Ophthalmology. Retina最新文献

{"title":"Opposing Ocular and Hair Pigmentary Trajectories in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease.","authors":"Koju Kamoi, Yuichiro Tanaka, Tadahiko Kozawa","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148956474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prophylactic Retinopexy in Fellow Eyes After Contralateral Retinal Detachment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Parsa Khatami, Sung Moon Huh, Nima Nezhadi, Mark Ashamalla, Ali Tavakoli Hedayatpour, Sophie Sajjadi, Fahad R Butt, Obinna Esomchukwu, Brendan K Tao, Rajeev Muni, Peter J Kertes, Eduardo V Navajas, Marko M Popovic","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Topic: </strong>To evaluate whether prophylactic retinopexy reduces the risk of retinal detachment (RD) in fellow eyes after contralateral RD and to explore whether effect estimates differ by lesion subtypes.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Patients with RD in 1 eye are at increased risk of RD in the fellow eye. Prophylactic retinopexy is commonly used for peripheral retinal lesions in these high-risk fellow eyes, but the magnitude of benefit across lesion subtypes remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This registered systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO: CRD420251142739) searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov through September 20, 2025. Studies comparing prophylactic retinopexy with observation in fellow eyes of patients with prior contralateral RD were included. Risk ratios (RRs) of RD were pooled using random-effects models. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Nonrandomized Studies of Interventions and evidence certainty using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine observational studies, including 5084 fellow eyes (1768 treated; 3316 observed), were included. The pooled incidence of RD was 4.47% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.85%-6.95%; I² = 70.6%) in treated fellow eyes and 7.5% (95% CI, 3.41%-15.84%; I² = 90.6%) in untreated fellow eyes. Prophylactic retinopexy in fellow eyes was associated with a reduced risk of fellow-eye RD compared with observation (RR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.33-0.57; I² = 0%; 8 studies, 4339 fellow eyes; GRADE = low). In analyses restricted to laser retinopexy, results were RR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.22 to 0.49; I² = 0%; 4 studies, 1273 fellow eyes; GRADE = low. Point estimates favored treatment in isolated lattice degeneration (LD-only; RR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.10-1.03; I² = 42.5%; 3 studies, 482 fellow eyes; GRADE = very low) and LD with retinal tear (LDRT) cohorts (RR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.01-2.11; I² = 66.3%; 3 studies, 319 fellow eyes; GRADE = very low), although statistical significance was not achieved in either subgroup analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low-certainty evidence suggests that prophylactic retinopexy is associated with a reduced risk of RD in fellow eyes of patients with prior contralateral RD. The LD-only subgroup yielded a narrower protective CI than the LDRT subgroup, although both analyses remained imprecise. These findings may support consideration for a randomized study of prophylaxis in selected high-risk fellow eyes.</p><p><strong>Financial disclosure(s): </strong>Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148930798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myopic Traction Maculopathy: Consensus from the Myopia Society for a New Nomenclature.","authors":"Aude Couturier, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Richard Spaide, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To establish a standardized, clinically relevant nomenclature for myopic traction maculopathy (MTM) that prioritizes lesions based on visual impact and potential prognostic significance.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>International consensus meeting.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Panel of myopia and retinal imaging experts selected by the Myopia Society.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An international group of experts from the Myopia Society systematically evaluated existing MTM classification systems and their limitations. The panel integrated recent OCT findings to develop a hierarchical nomenclature reflecting disease severity and visual prognosis. The proposed system underwent validation through multiobserver agreement testing to ensure clinical reliability and reproducibility.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Development of a validated nomenclature that accurately describes MTM pathology, predicts visual outcomes, guides clinical management decisions, and facilitates standardized research reporting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The consensus panel identified 4 primary MTM manifestations arranged in descending order of severity: (1) macular detachment, (2) full-thickness macular hole, (3) lamellar macular hole, and (4) retinoschisis. When reporting MTM, the term \"myopic\" precedes the most severe lesion, followed by any associated lesions in the order of severity (e.g., \"myopic macular detachment with full-thickness hole and schisis\"). The panel also established specific OCT imaging protocols to standardize diagnosis and progression monitoring.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This new OCT-based anatomic nomenclature for MTM complements existing classification systems by emphasizing clinically relevant features, incorporating up-to-date imaging-based evidence, and standardizing lesion descriptions. By providing a standardized framework for describing complex MTM lesions, the system may help clinicians monitor disease progression and may enable more consistent outcomes reporting in clinical research. Its adoption in future studies should enhance research comparability and support ongoing efforts to improve patient care.</p><p><strong>Financial disclosure(s): </strong>The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148930866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Optociliary Shunt Vessel in Optic Nerve Sheath Meningioma.","authors":"Zehao Liu, Yiran Song, Ying Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148920541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type 1 Nonexudative Macular Neovascularization: 10-Year Follow-Up with En Face OCT.","authors":"Marjan Afzali, Anamika Patel, David Sarraf","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148945266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Features, Retinal Detachment Rates, and Retinal Detachment Prophylaxis in Patients with Genetically Confirmed Knobloch Syndrome: A US-Based Multicenter Study.","authors":"Prethy Rao, Emmanuel Chang, Emily Spoth, Natasha Ferreira Santos da Cruz, Audina Berrocal, Polly Quiram, Sandra R Montezuma, Ameay Naravane, Yicheng Bao, Aaron Nagiel, Meera Sivalingam, Yoshihiro Yonekawa, J Peter Campbell, Adam Hanif, Drew Scoles, Safa Rahmani, Vaidehi S Dedania, Robert Sisk, Matthew Trese, Demetrios Vavvas, Adam C Janot, M Elizabeth Hartnett","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Knobloch syndrome (KS) is a rare autosomal recessive condition characterized by lack of functional collagen type XVIII (COL18A1), occipital defects, high myopia, and vitreoretinal degeneration. The purpose is to (1) report clinical/systemic features, (2) retinal detachment (RD) rates, and (3) the role of RD prophylaxis in a US-based genetically confirmed cohort.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective, nonrandomized multicenter case cohort.</p><p><strong>Subjects: </strong>Genetically confirmed Knobloch patients from 12 US -based pediatric retina tertiary referral centers.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Baseline characteristics, RD rates, RD risk with or without a history of prophylactic treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 72 eyes (36 patients) were included. Mean follow-up was 5.2 years. Fourteen patients (38.9%) were women. Most common systemic features included (1) occipital defects (n = 17 [47.2%]), (2) intracranial abnormalities (n = 10 [27.8%]; polymicrogyria, plagiocephaly, cortical dysplasia, encephalomalacia, periventricular heterotopia), and (3) skin (n = 5 [13.9%]); hemangioma, eczema). Mean ± SE refractive error was -9.85 (range, -20.12 to +7.50). Eighteen eyes (25.0%) had cataracts, 16 (20.0%) iris defects (transillumination defects, absent crypts, pupillary membrane), 40 (57.1%) optically empty/vitreous condensations, and 64 of 70 eyes (91.4%) had macular abnormalities ranging from tessellated fundus to generalized macular atrophy. Of 72 eyes, 23 (31.9 %) experienced an RD, including 12 (52.2%) at baseline. Two eyes (8.7%) had a concurrent macular hole. Mean age at RD was 6.24 years and RD time was 18.6 months (0 to 86). Twenty eyes (87.0%) underwent RD surgery (laser, scleral buckle [SB], pars plana vitrectomy [PPV], or PPV + SB). Single-surgery and final anatomic success were 60% and 85%. Twenty-one of 72 eyes (29.2%) received laser or SB prophylaxis - only 2 of which (9.0%) developed an RD. Age-adjusted generalized estimating equation logistic model demonstrated lower odds of RD in eyes that received prophylaxis than not (odds ratio 0.20; P = 0.022). Four of 19 fellow eyes (21%) developed an RD (n = 1 with previous RD prophylaxis). There was a nonsignificant lower odds of RD in fellow eyes that received RD prophylaxis versus no prophylaxis (odds ratio = 0.42; P = 0.41).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In genetically confirmed KS, RD rates are high, and RD prophylaxis reduced odds of RD. Early diagnosis and prophylaxis may play a preventive role in this population.</p><p><strong>Financial disclosure(s): </strong>Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148912618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Changes in Inner Retinal Layers in Treatment-Naïve Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration during Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Therapy.","authors":"Helin Kardo, Richard A Garweg, Lars Imbach, Justus G Garweg","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate longitudinal changes in retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness in treatment-naïve neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) under intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy compared with untreated fellow eyes with dry AMD (dAMD).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective single-center cohort study.</p><p><strong>Subjects: </strong>Consecutive patients with treatment-naïve nAMD receiving anti-VEGF therapy under a treat-and-extend regimen and a minimum follow-up of 24 months were included. Untreated fellow eyes with dAMD served as controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retinal nerve fiber layer and GC-IPL thickness were assessed longitudinally using spectral-domain OCT and RetinAI analysis. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and structural retinal changes were evaluated over time. Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess factors associated with retinal layer changes.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Longitudinal changes in RNFL thickness, GC-IPL thickness, and BCVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In nAMD eyes, median RNFL thickness in the 3 mm ring zone decreased from 32.3 μm (30.1-35.4 μm) at baseline to 30.9 μm (29.0-33.4 μm; adjusted P < 0.001) after the loading phase and remained stable thereafter (all adjusted P > 0.05), with a similar pattern observed in fellow dAMD eyes. In contrast, GC-IPL thickness progressively declined in both groups. In nAMD eyes, median GC-IPL thickness decreased from 89.1 μm (81.9-94.9 μm) at baseline to 85.1 μm (77.7-90.2 μm) after loading (adjusted P < 0.001), followed by continued thinning throughout follow-up. BCVA in nAMD eyes improved after loading with a median gain of 4.8 ETDRS letters (0-10.2 ETDRS letters; adjusted P < 0.001), remained stable for up to 3 years, and gradually declined thereafter. Mixed-effects modeling showed that RNFL thickness was associated with injection number, whereas GC-IPL loss was associated with age and follow-up duration, independent of injection number or sex.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The regression in RNFL and GC-IPL thickness during the loading phase in eyes with nAMD may reflect the resolution of pre-treatment swelling. Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness remained stable thereafter, whereas GC-IPL thickness and BCVA declined after loading similarly to fellow eyes with dAMD. According to the mixed-effects model, GC-IPL thinning appears linked to progression of the underlying degenerative process, whereas RNFL thickness appears comparatively preserved.</p><p><strong>Financial disclosure(s): </strong>Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148892169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence and Consensus-Based Imaging Guidelines in Ocular Toxoplasmosis Multimodal Imaging in Uveitis Task Force Report 14.","authors":"Andrea Trinco, Alessandro Invernizzi, Alejandra de-la-Torre, Daniel Vasconcelos-Santos, Radgonde Amer, Ariel Schlaen, Manisha Agarwal, Jeanette Ossewaarde Von Norel, Aniruddha Agarwal, Sapna Gangaputra, Rupesh Agrawal, Douglas A Jabs, Marc D de Smet, Carlos Pavesio, Janet L Davis, Massimo Accorinti, David Sarraf, Vishali Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.026","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;To develop imaging and consensus-based guidelines for the application of multimodal imaging in ocular toxoplasmosis (OT).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;International expert consensus study using the nominal group technique guided by systematic literature review.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants: &lt;/strong&gt;International uveitis specialists and retina experts participating in the Multimodal Imaging in Uveitis (MUV) task force.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A subgroup of experts reviewed the published literature on imaging in OT, along with complete multimodal imaging data sets from cases fulfilling the Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) criteria. Imaging modalities included color fundus photography, OCT, fundus autofluorescence (FAF), fundus fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and OCT angiography. Nominal group technique sessions were conducted to identify key imaging features of typical and atypical presentations of active and inactive OT across modalities and to define imaging findings associated with disease-related complications. Consensus-based imaging descriptors and practical imaging guidelines were developed through iterative discussion. The proposed guidelines were voted on by the MUV task force.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main outcome measures: &lt;/strong&gt;Identification of multimodal imaging features of active and inactive OT and development of imaging guidelines for diagnosis, activity assessment, and detection of complications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The experts agreed that classic OT primarily remains a clinical diagnosis. Color fundus photography was considered sufficient for diagnosing typical active OT presenting as focal or paucifocal necrotizing retinochoroiditis. OCT provided important information on lesion depth, retinal and choroidal involvement, and vitreoretinal interface abnormalities and was particularly valuable in atypical presentations and for longitudinal disease monitoring. Fundus autofluorescence assisted in staging lesion evolution and identifying multiple evanescent white dot syndrome-like reactions. Fluorescein angiography and ICGA were not recommended for routine use but were suggested in selected cases to evaluate the presence and extent of complications. OCT angiography was considered sufficient for detecting choroidal neovascularization in most cases. Multimodal imaging was generally recommended for atypical OT and for assessment of complications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The consensus-based imaging guidelines by MUV provide a standardized and pragmatic framework for the use of multimodal imaging in OT. Although the diagnosis in typical cases remains largely clinical, as outlined in the SUN classification, OCT and FAF are valuable for monitoring disease activity, and additional imaging modalities support the management of atypical presentations and complications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Financial disclosure(s): &lt;/strong&gt;Proprietary or commercial disclosu","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148881321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Use and Risk of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.","authors":"Jessica J Lee, Todd Brothers, Leo A Kim, Kristina E Ward, Hafizan Yusuf, Xuerong Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2026.08.029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Concerns have been raised regarding the increased risk of non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) associated with the use of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA). However, findings remain inconsistent due to differences in indications for drug use, comparator groups, follow-up periods, and study populations. This study aims to examine the association between GLP-1 RA use and the risk of NAION among U.S. patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) enrolled in private health plans DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study was conducted based on health administrative claims data from 2012 to 2024.</p><p><strong>Partipants and controls: </strong>Participants initiating GLP-1 RAs compared with those initiating SGLT-2i or DPP-4i for the treatment of T2DM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Target trial emulation was applied, using a new user design and active comparators, to compare the risk of NAION between patients initiating GLP-1 RAs and those initiating sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i). Propensity score methods were utilized to balance baseline demographic and clinical characteristics between the comparison groups. Cox proportional hazard models were applied to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HR) of NAION incidence associated with GLP-1 RAs, relative to SGLT-2i or DPP-4i.</p><p><strong>Main outcomes and measures: </strong>Incidence of NAION in the comparison groups and the adjusted hazard ratios between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 19 505 adult patients diagnosed with T2DM were included, with 9213 (47.2%) using GLP-1 RAs, 10 292 (52.8%) exposed to SGLT-2i or DPP-4i, and 26 incidences of NAION. Compared with SGLT-2i or DPP-4i, overall GLP-1 RA use was not significantly associated with a higher risk of NAION (HR: 1.86; 95% confidence interval: 0.84-4.09). However, risk of NAION among liraglutide users was higher than for SGLT-2i or DPP-4i users within 12 or 18 months of follow-up. Additionally, the elevated risk of NAION associated with GLP-1 RAs relative to SGLT-2i or DPP-4i was observed in males and older adults.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate that GLP-1 RA use, particularly liraglutide, during a short follow-up period, may be associated with an increased risk of NAION among patients with T2DM. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings and clarify the biological mechanisms linking GLP-1 RA use to NAION.</p><p><strong>Financial disclosure(s): </strong>Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.</p>","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraocular Solitary Fibrous Tumor","authors":"Yang Meng MD,&nbsp;Sainan Xiao MD, PhD,&nbsp;Tao Li MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.oret.2025.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.oret.2025.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19501,"journal":{"name":"Ophthalmology. Retina","volume":"10 9","pages":"Page e89"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}