NeoReviewsPub Date : 2026-10-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.27-10-056
Anand Nandakumar, Nikhil Kumar, Sankar Hariharan, S Radhika
{"title":"Progressive Microcephaly in a Term Neonate.","authors":"Anand Nandakumar, Nikhil Kumar, Sankar Hariharan, S Radhika","doi":"10.1542/neo.27-10-056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.27-10-056","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"27 10","pages":"e645-e649"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeoReviewsPub Date : 2026-10-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.27-10-054
Abigail McCay, Daniela Bichianu
{"title":"Congenital Measles: A Review.","authors":"Abigail McCay, Daniela Bichianu","doi":"10.1542/neo.27-10-054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.27-10-054","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since measles was declared \"eliminated\" in the United States following widespread vaccination, congenital measles has been exceedingly rare. As a result, many neonatal clinicians are unlikely to have encountered a case during or after training. However, with the rise of vaccine hesitancy and declining vaccination rates, the incidence of measles among women of childbearing age, and thus the risk of gestational and congenital measles, has increased. Because the incidence of measles incidence is expected to continue to rise, it is imperative that neonatal clinicians be familiar with the presentation, complications, and management of congenital measles. In this review, we summarize the historical epidemiology of congenital measles and provide current and future epidemiological predictions in the context of declining vaccinations. We also describe the clinical course and general management of congenital measles.</p>","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"27 10","pages":"e626-e633"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeoReviewsPub Date : 2026-10-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.27-10-053
Neema Pithia, Karin Nielsen-Saines
{"title":"Congenital Arboviruses: A Review.","authors":"Neema Pithia, Karin Nielsen-Saines","doi":"10.1542/neo.27-10-053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.27-10-053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital arboviruses represent a significant public health concern because of their ability to cross the placental barrier and adversely affect fetal development. In this review, we delineate the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic challenges associated with key congenital arboviral infections, including Zika, dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, Oropouche, and West Nile virus. While vertical transmission mechanisms vary among arboviruses, inflammation, placental disruption, and viral replication within fetal tissues are common pathological features. Early diagnosis is complicated by overlapping clinical symptoms, limited laboratory capacity in endemic areas, and cross-reactivity in serological tests for flaviviruses. In this review, we highlight the need for improved surveillance, targeted diagnostics, and preventive strategies, including vector control and maternal vaccination, to reduce the burden of congenital arboviral diseases. Understanding the maternal-fetal dynamics of arboviral infections is essential for developing effective public health interventions and mitigating long-term outcomes in affected populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"27 10","pages":"e611-e625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeoReviewsPub Date : 2026-10-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.27-10-058
Adrián Martínez-Gayosso, Alejandra Olvera-Suarez, María Teresa García-Romero
{"title":"Preterm Neonate With a Thickened Firm Plaque on Its Back.","authors":"Adrián Martínez-Gayosso, Alejandra Olvera-Suarez, María Teresa García-Romero","doi":"10.1542/neo.27-10-058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.27-10-058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"27 10","pages":"e656-e659"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeoReviewsPub Date : 2026-10-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.27-10-055
Astrid H León Silva, Joyce Rabbat, Sachin Amin
{"title":"Approach and Management of Abnormal T-Cell Receptor Excision Circles on Newborn Screening.","authors":"Astrid H León Silva, Joyce Rabbat, Sachin Amin","doi":"10.1542/neo.27-10-055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.27-10-055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) is a disease of adaptative immunity and the most severe form of primary immunodeficiency. Without early diagnosis and proper management, infants are at increased risk of severe recurrent infections and death. The addition of a T-cell receptor excision circle (TREC) assay to newborn screening (NBS) has made an enormous impact on early disease diagnosis and management, resulting in improved survival. In this review, we will discuss the diagnosis and management of SCID and the impact of the TREC assay addition to NBS.</p>","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"27 10","pages":"e634-e644"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeoReviewsPub Date : 2026-10-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.27-10-059
Kate Hirsch, Andrew Tuten, Heather Drake, Adam S Bauer
{"title":"Point-of-Care Ultrasonography-Guided Placement of a Peripheral Intravenous Line in a Neonate.","authors":"Kate Hirsch, Andrew Tuten, Heather Drake, Adam S Bauer","doi":"10.1542/neo.27-10-059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.27-10-059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"27 10","pages":"e660-e662"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeoReviewsPub Date : 2026-10-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.27-10-060
Emily Tyksinski, Melanie S Collins
{"title":"Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia: Use of Airway Clearance in the NICU and Beyond.","authors":"Emily Tyksinski, Melanie S Collins","doi":"10.1542/neo.27-10-060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.27-10-060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"27 10","pages":"e663-e668"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeoReviewsPub Date : 2026-10-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.27-10-052
Sydney Green, Cara Boyle, Carl H Backes
{"title":"Equitable Language Access in Neonatal Research.","authors":"Sydney Green, Cara Boyle, Carl H Backes","doi":"10.1542/neo.27-10-052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.27-10-052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Participation in neonatal randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is associated with improved or equivalent outcomes for infants and is widely viewed as a cornerstone of high-quality neonatal care. Equitable access to research participation is therefore essential to scientific validity, ethical integrity, and generalizability. Although substantial efforts have focused on improving the representation of racial and ethnic minority groups in neonatal research, the inclusion of families who speak languages other than English remains inadequately examined. In this perspective, we synthesize existing evidence on language-based exclusion in pediatric research and present findings from systematic reviews of neonatal RCT protocols and informed consent materials from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network (1991-2020) and ClinicalTrials.gov (2018-2025). We discuss regulatory, institutional, and structural factors contributing to language exclusion and highlight actionable strategies to promote language-inclusive research, including strengthened federal regulations, investment in equitable language access, language-inclusive study design, systematic documentation of participant language, and meaningful community engagement. Advancing language equity in neonatal research is critical to improving representation, strengthening scientific validity and ensuring that the benefits of research extend to all infants and families.</p>","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"27 10","pages":"e604-e610"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149112866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeoReviewsPub Date : 2026-09-01DOI: 10.1542/neo.27-9-044
Tierney M Morrison, Tabitha Poorvu, Kristen Leeman, Eyal Krispin, David Schidlow, Christina Vanderpluym, Stephanie Guseh, Monica H Wojcik
{"title":"Severe Fetal Cardiomyopathy: Considerations for Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation During Neonatal Resuscitation.","authors":"Tierney M Morrison, Tabitha Poorvu, Kristen Leeman, Eyal Krispin, David Schidlow, Christina Vanderpluym, Stephanie Guseh, Monica H Wojcik","doi":"10.1542/neo.27-9-044","DOIUrl":"10.1542/neo.27-9-044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary cardiomyopathies are associated with poor neonatal outcomes, including high mortality rates. Neonatal care of infants with significant prenatal cardiac diagnoses may warrant additional management considerations beyond standard Neonatal Resuscitation Program guidelines. Many of these management considerations are described in the Neonatal Resuscitation, 9th Edition, which details several congenital cardiac lesions and their delivery room management; still, a prenatal primary cardiomyopathy diagnosis warrants additional, unique predelivery care planning, especially in more severe cases. This case report describes our multidisciplinary team's approach to predelivery planning and neonatal resuscitation and stabilization of an infant with prenatal diagnosis of severe cardiomyopathy. The case underscores that with continued refinement in patient selection, timing, and technology, a similar approach undertaken in a future case might yield a favorable outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"27 9","pages":"e599-e603"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}