Oncology Reviews最新文献

{"title":"The prevalence of non-sentinel lymph node metastasis among breast cancer patients with sentinel lymph node involvement and its impact on clinical decision-making: a single-centred retrospective study.","authors":"Jingxian Ding, Xiaoliu Jiang, Zhaohui Huang, Qiao Ji, Jie Long, Yali Cao, Yonghong Guo","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1495133","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2024.1495133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has become standard procedure for early breast cancer patients with clinically node negative disease. The patients with SLN metastasis normally underwent axillary lymph node dissection (ALND). However, the metastatic status of non-sentinel Lymph nodes (non-SLNs) varied significantly in different reports. Here, we evaluated the prevalence of non-SLNs metastasis among breast cancer patients with sentinel lymph node metastasis and its impact on clinical decision-making.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We identified 892 female patients with operable cT1-3N0 invasive breast cancer who underwent ALND in our center due to SLN metastasis from 2017 to 2023, retrospectively. The prevalence of non-SLN metastasis among different clinicopathological traits and its correlation with the number of positive SLNs were analyzed. The optimal clinical decision-making was generalized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median number of SLN+, SLN, non-SLN+ and non-SLN was 2, 4, 1 and 14 among the enrolled 892 female patients, respectively. 504 (56.50%) patients with SLN + had at least one metastatic lymph node in the harvested non-SLNs. Among the enrolled 892 female patients, 435 (48.77%) patients with 1 positive SLN, of which 180 (41.38%) had at least one additional metastatic non-SLNs. 242 (27.13%) patients with 2 positive SLNs, of which 146 (60.33%) had at least one metastatic non-SLNs. For the rest 215 (24.10%) patients with at least 3 metastatic SLNs, 178 (82.79%) had at least one metastatic non-SLNs. In the univariate analysis, the non-SLNs metastatic status was correlated with the number of SLNs+, tumor size, tumor grade, lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and molecular subtypes, but not histopathologic type. In the multivariate analysis, the risk of additional non-SLNs metastasis correlated with the number of SLNs+, SLNs, non-SLNs and LVI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Omiting ALND in patients with higher non-SLNs + rate outside the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group (ACSOG) Z0011 and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) 10,981-22023 AMAROS criteria should be considered with caution in clinical decision-making. To evaluate whether axillary radiotherapy and ALND provides equivalent regional control in breast cancer patients with obvious residual metastatic lymph nodes undesected in the axilla, a well-matched prospective randomized controlled trial is an urgent need.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1495133"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11560433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor therapeutics in the era of \"RECIST\": past, current insights, and future prospects.","authors":"Zhilong Xu, Gening Jiang, Jie Dai","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1435922","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2024.1435922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, advancements in medical treatment and imaging technologies have revolutionized the assessment of tumor response. However, the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) has long been established as the gold standard for evaluating tumor treatment. As treatment modalities evolve, the need for continuous refinement and adaptation of RECIST becomes increasingly apparent. This review explores the historical evolution, current applications, limitations, and future directions of RECIST. It discusses the challenges of distinguishing true progression from pseudo-progression in ICIs (immune checkpoint inhibitors), the integration of advanced imaging tools, and the necessity for RECIST criteria tailored to specific therapies like neoadjuvant treatments. The review highlights the ongoing efforts to enhance RECIST's accuracy and reliability in clinical decision-making and the potential for developing new standards to better evaluate treatment efficacy in the rapidly evolving landscape of oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1435922"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11527623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colorectal cancer and associated genetic, lifestyle, cigarette, nargileh-hookah use and alcohol consumption risk factors: a comprehensive case-control study.","authors":"Abdulbari Bener, Ahmet Emin Öztürk, Muhammed Furkan Dasdelen, Cem Cahit Barisik, Zehra Betul Dasdelen, Ahmet F Agan, Jean De La Rosette, Andrew S Day","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1449709","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2024.1449709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the causes and risk factors of colorectal cancer (CRC) in a Turkish population, focusing on various modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A hospital-based case-control design was employed to compare individuals with CRC (cases) to individuals without CRC (controls). Male and female participants were recruited from the surgery, internal medicine, and out-patient departments. The study encompassed socio-demographic data, clinical information, radiological diagnoses, and biochemical measurements. Univariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to determine associated risk factors of CRC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 704 individuals with CRC and 704 controls. Significant socio-demographic disparities were observed between the groups, with over 30% of the cases having lower levels of education and income compared to the controls. Lifestyle factors such as obesity, higher rates of smoking (cigarettes and hookah) and alcohol consumption were more prevalent among cases than controls. Further significant associations were identified with intestinal inflammation, obesity, processed food consumption, and symptoms such as abdominal pain, cramps, diarrhea, constipation, blood in stool, bloating, irritable bowel syndrome, nausea/vomiting, anemia, stress, fatigue, weakness, and weight loss. Diet analysis revealed that individuals with CRC consumed more red meat, processed and fast foods along with less pulses and vegetables. Genetic predispositions and exposure to chemicals also correlated strongly with increased CRC risk. Multivariable regression analysis identified, nausea/vomiting, constipation, intestinal disease, genetics factor, hookah-nargileh use, history of any cancer, family history of bowel cancer, constipation, cigarette smoking, stress, milk-yogurt consumption, obesity and red meat consumption as significant determinants for CRC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CRC risk is influenced by dietary, lifestyle, and genetic factors. Awareness of hereditary risk and participation in screening are crucial. Lifestyle changes, such as avoiding smoking, hookah, and alcohol use, and adopting a healthy diet, are essential for prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1449709"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11505119/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environment and gynaecologic cancers.","authors":"Rudrika Chandra, Sarita Kumari","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1430532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/or.2024.1430532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the current era, environmental factors are well established as major causative agents for all cancers especially lung and breast cancer. We sought to review the current available literature on the topic pertaining to gynaecologic cancers. Although a few factors are well established in literature, others need more research to conclude.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1430532"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracheal Tumors: Clinical Practice Guidelines for Palliative Treatment and Follow-Up.","authors":"Aleksandra Piórek, Adam Płużański, Magdalena Knetki-Wróblewska, Kinga Winiarczyk, Sylwia Tabor, Dariusz M Kowalski, Maciej Krzakowski","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1451247","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2024.1451247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A substantial portion of patients with advanced cancer cannot be cured, regardless of the therapeutic methods employed. Hence, rational palliative causal treatment becomes crucial. Representative studies specifically addressing the exclusive palliative treatment of patients diagnosed with tracheal cancers have not been identified. In most studies, patients treated palliatively constituted a subset of the overall evaluated group. A thorough literature review was conducted, focusing on three types of palliative treatment: palliative radiotherapy, palliative surgical procedures, and systemic treatment for advanced disease. This review uniquely fills a significant gap in the existing literature by providing the first comprehensive and updated clinical practice guidelines specifically focused on the palliative treatment of tracheal tumors. The proposed guidelines emphasize the unique clinical challenges and treatment strategies pertinent to palliative care in tracheal tumors, which are not adequately covered in existing guidelines for other thoracic malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1451247"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11445028/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators Related to Undertaking Physical Activities in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Hu Yan, Chang Shuying, Li Yuege, Kong Han","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1360480","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2024.1360480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) and its treatments cause significant acute, chronic, or latent adverse effects, leading to decreased physical function and quality of life. Robust evidence supports the positive effects of physical activity (PA) on various health outcomes in CRC patients. However, there is limited understanding regarding the factors that influence PA engagement, including facilitators, preferences, and barriers in this population.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This scoping review aims to document the breadth and depth of literature concerning the various aspects of PA participation among patients with CRC. We conducted a scoping review of PA among CRC patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched several databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane, from their inception to 25 July 2023. Multiple reviewers were involved in all screening and data abstractions. The search yielded 834 individual citations after removing duplicates. After screening the titles and abstracts, 20 articles underwent full-text review, and 11 were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our research findings indicate that among CRC patients, the most prevalent facilitators/preferences for PA are understanding its importance and perceiving its benefits, whereas treatment-related effects and lack of time are the most common barriers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CRC patients have unique facilitators and barriers concerning PA. Further research and clinical interventions are required to support and encourage this population to participate in and maintain regular PA.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1360480"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11414545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142292656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Progress on the Mechanism of Histone Deacetylases in Ferroptosis of Glioma.","authors":"Meng Ma, Xifeng Fei, Dongyi Jiang, Hanchun Chen, Xiangtong Xie, Zhimin Wang, Qiang Huang","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1432131","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2024.1432131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glioma is the most prevalent primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system. While traditional treatment modalities such as surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy have made significant advancements in glioma treatment, the prognosis for glioma patients remains often unsatisfactory. Ferroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death, plays a crucial role in glioma and is considered to be the most functionally rich programmed cell death process. Histone deacetylases have emerged as a key focus in regulating ferroptosis in glioma. By inhibiting the activity of histone deacetylases, histone deacetylase inhibitors elevate acetylation levels of both histones and non-histone proteins, thereby influencing various cellular processes. Numerous studies have demonstrated that histone deacetylases are implicated in the development of glioma and hold promise for its treatment. This article provides an overview of research progress on the mechanism by which histone deacetylases contribute to ferroptosis in glioma.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1432131"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142081165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel-and Not So Novel-Inhibitors of the Multifunctional CRM1 Protein.","authors":"Waitman K Aumann, Rafi Kazi, Amanda M Harrington, Daniel S Wechsler","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1427497","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2024.1427497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chromosome Region Maintenance 1 (CRM1), also known as Exportin 1 (XPO1), is a protein that is critical for transport of proteins and RNA to the cytoplasm through the nuclear pore complex. CRM1 inhibition with small molecule inhibitors is currently being studied in many cancers, including leukemias, solid organ malignancies and brain tumors. We review the structure of CRM1, its role in nuclear export, the current availability of CRM1 inhibitors, and the role of CRM1 in a number of distinct cellular processes. A deeper understanding of how CRM1 functions in nuclear export as well as other cellular processes may allow for the development of additional novel CRM1 inhibitors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1427497"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11330842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142004897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer-Induced Resting Sinus Tachycardia: An Overlooked Clinical Diagnosis.","authors":"Minas Sakellakis, Jashan Reet, Michail Kladas, Gregory Hoge, Athanasios Chalkias, Miroslav Radulovic","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1439415","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2024.1439415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Elevated resting heart rate is frequently observed in cancer patients, and is associated with increased mortality. Although specific chemotherapeutic agents can induce cardiotoxicity, the presence of sinus tachycardia in chemotherapy-naive patients suggests other factors likely contribute to this clinical presentation. Despite its prevalence, cancer-associated resting sinus tachycardia has not been fully recognized and comprehensively described as a separate clinical entity. Secondary effects of cancer, especially structural cardiac changes, secretory factors (inflammatory cytokines), and thromboembolic disease can cause resting tachycardia. Alternatively, rapid heart rate may reflect compensatory mechanisms responding to increased metabolic demands, raised cardiac output states, and even pain. Hence, cancer-associated tachycardia presents a clinical dilemma; acute life-threatening conditions (such as sepsis, pulmonary embolism, etc.) must be ruled out, but cancer itself can explain resting sinus tachycardia and more conservative management can avoid unnecessary testing, cost and patient stress. Furthermore, identification and management of cardiac conditions associated with cancer may improve survival and the quality of life of cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1439415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11327047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142000478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Translational Modification of PTEN Protein: Quantity and Activity.","authors":"Xiao Li, Pu Yang, Xiaoli Hou, Shaoping Ji","doi":"10.3389/or.2024.1430237","DOIUrl":"10.3389/or.2024.1430237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-translational modifications play crucial roles in regulating protein functions and stabilities. PTEN is a critical tumor suppressor involved in regulating cellular proliferation, survival, and migration processes. However, dysregulation of PTEN is common in various human cancers. PTEN stability and activation/suppression have been extensively studied in the context of tumorigenesis through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. PTEN undergoes various post-translational modifications, primarily including phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, neddylation, and oxidation, which finely tune its activity and stability. Generally, phosphorylation modulates PTEN activity through its lipid phosphatase function, leading to altered power of the signaling pathways. Acetylation influences PTEN protein stability and degradation rate. SUMOylation has been implicated in PTEN localization and interactions with other proteins, affecting its overall function. Neddylation, as a novel modification of PTEN, is a key regulatory mechanism in the loss of tumor suppressor function of PTEN. Although current therapeutic approaches focus primarily on inhibiting PI3 kinase, understanding the post-translational modifications of PTEN could help provide new therapeutic strategies that can restore PTEN's role in PIP3-dependent tumors. The present review summarizes the major recent developments in the regulation of PTEN protein level and activity. We expect that these insights will contribute to better understanding of this critical tumor suppressor and its potential implications for cancer therapy in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":19487,"journal":{"name":"Oncology Reviews","volume":"18 ","pages":"1430237"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}