Oncology Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Molecular drivers of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma in non-smoking and non-drinking patients: what do we know so far?","authors":"Sophia Uddin, Alka Singh, Vasudha Mishra, Nishant Agrawal, Zhen Gooi, Evgeny Izumchenko","doi":"10.4081/oncol.2022.549","DOIUrl":"10.4081/oncol.2022.549","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) is one of the most common head and neck cancers worldwide. It is well known that risk factors for OCSCC include tobacco and excess alcohol consumption. However, in recent years, OCSCC incidence has been increasing in patients without these traditional risk factors. The cause of this increase is unclear and various genetic, environmental, and infectious factors have been hypothesized to play a role. Additionally, there are expert opinions that oral cancer in non-smoking, non-drinking (NSND) patients have a distinct phenotype resulting in more aggressive disease presentation and poorer prognosis. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge for oral cavity cancer in patients without traditional risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"16 1","pages":"549"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9a/d0/onco-16-1-549.PMC8941340.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9116820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucose transporters as markers of diagnosis and prognosis in cancer diseases","authors":"L. Szablewski","doi":"10.4081/oncol.2022.561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/oncol.2022.561","url":null,"abstract":"The primary metabolic substrate for cells is glucose, which acts as both a source of energy and a substrate in several processes. However, being lipophilic, the cell membrane is impermeable to glucose and specific carrier proteins are needed to allow transport. In contrast to normal cells, cancer cells are more likely to generate energy by glycolysis; as this process generates fewer molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) than complete oxidative breakdown, more glucose molecules are needed. The increased demand for glucose in cancer cells is satisfied by overexpression of a number of glucose transporters, and decreased levels of others. As specific correlations have been observed between the occurrence of cancer and the expression of glucose carrier proteins, the presence of changes in expression of glucose transporters may be treated as a marker of diagnosis and/or prognosis for cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47359149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NF-κB Signaling in Tumor Pathways Focusing on Breast and Ovarian Cancer.","authors":"Monika Devanaboyina,&nbsp;Jasskiran Kaur,&nbsp;Emma Whiteley,&nbsp;Leslie Lin,&nbsp;Katelyn Einloth,&nbsp;Susan Morand,&nbsp;Laura Stanbery,&nbsp;Danae Hamouda,&nbsp;John Nemunaitis","doi":"10.3389/or.2022.10568","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/or.2022.10568","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune disorders and cancer share a common pathway involving NF-κb signaling. Through involvement with GM-CSF, NF-κB can contribute to proliferation and activation of T- and B- cells as well as immune cell migration to sites of inflammation. In breast cancer, this signaling pathway has been linked to resistance with endocrine and chemotherapies. Similarly, in ovarian cancer, NF-κB influences angiogenesis and inflammation pathways. Further, BRCA1 signaling common to both breast and ovarian cancer also has the capability to induce NF-κB activity. Immunotherapy involving NF-κB can also be implemented to combat chemoresistance. The complex signaling pathways of NF-κB can be harnessed for developing cancer therapeutics to promote immunotherapy for improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"16 ","pages":"10568"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9756851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10460149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Studies on the Seasonal Variation of Indoor Radon-222 Concentration.","authors":"Guadie Degu Belete,&nbsp;Aragaw Msganaw Shiferaw","doi":"10.3389/or.2022.10570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/or.2022.10570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to their electrostatic nature, radon decay products can attach to solid particles and aerosols in the air. Inhalation and ingestion are therefore the two main routes through which people are exposed to radon and its decay products. During the inhalation of these radioactive aerosols, deposition takes place in different regions of the human respiratory tract. The deposited aerosols carrying radon and its progeny undergo a continuous radioactive transformation and expose the lung to ionizing alpha radiation, which can destroy the sensitive cells in the lung, causing a mutation that turns cancerous. Radon which is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless radioactive noble gas is a major health concern and is the second leading cause of lung cancer. To address this, an indoor radon survey was conducted in many countries internationally, with results showing that indoor radon concentration has a seasonal variation. This is due to the fluctuation of environmental parameters and the geological nature of buildings. Its concentration was found to be maximum in the cool (winter) season and a minimum concentration was recorded in the warm (summer) season of the year.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"16 ","pages":"10570"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9756844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10749218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunotherapy using PD-1/PDL-1 inhibitors in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer: A systematic review.","authors":"Dione Fernandes Tavares,&nbsp;Victoria Chaves Ribeiro,&nbsp;Marco Antônio Vieira Andrade,&nbsp;Laércio Moreira Cardoso-Júnior,&nbsp;Thiago Rhangel Gomes Teixeira,&nbsp;Gabriela Ramos Varrone,&nbsp;Renata Lopes Britto","doi":"10.4081/oncol.2021.497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/oncol.2021.497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women and is one of the leading causes of death from cancer in women worldwide. Despite the significant benefits of using conventional chemotherapy in the treatment of breast cancer, one of its subtypes, the triple-negative breast cancer, is still a challenge in clinical practice. Recent studies have been investigating the role of the immune system in breast cancer and the development of immunotherapy. Although recently the use of atezolizumab, an anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody, combined with chemotherapy was approved, an important step in the treatment of patients with triple-negative metastatic breast cancer, the use of immunotherapy to treat breast tumors remains a major challenge. In this systematic literature review, following PRISMA guidelines, we searched for clinical trials using immunotherapy in the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer published until March 2020 in the databases EMBASE, PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), with no language restrictions. We did not contact the authors of the clinical trials to obtain additional information. Two researchers independently collected the data and assessed the quality of this study. The literature shows that immunotherapy with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents is emerging as a new treatment option in breast cancer. On the other hand, when compared to other types of cancer in which several agents have already been approved, the research is still in its infancy. The use of anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents as monotherapy revealed encouraging results in the metastatic setting, especially when administered in the early course of the disease, although combination strategies with chemotherapy appear to increase its efficacy. The main limitation of this study is the approach of cancer only in advanced stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"15 2","pages":"497"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/db/ad/onco-15-2-497.PMC8678626.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39889943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of imatinib and nilotinib on blood calcium and blood potassium levels in chronic myeloid leukemia patients: a literature review.","authors":"Muhammad Darwin Prenggono,&nbsp;Alfi Yasmina,&nbsp;Misna Ariyah,&nbsp;Tenri Ashari Wanahari,&nbsp;Nuvita Hasrianti","doi":"10.4081/oncol.2021.547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/oncol.2021.547","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Imatinib and nilotinib are first-line treatments for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients, which act specifically against target cells. However, these drugs may cause side effects, such as electrolyte disturbances. This literature review aimed to provide a comparison of the effects of imatinib and nilotinib on blood potassium and calcium levels. It also summarized their hypothetical mechanism. A comprehensive electronic search of the different databases was conducted using 'chronic myeloid leukemia', 'tyrosine kinase inhibitors', 'imatinib', 'nilotinib', 'potassium', 'calcium', 'electrolytes' as keywords. This review used PubMed- MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar as the source databases. Sixteen articles published from 2006 to 2020 were reviewed. Changes in blood potassium levels range from increased to decreased levels, while changes in blood calcium levels range from the lower normal values to below normal values (hypocalcemia). Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), including imatinib and nilotinib, have a non-specific target, namely plateletderived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), which indirectly affects blood potassium and calcium levels in CML patients. The clinical manifestations of these changes vary from being visible only in laboratory tests to displaying a variety of clinical signs and symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"15 2","pages":"547"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c6/a0/onco-15-2-547.PMC8649642.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39892116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Programmed death ligand-1 protein expression difference in basal like and non-basal like triple negative breast cancer and its association with disease free survival and overall survival: A systematic review.","authors":"Freda Halim,&nbsp;Hasrayati Agustina,&nbsp;Yohana Azhar,&nbsp;Bethy Hernowo","doi":"10.4081/oncol.2021.533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/oncol.2021.533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study aims to summarize the literature and explore the strength of evidence for PD-L1 expression difference in basal like TNBC and non-basal like TNBC, and association of PD-L1 expression with disease free survival and overall survival in each group. A systematic search of the original research literature through November 29^th, 2020, reported according to PRISMA guideline. Eligible studies investigated must have a primary outcome and at least one secondary outcome. Two reviewers independently searched, selected, and assessed quality of studies and risk of bias. Any discrepancies will be resolved by consensus or by consulting a third and fourth author. A total of 6813 articles were screened from which five articles were selected and assessed for quality of studies and risk of bias. Of 5 articles, no similar findings are found regarding the level of PD-L1 expression and its correlation with recurrence and overall survival. There is not enough substantial evidence to support the difference PD-L1 protein expression level in basal and non-basal like TNBC and its association with recurrence and overall survival. Hence, further studies are needed specifically to focus on this problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"15 2","pages":"533"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/07/4e/onco-15-2-533.PMC8491008.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39561284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Donafenib in Chinese patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): Really a new standard of care, or should we change paradigm for drug development in HCC?","authors":"Francesca Negri,&nbsp;Camillo Porta","doi":"10.4081/oncol.2021.564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/oncol.2021.564","url":null,"abstract":"Not available","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"15 2","pages":"564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/52/ff/onco-15-2-564.PMC8477309.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39532531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular insights and clinical impacts of extracellular vesicles in cancer.","authors":"Kittinun Leetanaporn,&nbsp;Jitti Hanprasertpong,&nbsp;Raphatphorn Navakanitworakul","doi":"10.4081/oncol.2021.542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/oncol.2021.542","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cell-to-cell communication is a pivotal aspect of cancer biology. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs)have been shown to play essential roles in intercellular communications between cancer cells and the surrounding microenvironment owing to cancer development. EVs are small membrane-bound vesicles secreted by various cells containing proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and non-coding RNAs (microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs), which contribute to cancer cell development and progression. Here, we provide an overview of current research direction on EVs, especially biomolecules in EVs, and also point out the novel diagnostics, monitoring, predicting, and therapeutic aspects using EVs against cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"15 2","pages":"542"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2b/71/onco-15-2-542.PMC8477311.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39532532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The repair gene <i>BACH1</i> - a potential oncogene.","authors":"Katheeja Muhseena N,&nbsp;Sooraj Mathukkada,&nbsp;Shankar Prasad Das,&nbsp;Suparna Laha","doi":"10.4081/oncol.2021.519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/oncol.2021.519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>BACH1</i> encodes for a protein that belongs to RecQ DEAH helicase family and interacts with the BRCT repeats of <i>BRCA1</i>. The N-terminus of <i>BACH1</i> functions in DNA metabolism as DNA-dependent ATPase and helicase. The C-terminus consists of BRCT domain, which interacts with <i>BRCA1</i> and this interaction is one of the major regulator of <i>BACH1</i> function. BACH1 plays important roles both in phosphorylated as well as dephosphorylated state and functions in coordination with multiple signaling molecules. The active helicase property of BACH1 is maintained by its dephosphorylated state. Imbalance between these two states enhances the development and progression of the diseased condition. Currently <i>BACH1</i> is known as a tumor suppressor gene based on the presence of its clinically relevant mutations in different cancers. Through this review we have justified it to be named as an oncogene. In this review, we have explained the mechanism of how <i>BACH1</i> in collaboration with <i>BRCA1</i> or independently regulates various pathways like cell cycle progression, DNA replication during both normal and stressed situation, recombination and repair of damaged DNA, chromatin remodeling and epigenetic modifications. Mutation and overexpression of <i>BACH1</i> are significantly found in different cancer types. This review enlists the molecular players which interact with <i>BACH1</i> to regulate DNA metabolic functions, thereby revealing its potential for cancer therapeutics. We have identified the most mutated functional domain of <i>BACH1</i>, the hot spot for tumorigenesis, justifying it as a target molecule in different cancer types for therapeutics. <i>BACH1</i> has high potentials of transforming a normal cell into a tumor cell if compromised under certain circumstances. Thus, through this review, we justify <i>BACH1</i> as an oncogene along with the existing role of being a tumor suppressant.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"15 1","pages":"519"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/06/10/onco-15-1-519.PMC8273628.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39254643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}