NeoReviewsPub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.25-6-e350
Sanjeet Panda, Ajay Singh, Hugo Kato, Artemiy Kokhanov
{"title":"Cerebral Palsy: A Current Perspective.","authors":"Sanjeet Panda, Ajay Singh, Hugo Kato, Artemiy Kokhanov","doi":"10.1542/neo.25-6-e350","DOIUrl":"10.1542/neo.25-6-e350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common cause of motor disability in children. Insults to the brain at different times lead to diverse injuries. As a result, CP is an extremely heterogeneous clinical diagnosis, presenting differently in each individual and at various ages. With improving survival rates of preterm newborns, increasing active resuscitation of extremely preterm newborns, and widespread availability of extensive genetic testing soon after birth, it is imperative to focus on earlier diagnosis and long-term outcomes of CP. CP is primarily classified into 4 categories based on type of motor impairment, functional ability, distribution, and etiology. As the understanding of CP has evolved significantly in the last 2 decades, the methods of early detection of CP have consequently advanced. Appropriate diagnosis is essential for proper education and counseling of affected families, and introduction of therapeutic interventions as early as possible. In this review, we focus on early brain development and provide an overview of the etiology, classification, diagnosis, early therapeutic options, and prognosis of CP.</p>","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"25 6","pages":"e350-e360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141183881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Developmental Outcomes after Opioid Exposure in the Fetus and Neonate.","authors":"Jeanette Fong, Juanita Lewis, Melanie Lam, Kalpashri Kesavan","doi":"10.1542/neo.25-6-e325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.25-6-e325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The overall prevalence of opiate use has been increasing, currently affecting approximately 0.6% of the global population and resulting in a significant proportion of infants being born with prenatal opioid exposure. Animal and human models of prenatal opioid exposure demonstrate detrimental effects on brain anatomy as well as neurodevelopment. Less is known about the neurologic sequelae of postnatal opioid exposure in hospitalized infants. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of the impact of prenatal and postnatal opioid exposure on the brain and on neurodevelopment outcomes. We also identify resources and management strategies that may help mitigate neurodevelopmental delays and deficits associated with opioid exposure in this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"25 6","pages":"e325-e337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141183884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeoReviewsPub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.25-5-e286
S Jyothi, R R Prashanth, Sruthi Nair, Anitha Haribalakrishna
{"title":"A Growth-Restricted Neonate with Abnormal Facies and Lax Skin.","authors":"S Jyothi, R R Prashanth, Sruthi Nair, Anitha Haribalakrishna","doi":"10.1542/neo.25-5-e286","DOIUrl":"10.1542/neo.25-5-e286","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"25 5","pages":"e286-e289"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140859136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeoReviewsPub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.25-5-e265
Saivaroon Gajagowni, Amruta Padhye
{"title":"Neonatal Osteomyelitis.","authors":"Saivaroon Gajagowni, Amruta Padhye","doi":"10.1542/neo.25-5-e265","DOIUrl":"10.1542/neo.25-5-e265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Osteomyelitis is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition affecting the skeletal system of newborns. The condition is relatively rare in neonates but occurs at higher rates in high-risk pregnancies, in preterm infants, and with the use of invasive devices. As a result of the anatomy and immature immune system of newborns, neonates differ in presentation, diagnosis, and management of osteomyelitis compared to patients of other age groups. An understanding of these differences will assist clinicians in the prompt diagnosis and management of this neonatal infection and lead to improved long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"25 5","pages":"e265-e273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140855422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeoReviewsPub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.25-5-e254
Daisy Marty, Kirsten Sorum, Kevin Smith, Pamela Nicoski, Ban Al Sayyed, Sachin Amin
{"title":"Nosocomial Infections in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.","authors":"Daisy Marty, Kirsten Sorum, Kevin Smith, Pamela Nicoski, Ban Al Sayyed, Sachin Amin","doi":"10.1542/neo.25-5-e254","DOIUrl":"10.1542/neo.25-5-e254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nosocomial infections are relatively common in the NICU. These infections increase morbidity and mortality, particularly in the smallest and most fragile infants. The impact of these infections on long-term outcomes and health-care costs is devastating. Worldwide efforts to decrease the incidence of nosocomial infections have focused on implementing specific prevention protocols such as handwashing, central line teams, care bundles, and antimicrobial stewardship. This review summarizes common nosocomial infections in patients in the NICU.</p>","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"25 5","pages":"e254-e264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140870777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeoReviewsPub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.25-5-e299
Steven D Ham, Pooja Desai, Sara Wertenteil, Carolyn Fein Levy
{"title":"A Newborn with Blueberry Muffin Lesions.","authors":"Steven D Ham, Pooja Desai, Sara Wertenteil, Carolyn Fein Levy","doi":"10.1542/neo.25-5-e299","DOIUrl":"10.1542/neo.25-5-e299","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"25 5","pages":"e299-e302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140864712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unsettling Common Sense Assumptions about Intimate Partner Violence in the NICU.","authors":"Susanne Klawetter, Stéphanie Wahab, Ladawna Gievers","doi":"10.1542/neo.25-5-e245","DOIUrl":"10.1542/neo.25-5-e245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>NICU clinicians strive to provide family-centered care and often encounter complex and ethical challenges. Emerging evidence suggests that NICU clinicians likely interact with families experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV). However, little research and training exists to guide NICU clinicians in their thinking and practice in the midst of IPV. In this review, we use a structural violence framework to engage in a critical analysis of commonly held assumptions about IPV. These assumptions include an overreliance on binaries including male-female and offender-victim, the belief that people need to be rescued, prioritization of physical safety, and the notion that mandatory reporting helps families who experience violence. By reexamining these assumptions, this review guides NICU clinicians to consider alternatives to carceral and punitive responses to IPV, such as transformative justice and reflexive engagement.</p>","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"25 5","pages":"e245-e253"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11801410/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140859137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeoReviewsPub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.25-5-e295
Akosua Y Oppong, Brett C Young, Chi-Fong Wang
{"title":"Severe Influenza in Pregnancy: Neonatal Implications.","authors":"Akosua Y Oppong, Brett C Young, Chi-Fong Wang","doi":"10.1542/neo.25-5-e295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.25-5-e295","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"25 5","pages":"e295-e298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140869204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeoReviewsPub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.25-5-e303
William Z M Li, Dara Brodsky, Judy Estroff, Cynthia Hayne, Kelly McCullagh
{"title":"Two Growth-Restricted Fetuses with Severe Microcephaly and Neurologic Abnormalities.","authors":"William Z M Li, Dara Brodsky, Judy Estroff, Cynthia Hayne, Kelly McCullagh","doi":"10.1542/neo.25-5-e303","DOIUrl":"10.1542/neo.25-5-e303","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"25 5","pages":"e303-e311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140853769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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