Oncology Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Advancements and challenges in personalized neoantigen-based cancer vaccines.","authors":"Parminder Singh, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Roopashree R, Mandeep Kaur, Manish Srivastava, Amit Barwal, G V Siva Rajput, Pranchal Rajput, Rukshar Syed, Gajendra Sharma, Sunil Kumar, Muhammed Shabil, Sakshi Pandey, Manvinder Brar, Ganesh Bushi, Rachana Mehta, Sanjit Sah, Khang Wen Goh, Prakasini Satapathy, Abhay M Gaidhane, Shailesh Kumar Samal","doi":"10.3389/or.2025.1541326","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2025.1541326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advancements in personalized neoantigen-based cancer vaccines are ushering in a new era in oncology, targeting unique genetic alterations within tumors to enhance treatment precision and efficacy. Neoantigens, specific to cancer cells and absent in normal tissues, are at the heart of these vaccines, promising to direct the immune system specifically against the tumor, thereby maximizing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. The identification of neoantigens through genomic and proteomic technologies is central to developing these vaccines, allowing for the precise mapping of a tumor's mutational landscape. Despite advancements, accurately predicting which neoantigens will elicit strong immune responses remains challenging due to tumor variability and the complexity of immune system interactions. This necessitates further refinement of bioinformatics tools and predictive models. Moreover, the efficacy of these vaccines heavily depends on innovative delivery methods that enhance neoantigen presentation to the immune system. Techniques like encapsulating neoantigens in lipid nanoparticles and using viral vectors are critical for improving vaccine stability and delivery. Additionally, these vaccines contribute towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3.8, promoting universal health coverage by advancing access to safe and effective cancer treatments. This review delves into the potential of neoantigen-based vaccines to transform cancer treatment, examining both revolutionary advancements and the ongoing challenges they face.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"19 ","pages":"1541326"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949952/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound in endometrial cancer: evaluating the impact of pre-surgical staging.","authors":"Mariana Rei, João Francisco Bernardes, Antónia Costa","doi":"10.3389/or.2025.1446850","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2025.1446850","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preoperative staging in endometrial cancer has recently been implied as an important factor in accurately selecting low-risk cases, ultimately avoiding unnecessary lymph node debulking. Transvaginal ultrasound seems promising in clinical staging as it offers the possibility to assess the depth of myometrial infiltration and cervical stromal invasion. This commonly available, non-invasive, and low-cost modality serves as an accurate alternative to MRI, especially in middle- and low-income countries, where MRI may not be promptly available and cost is an important issue. This review aims to summarize the progressive role of clinical implementation of pelvic ultrasonography in the locoregional staging of endometrial carcinoma and to compare its accuracy with other preoperative methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"19 ","pages":"1446850"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new insight into the impact of copy number variations on cell cycle deregulation of luminal-type breast cancer.","authors":"Amir Mahdi Khamaneh, Davoud Jafari-Gharabaghlou, Khalil Ansarin, Pouya Pazooki, Zahra Akbarpour, Behrooz Naghili, Nosratollah Zarghami","doi":"10.3389/or.2025.1516409","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2025.1516409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer is the most prevalent neoplasm in women. ER⁺ (Luminal subtype), representing over 70% of breast tumors, is a genetically diverse group. Structural and Numerical-Chromosomal instability initiates tumor development and is recognized as the primary driver of genetic alteration in luminal breast tumors. Genomic instability refers to the increased tendency of cancer cells to accumulate genomic alterations during cell proliferation. The cell cycle check-point response to constant and stable genomic alterations in tumor cells drives this process. The impact of CNV patterns and aneuploidies in cell cycle and proliferation perturbation has recently been highlighted by scientists in Luminal breast tumors. The impact of chromosomal instability on cancer therapy and prognosis is not a new concept. Still, the degree of emerging genomic instability leads to prognosis alteration following cell cycle deregulation by chromosomal instability could be predicted by CNVs-based reclassification of breast tumors. In this review, we try to explain the effect of CIN in the cell cycle that ended with genomic instability and altered prognosis and the impact of CIN in decision-making for a therapy strategy for patients with luminal breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"19 ","pages":"1516409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11861078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the role of nerves in head and neck cancers - a review.","authors":"Krzysztof Rutkowski, Michał Gola, Janusz Godlewski, Anna Starzyńska, Giulia Marvaso, Federico Mastroleo, Maria Giulia Vincini, Alice Porazzi, Mattia Zaffaroni, Barbara Alicja Jereczek-Fossa","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1514004","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2024.1514004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Worldwide, head and neck cancers (HNCs) account for approximately 900,000 cases and 500,000 deaths annually, with their incidence continuing to rise. Carcinogenesis is a complex, multidimensional molecular process leading to cancer development, and in recent years, the role of nerves in the pathogenesis of various malignancies has been increasingly recognized. Thanks to the abundant innervation of the head and neck region, peripheral nervous system has gained considerable interest for its possible role in the development and progression of HNCs. Intratumoral parasympathetic, sympathetic, and sensory nerve fibers are emerging as key players and potential targets for novel anti-cancer and pain-relieving medications in different tumors, including HNCs. This review explores nerve-cancer interactions, including perineural invasion (PNI), cancer-related axonogenesis, neurogenesis, and nerve reprogramming, with an emphasis on their molecular mechanisms, mediators and clinical implications. PNI, an adverse histopathologic feature, has been widely investigated in HNCs. However, its prognostic value remains debated due to inconsistent results when classified dichotomously (present/absent). Emerging evidence suggests that quantitative and qualitative descriptions of PNI may better reflect its clinical usefulness. The review also examines therapies targeting nerve-cancer crosstalk and highlights the influence of HPV status on tumor innervation. By synthesizing current knowledge, challenges, and future perspectives, this review offers insights into the molecular basis of nerve involvement in HNCs and the potential for novel therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1514004"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11791411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarker testing in lung cancer: from bench to bedside.","authors":"Ullas Batra, Shrinidhi Nathany","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1445826","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2024.1445826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the poster child of personalized medicine. With increased knowledge about biomarkers and the consequent improvement in survival rates, NSCLC has changed from being a therapeutic nihilistic disease to that characterized by therapeutic enthusiasm. The routine biomarkers tested in NSCLC are EGFR, ALK, and ROS1. However, several additional biomarkers have been added to the diagnostic landscape. Current guidelines recommend testing at least seven biomarkers upfront at the time of NSCLC diagnosis-emphasizing the wide range of targets and corresponding therapies that can be leveraged for disease management. Sequential single-gene testing is not only time-consuming but also leads to tissue exhaustion. Multigene panel testing using next-generation sequencing (NGS) offers an attractive diagnostic substitute that aligns with the evolving dynamics of precision medicine. NGS enables the identification of point mutations, insertions, deletions, copy number alterations, fusion genes, and microsatellite instability information needed to guide the potential use of targeted therapy. This article reviews the existing guidelines, proposed recommendations for NGS in non-squamous NSCLC, real-world data on its use, and the advantages of adopting broader panel-based NGS testing over single-gene testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1445826"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Status analysis of quality control of administered infusion solution with cytotoxic drugs.","authors":"Shan Wang, Feng-Ying Zhang, Xue Dou, Xiao-Lin Pan, Chen Su, Jin-Lei Tian, Dian-Ping Mu","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1415677","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2024.1415677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The administered infusion solution is a sterile preparation that can be used directly for intravenous infusion in patients by mixing one or more intravenous drugs using aseptic operation technology. The pharmacy intravenous admixture service (PIVAS) center is a professional technical service department in hospitals, where the majority of inpatient-administered infusion solutions are prepared. During the processes of dissolution, dilution, preparation, storage, and use of intravenous drugs, the quality control of the administered infusion solution can be affected by various factors. At present, there are no relevant standards or guidance documents for the quality control of administered infusion solutions. Cytotoxic drugs are still the main treatment option for cancer patients and are mainly prepared in PIVAS centers in most hospitals. In this study, we mainly focused on the quality control of cytotoxic drug-administered infusion solutions and explored associated factors (diluent, container, concentration, temperature, and light), physical stability (visual appearance, pH, osmolality, and particulate matter), chemical stability (content), and biological stability (sterility). Most of the studies reviewed in this paper have insufficient data on the related factors and physicochemical stability of the administered infusion solutions. Research on the sterility of administered infusion solutions is particularly limited, with only one article addressing this aspect. Ensuring the quality of cytotoxic drug-administered infusion solutions is vital for the safe administration of drugs to cancer patients, so it is very important to enhance associated research. This article summarized the relevant literature on the quality control of cytotoxic drug-administered infusion solutions and provided a reference for safer and more efficient use of these drugs in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1415677"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11742943/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RAGE and its ligands in breast cancer progression and metastasis.","authors":"Madalina Coser, Bogdan Mihai Neamtu, Bogdan Pop, Calin Remus Cipaian, Maria Crisan","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1507942","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2024.1507942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer diagnosed worldwide and the leading cause of death in women globally, according to Globocan 2020. Hence, investigating novel pathways implicated in cancer progression and metastasis could lead to the development of targeted therapies and new treatment strategies in breast cancer. Recent studies reported an interplay between the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and its ligands, S100 protein group, advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) and breast cancer growth and metastasis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We used articles available in the NCBI website database PubMed to write this scoping review. The search words used were 'RAGE receptor' AND/OR 'breast cancer, RAGE ligands, glycation end products'. A total of 90 articles were included. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between the RAGE rs1800624 polymorphism and breast cancer risk using fixed-effect or random-effect models to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RAGE upon activation by its ligands enhances downstream signaling pathways, contributing to breast cancer cells migration, growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. In addition, studies have shown that RAGE and its ligands influence the way breast cancer cells interact with immune cells present in the tumor microenvironment (macrophages, fibroblasts), thus regulating it to promote tumor growth and metastasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Breast cancers with a high expression of RAGE are associated with poor prognosis. Targeting RAGE and its ligands impairs cell invasion and metastasis, showing promising potential for further research as potential prognostic biomarkers or targeted onco-therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1507942"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11739297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of synovial sarcoma of the right mid-thigh and literature review.","authors":"Jing Zhang, Zhengyi Li, Guoqiang Guo, Chunchun Jin, Meifang Deng","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1445143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/or.2024.1445143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare and malignant mesenchymal neoplasm. We report a case of a 16-year-old Chinese female diagnosed with biphasic synovial sarcoma. The imaging features, surgical procedures and pathological results of the lesion were described in detail. Additionally, we conducted a review of the literature on synovial sarcoma of the thigh over the past 2 decades, identifying a total of 25 relevant case reports and summarizing the characteristics of these cases. Synovial sarcoma has a high degree of malignancy, with a high recurrence and metastasis rate, and a 5-year survival rate of 36%-76% and a 10-year survival rate of 20%-63%, so early detection of the lesion and preoperative differential diagnosis are of paramount importance in the treatment of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1445143"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11695431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lymphadenectomy in the treatment of sarcomas - indications and technique.","authors":"Piotr Dunaj, Ewa Żukowska, Anna M Czarnecka, Maria Krotewicz, Aneta Borkowska, Paulina Chmiel, Tomasz Świtaj, Piotr Rutkowski","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1413734","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2024.1413734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sarcomas are a rare type of malignancy with limited treatment options so far. This analysis aimed to describe the impact of lymphadenectomy on treating sarcoma patients. Sarcomas characterized by lymphatic spread are rare. For this reason, lymphadenectomy is not a procedure that is performed frequently. However, there are histological subtypes that spread more frequently through lymphatic vessels, such as rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), epithelioid sarcoma (ES), clear cell sarcoma (CCS), and angiosarcoma. On the other hand, synovial sarcoma (SS) is not characterized by an increased tendency to lymphogenous metastases. In our study, we focus on these subtypes of sarcomas. The relationship between lymphadenectomy results and the subsequent prognosis of the patients was investigated. Metastases in the lymph nodes are diagnosed synchronously with distant metastases or when the primary tumor is detected. At the same time, despite lymphadenectomy, sarcoma patients developed further distant metastases. Currently, lymphadenectomy is not a routinely recommended method of treatment for patients with sarcomas. Most often, its potential use is indicated in the case of epithelioid sarcoma, clear cell sarcoma, and rhabdomyosarcoma after a previous positive sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) result. Multicenter randomized prospective clinical trials on the role of lymphadenectomy in the treatment of sarcomas are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1413734"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11683405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the prevalence of latent tuberculosis in cancer patients compared to non-cancer patients: a case-control study.","authors":"Masoud Mortezazadeh, Mehdi Karimi, Mohsen Esfandbod, Abbas Mofidi, Nima Hemmati, Mehdi Kashani, Niyousha Shirsalimi, Seyyed Taher Seyyed Mahmoudi, Ehsan Kamali Yazdi","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1445678","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2024.1445678","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Latent tuberculosis (TB) can reactivate in immunocompromised individuals, such as cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, leading to severe complications. Understanding the prevalence of latent TB in this high-risk group is crucial, especially in regions with moderate to high TB burdens.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to determine the prevalence of latent tuberculosis in cancer patients before chemotherapy and immunotherapy to guide preventive interventions and reduce the risk of TB reactivation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This case-control study was conducted at Sina Hospital in Tehran, Iran, from 2012 to 2022. A total of 392, including 107 newly diagnosed cancer (case) and 285 non-cancer (control) patients, were enrolled in this study. All patients had received the <i>Bacillus</i> Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine at the age of one. They underwent a thorough clinical examination and were screened using the tuberculin skin test (TST) to detect latent TB. Any active TB cases were identified through acid-fast smear tests. The data collected from the study participants was then analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed no significant difference in the size of TST between cancer and non-cancer patients (cases: median = 2 mm, IQR: 1-12; controls: median = 2 mm, IQR: 1-5; <i>p</i> = 0.09). The prevalence of latent TB was 27.1% in cancer patients and 20.7% in non-cancer patients, with no significant association identified between latent TB and malignancies (P-value = 0.176). Over a median follow-up of 4 years, mortality was significantly higher in cancer patients compared to controls (42.1% vs 1.8%; P< 0.001, OR = 40.64). Additionally, deceased patients exhibited a greater prevalence of latent TB (44% vs 19.3% in survivors; P< 0.001, OR = 3.28), and increased size of TST was associated with higher mortality risk among cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, this study emphasizes the need for vigilant latent TB screening in cancer patients, given the association between larger TST sizes and increased mortality risk. While no direct link between cancer type and latent TB was found, proactive TB management remains crucial, particularly for those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1445678"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11652964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142854953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}