCRA, 98.93 and 84.95%, respectively), and simultaneous positivity of EpCAM and cluster of differentiation (CD)90 was the strongest predictor of the recurrence rate (SUCRA, 5.61%). In addition, positivity of CD56, K19 and CD133 had the best diagnostic efficacy for poor differentiation [superiority index, 7.4498; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.3333, 13.0000], microvascular invasion (superiority index, 8.4777; 95% CI: 0.2308, 17.0000), and metastasis (superiority index, 5.6097; 95% CI: 0.3333, 11.0000), respectively. In conclusion, no single CSC marker possessed the best predictive effect on all indexes of survival prognosis and diagnosis of patients with HCC. In terms of survival prognosis, simultaneous positivity of CK19 and EpCAM demonstrated the strongest predictive effect on the OS rate, suggesting an association with a low OS rate in patients with HCC; positive K19 revealed the strongest predictive effect on the RFS rate and DFS rate, suggesting an association with low RFS and DFS rates in patients with HCC; and simultaneous positivity of EpCAM and CD90 had the strongest predictive effect on the recurrence rate, suggesting a high recurrence rate in patients with HCC patients. In terms of diagnostic value, CD56, K19 and CD133 were the strongest predictors of poor differentiation, microvascular invasion and metastasis, respectively. In the future, well-designed randomized controlled trials are required to further confirm these findings.","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"8 1","pages":"536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}