Oncology Letters最新文献

{"title":"Initial chemotherapy decreases transfusion dependence and enables definitive therapy in metastatic thymoma complicated by pure red cell aplasia: A case report.","authors":"Nobuhito Hara, Rika Sasaki, Yoshiki Kojitani, Yumi Yoshii, Masahide Ota, Shunsuke Okazaki, Shinichi Ochi, Ryo Miyata, Masatsugu Hamaji, Sayaka Ando, Maiko Takeda, Akihiko Yoshizawa, Masayuki Takeda","doi":"10.3892/ol.2026.15709","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2026.15709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a rare paraneoplastic complication occurring in ~5% of patients with thymoma. The optimal management of metastatic thymoma complicated by PRCA remains unclear, particularly when immediate immunosuppressive therapy is not feasible. The present report describes the case of a 69-year-old man with type AB thymoma accompanied by multiple bilateral pulmonary metastases (cT1bN0M1b, stage IVB) and severe transfusion-dependent PRCA. Because the tumor was unresectable at presentation, systemic chemotherapy with the ADOC regimen (doxorubicin, cisplatin, vincristine and cyclophosphamide) was initiated. Prior to chemotherapy, daily blood transfusions were needed, but after the first cycle, this need was decreased, with transfusion intervals prolonged to every 7-17 days. On radiographic evaluation, there was sustained tumor reduction with stable disease. After six cycles of chemotherapy, cyclosporine was introduced and robot-assisted thymectomy was subsequently performed. A total of 2 weeks after initiating cyclosporine, the patient achieved transfusion independence with recovery of hemoglobin and reticulocyte counts. Therefore, cytotoxic chemotherapy may contribute to both tumor control and improvement of PRCA in metastatic thymoma, although further clinical evidence is required to establish optimal therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"32 2","pages":"354"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13312399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148352696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinformatics analysis of proteins in the complement and coagulation cascades in colon cancer: Discovering the potential biomarker SERPINA1.","authors":"Da Lian, Daixin Hou, Kunpeng Liu, Hao Jiang, Pengyu Xie","doi":"10.3892/ol.2026.15707","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2026.15707","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The complement system, a core component of innate immunity, plays a key role in the tumorigenesis and progression of colon cancer. Although dysregulation in proteins associated with the complement and coagulation cascades (CCC) pathway has been identified in colon cancer, comprehensive investigations in this area are still scarce. In the present study, differential expression analysis was performed on colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) obtained from the GEPIA2 database (www.gepia2.cancer-pku.cn), to compare gene expression profiles between tumor tissues and paired adjacent normal tissues. A threshold of |log₂ fold change|>1 and a q-value cutoff of 0.01 were applied. A total of 88 genes from the CCC signaling pathway were cross-referenced with the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in the GEPIA2 analysis. These extracted DEGs were further investigated through hub gene analysis, survival analysis and druggability assessment. The expression of one selected DEG, serpin family A member 1 (<i>SERPINA1</i>), was subsequently validated using colon tissue microarrays. Among the 88 proteins in the CCC pathway, differential expression analysis identified 19 downregulated [<i>SERPING1</i>, factor VIII (<i>F8</i>) and complement C3 (<i>C3</i>)] and 13 upregulated [including <i>SERPINA1</i> and coagulation factor XII] candidates in COAD. Survival analysis demonstrated that four of these genes (<i>C3, F8, SERPINA1</i> and <i>SERPING1</i>), were notably associated with patient survival rates. Immunohistochemical validation confirmed the upregulation of <i>SERPINA1</i>, and this elevated expression was associated with shorter survival in patients with colon cancer. The present study demonstrates widespread dysregulation of proteins in the CCC pathway in colon cancer. <i>SERPINA1</i> emerges as a promising diagnostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target. Investigating <i>SERPINA1</i> therefore offers valuable insights into colon cancer pathogenesis and guides the pursuit of novel therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"32 2","pages":"353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13311930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148352701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double vs. single autologous stem cell transplantation in patients with multiple myeloma and high-risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Sibei Qin, Yusi Liu, Peng Zhang, Qionglin Zhou, Xiayan Xu, Danbo Liu, Fang Du, Jiao Chen, Lingyun Zhou, Weiling Cao, Haifei Chen","doi":"10.3892/ol.2026.15704","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2026.15704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple myeloma (MM) remains a challenging hematological malignancy despite therapeutic advances. The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the comparative efficacy of double vs. single high-dose therapy (HDT) followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for MM, with a specific interest in its application for individuals presenting with high-risk disease factors. A comprehensive search of the literature available in the PubMed, Cochrane and Embase databases was performed from inception to April 12, 2023. The analysis incorporated randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that directly compared single HDT followed by ASCT (HDT/ASCT; administered with or without consolidation therapy) against double transplantation. A total of 8 RCTs were included in the final meta-analysis. The aggregated data demonstrated a hazard ratio of 0.58 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.43-0.80; P=0.001] for PFS and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.54-0.90; P=0.006) for overall survival (OS). These results imply that the double HDT/ASCT strategy may confer significant improvements in both PFS and OS for patients with at least one unfavorable prognostic marker. Findings from the network meta-analysis revealed no statistically significant disparities in PFS or OS outcomes when comparing double HDT/ASCT with single HDT/ASCT supplemented with consolidation therapy. Nevertheless, the double transplantation approach was associated with a markedly higher incidence of achieving at least a very good partial response relative to single HDT/ASCT (relative risk, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.03-1.33; P=0.02). Moreover, the risk of treatment-related mortality (TRM) was comparable between the double and single HDT/ASCT cohorts. In conclusion, the results of the present meta-analysis indicate that double HDT/ASCT was associated with a significantly higher rate of achieving at least a very good partial response without elevating TRM in the general MM population, indicating an improved treatment response. Notably, it offers superior PFS and OS advantages for high-risk patients. Therefore, double HDT/ASCT may be regarded as a viable and beneficial therapeutic option for this high-risk subgroup.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"32 2","pages":"349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13294805/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148345858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating miRNA-30a is associated with favorable therapeutic outcome in patients with gastric cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.","authors":"Vasileia Kokala-Dimitropoulou, Alexandros Mitrousias, Athanasios Tsiatouras, Aigli Vakrakou, Pantelis T Antonakis, Manousos M Konstantoulakis","doi":"10.3892/ol.2026.15708","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2026.15708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) represents a cornerstone in the management of locally advanced gastric cancer (GC); however, variability in therapeutic effect underscores the need for additional approaches to support post-operative risk stratification. The present study investigated circulating microRNA (miRNA)-30a as a potential post-treatment, response-associated indicator of therapeutic outcome in patients with GC undergoing NAC. Circulating miRNA-30a expression was measured in serum samples using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). NAC-treated patients were stratified into responders (TRG 0-2) and non-responders (TRG 3-5) according to Mandards criteria, while chemotherapy-naive (CT-naive) patients were included as a control group. Circulating miRNA-30a levels were higher in responders compared to non-responders. Elevated miRNA-30a expression was associated with reduced pathological tumor burden, including lower T stage and absence of nodal involvement. ROC analysis demonstrated strong discriminatory performance for distinguishing treatment response. In both univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses, increased miRNA-30a expression remained independently associated with treatment response. Furthermore, higher miRNA-30a levels were associated with improved overall survival. In conclusion, circulating miRNA-30a is associated with favorable therapeutic outcome in GC and may complement conventional assessment strategies in the post-treatment setting as a response-associated indicator. Further validation in larger, prospective cohorts is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"32 2","pages":"352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13311927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148352687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prognostic senescence-related long non-coding RNA signature identifies cold and hot tumors of stomach adenocarcinoma.","authors":"Chenxi He, Fanting Kong, Baojuan Han, Litao Lv, Xiaoling Wang, Xiangguang Kong, Qingjiao Zeng, Peipei Zhou","doi":"10.3892/ol.2026.15705","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2026.15705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) have a poor prognosis, and the efficacy of immunotherapy varies widely. The present study aimed to screen effective long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as molecular targets for assessing the prognosis of STAD and guiding precision immunotherapy. A total of five key prognostic senescence-related lncRNAs (SenRLs; AL139147.1, LINC02057, AC093801.1, AL353804.2 and AC005363.2) were screened using bioinformatics methods. A novel validated prognostic risk model was constructed for STAD based on the SenRLs signature. For the training, test and entire set, the 5-year area under the curve values were 0.828, 0.703 and 0.772, respectively. A nomogram combining clinical variables and risk scores effectively predicted overall survival (OS) in patients with STAD. Clinical tissue samples were collected from patients with STAD, and quantitative PCR (qPCR) was employed to assess the tissue expression of SenRLs. The qPCR results showed that the expression of LINC02057, AL139147.1 and AC093801.1 was significantly higher in STAD tissues than in paracancerous tissues. By contrast, the expression of AC005363.2 and AL353804.2 was decreased in STAD tissues. The tissue expression profiles of these lncRNAs were consistent with the bioinformatics findings. The risk groups differed in their immune infiltrating cells, immune checkpoints and susceptibility to chemotherapeutic agents. Following clustering analysis, the two clusters had distinct tumor microenvironment profiles. Notably, based on well-established immunological characteristics, Cluster 2 was identified as representing hot tumors that are presumably more likely to benefit from immunotherapy. The newly developed SenRLs signature can serve as an independent prognostic biological marker of STAD. These SenRLs can effectively distinguish between hot and cold tumors, thereby better facilitating the screening of the beneficiary population for STAD immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"32 2","pages":"350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13294802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148345827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salvage robotic-assisted subtotal esophagectomy after chemoradiotherapy for unresectable locally advanced esophageal sarcoma: A case report.","authors":"Masaaki Yamamoto, Atsushi Takeno, Kiyoshi Mori, Yumiko Hirose, Shinji Tokuyama, Yuki Matsui, Reishi Toshiyama, Kenji Kawai, Yusuke Takahashi, Kenji Sakai, Naoki Hama, Takeshi Kato, Koji Takami, Motohiro Hirao","doi":"10.3892/ol.2026.15706","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2026.15706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Esophageal sarcoma is an extremely rare tumor, and a recommended treatment strategy remains unestablished. The present report describes, to the best of our knowledge, the first reported case of unresectable esophageal sarcoma treated with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by salvage robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE). An 82-year-old man presented with dysphagia for solid foods. An esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed an elevated tumor in the middle thoracic esophagus at a distance of 30-35 cm from the incisors, with preserved endoscopic passage and no additional lesions in the stomach or duodenum. A biopsy demonstrated sarcoma. Enhanced computed tomography showed a middle thoracic esophageal mass, with bulky mediastinal lymph nodes (nos. 101R and 106recR) invading the trachea. No distant metastases were detected, and tumor marker levels remained within normal limits. The patient was diagnosed with esophageal sarcoma with mediastinal lymph node metastases. As the metastatic nodes demonstrated airway invasion, definitive CRT (dCRT) was selected. The regimen consisted of radiotherapy (50.4 Gy in 28 fractions) and fluorouracil plus cisplatin. Following dCRT, the tumor and lymph nodes decreased in size, and a partial response was achieved, making the tumor resectable. Salvage RAMIE with two-field lymphadenectomy, including cervical lymph node dissection of stations 101R and 101L and upper mediastinal dissection, including station 106recR, was subsequently performed, followed by gastric tube reconstruction via the posterior mediastinal route. Pathological examination of the resected specimen revealed no residual tumor. Although a therapeutic effect was observed, a limitation remains in that a definitive diagnosis could not be fully established. A total of 14 months have passed since the initiation of treatment, with no evidence of recurrence. In conclusion, this patient with unresectable locally advanced esophageal sarcoma achieved a complete pathological response after multidisciplinary treatment, with no recurrence observed during the short-term follow-up period.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"32 2","pages":"351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13311904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148352739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advantages and research progress of three-dimensional culture systems for lung cancer drug screening (Review).","authors":"Yihe Tian, Hai Liu, Minhong Zhang, Aiping Cui, Hao Chen, Lei Shi, Junyao Zhu, Mingchun Li, Biao Wang, Hao Huang, Jianqiong Yang","doi":"10.3892/ol.2026.15702","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2026.15702","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conventional two-dimensional cell cultures predominantly grow as monolayers, lacking the complex spatial architecture of in vivo tumors. However, three-dimensional (3D) tumor culture systems can overcome these limitations by reconstituting cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, thereby recapitulating the essential hallmarks of solid tumors, including spatial gradients of oxygen, growth factors and metabolites. 3D tumor models are essential preclinical tools in lung cancer research, providing valuable resources for studying cancer biology and developing novel anticancer drugs. The present review examines different 3D culture methods, highlighting the benefits and applications of multicellular tumor spheroids and organoid models in the screening process for anti-lung cancer drugs. The present review aims to provide a novel perspective on tumor biology and in vitro drug screening, and a theoretical basis for developing and applying 3D culture models.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"32 2","pages":"347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13294804/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148345852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactate-to-albumin ratio as an independent predictor of short- and long-term mortality in ICU patients with malignant tumors: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Jingchao Bai, Yihan Xu, Ke Wang, Xin Fu","doi":"10.3892/ol.2026.15700","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2026.15700","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lactate-to-albumin ratio (LAR) may reflect metabolic dysregulation and nutritional status in critically ill patients. However, its association with long-term prognosis in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with malignant tumors requires further elucidation. The present study was conducted to assess the association between LAR and 30-day and 360-day all-cause mortality in ICU patients with malignant tumors and to investigate the potential non-linear associations and subgroup differences. A total of 1,634 ICU patients with malignant tumors were enrolled. Baseline clinical data were collected and LAR was calculated. Survival differences across LAR tertiles were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves with the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models (with stepwise adjustment for confounders) were employed to evaluate the independent predictive value of LAR for all-cause mortality. A restricted cubic spline model was used to analyze the non-linear association and subgroup interaction tests were conducted to verify the stability of the LAR effect. The 30-day mortality rates for the three tertile groups were 23, 31 and 43%, respectively, while the 360-day mortality rates were 51, 56 and 67%. Mortality significantly increased with higher LAR tertiles (P<0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis, after adjusting for confounders, identified LAR as an independent risk factor for both 30-day [hazard ratio (HR)=1.13; 95% CI: 1.04-1.22; P=0.004] and 360-day (HR=1.15; 95% CI: 1.07-1.23; P<0.001) all-cause mortality. Restricted cubic spline analysis indicated a linear association between LAR and mortality risk. Subgroup analysis revealed no significant interaction effects. Overall, LAR was identified to be an independent predictor of 30-day and 360-day all-cause mortality in ICU patients with malignant tumors, exhibiting a linear positive association with mortality risk. Its predictive effect remains stable across different subgroups, suggesting its potential as a prognostic indicator in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"32 2","pages":"345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13294798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148345861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diffuse peritoneal mesothelioma presenting with the appearance of mesenteric panniculitis: A case report.","authors":"Yunfeng Chen, Qiong Fu, Jialing Xu, Rong Wang, Yongxiang Mo, Yuan Liu","doi":"10.3892/ol.2026.15695","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2026.15695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diffuse peritoneal mesothelioma (DPM) is a rare and aggressive malignancy of the peritoneum. Early symptoms are non-specific and the condition is liable to misdiagnosis. In the present case, a 54-year-old man was misdiagnosed between April 2020 and October 2021 with mesenteric panniculitis. The patient later presented with a 2-month history of persistent upper-middle abdominal pain and weight loss in April 2022. A laparoscopic biopsy was performed and the sample was positive for Wilms tumor protein, Hector Battifora mesothelial-1 and podoplanin. Therefore, a diagnosis of DPM was made. A total of six cycles of pemetrexed-cisplatin chemotherapy were given and elicited a partial response. The disease progressed and intraperitoneal bevacizumab-cisplatin therapy was administered, which was ineffective. The patient died 13 months post-diagnosis. DPM often has a similar presentation to benign conditions, such as mesenteric panniculitis. Correct diagnosis is facilitated by an awareness of occupational exposure risk, such as that of asphalt exposure for the present case, and early histopathological evaluation. The prognosis for DPM remains poor despite multimodal therapy, and novel therapeutic strategies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"32 2","pages":"340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13280527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary malignant melanoma of the common bile duct: An unexpected finding at pancreaticoduodenectomy: A case report.","authors":"Evangelia Florou, Hamad Almakinzy, Yoh Zen, Parthi Srinivasan, Andreas Prachalias","doi":"10.3892/ol.2026.15689","DOIUrl":"10.3892/ol.2026.15689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bile duct tumours are most commonly primary cholangiocarcinomas, and upfront surgical resection is often undertaken with curative intent, as preoperative histological confirmation is not routinely required. Melanoma, an aggressive malignancy of neural crest origin, can metastasize widely, but involvement of the biliary tract is exceedingly rare. Even rarer is primary melanoma of the bile duct. The present report describes a 44-year-old man presenting with obstructive jaundice and a mass in the common bile duct (CBD) presumed to represent cholangiocarcinoma. The patient underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy, but histopathology unexpectedly revealed malignant melanoma. Comprehensive staging and dermatological assessment excluded a cutaneous, mucosal or ocular primary, supporting the diagnosis of primary CBD melanoma. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the 14th reported case. This case highlights that melanoma, although rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of biliary obstruction, especially in younger patients, as it mandates a distinct postoperative oncological management pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":19503,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Letters","volume":"32 2","pages":"334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13280349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148295894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}