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Neonatal Visual Impairment: Etiologies, Screening, and Management. 新生儿视力障碍：病因、筛查和管理。
NeoReviews Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1542/neo.26-6-023
Lydia Vielmetti, Shayna Hibbs, Hawke Yoon
{"title":"Neonatal Visual Impairment: Etiologies, Screening, and Management.","authors":"Lydia Vielmetti, Shayna Hibbs, Hawke Yoon","doi":"10.1542/neo.26-6-023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.26-6-023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Severe visual impairment in the newborn period can be attributed to prenatal and perinatal etiologies. Prenatal causes include various congenital anomalies such as anophthalmos or microphthalmos, congenital cataracts, congenital glaucoma, retinal dystrophies, and retinoblastoma. Acquired perinatal causes include ophthalmia neonatorum, cerebral visual impairment related to neurologic insult, and retinopathy of prematurity. Severe visual impairment can negatively affect a child's growth, development, social skills, and educational abilities, but prompt recognition and treatment of visual deficits can minimize long-term complications. In this review, we describe the approach to screening for visual impairment in the newborn and review treatment modalities and long-term sequelae of the most common causes of neonatal visual impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"26 6","pages":"e391-e401"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lack of Parental Visitation as a Symptom, Not a Diagnosis: The Impact of Social Drivers of Health in the NICU. 缺乏父母探视作为一种症状，而不是诊断：社会驱动因素对新生儿重症监护病房健康的影响
NeoReviews Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1542/neo.26-6-030
Shenell Reynolds, Erika G Cordova-Ramos, Mattie F Wolf, Salathiel R Kendrick-Allwood, Sonya Nicole McLaughlin, Amy R L Rule, Michelle-Marie Peña
{"title":"Lack of Parental Visitation as a Symptom, Not a Diagnosis: The Impact of Social Drivers of Health in the NICU.","authors":"Shenell Reynolds, Erika G Cordova-Ramos, Mattie F Wolf, Salathiel R Kendrick-Allwood, Sonya Nicole McLaughlin, Amy R L Rule, Michelle-Marie Peña","doi":"10.1542/neo.26-6-030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.26-6-030","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"26 6","pages":"e435-e445"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neonatal Choanal Atresia and Stenosis. 新生儿后肛门闭锁和狭窄。
NeoReviews Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1542/neo.26-6-022
Beverley Robin, Caroline Wambach, Krupa Patel, Katie Holland, Anatoli Karas
{"title":"Neonatal Choanal Atresia and Stenosis.","authors":"Beverley Robin, Caroline Wambach, Krupa Patel, Katie Holland, Anatoli Karas","doi":"10.1542/neo.26-6-022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.26-6-022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Choanal atresia (CA) and choanal stenosis (CS) are congenital obstruction or narrowing of the choanae, respectively. Neonates with bilateral CA present with respiratory distress shortly after birth and require patency of the oral airway and surgical correction of the defect, whereas patients with unilateral CA/CS can present later in infancy or even into adulthood and can often be managed medically. It is important to differentiate the symptoms of CA/CS from other causes of congenital nasal obstruction so that the appropriate medical and/or surgical management can be determined. A variety of embryologic explanations exist for the cause of CA/CS, with failed rupture of the oronasal membrane being the predominant theory. It is important to evaluate affected neonates for other anomalies based on risk factors and phenotypical features, as almost 75% of patients with CA/CS have associated craniofacial abnormalities or syndromes. Definitive diagnosis of CA/CS includes nasal endoscopy and computed tomography. Although a variety of surgical repair techniques exist for CA/CS, the transpalatal and endoscopic transnasal approaches are the mainstay, with the former reserved for nasal passages unable to accommodate an endoscope and surgical instruments simultaneously. Postoperative care includes saline rinses, frequent suctioning, and intranasal corticosteroids. Patients should be followed by an otolaryngologist for a minimum of 1 year after repair to monitor for restenosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"26 6","pages":"e380-e390"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Point-of-Care Ultrasonography-Guided Placement of a Peripheral Arterial Line in a Newborn. 即位超声引导下新生儿外周动脉导管的放置。
NeoReviews Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1542/neo.26-6-029
Jesse Janes, Juan Gallegos, Alan M Groves
{"title":"Point-of-Care Ultrasonography-Guided Placement of a Peripheral Arterial Line in a Newborn.","authors":"Jesse Janes, Juan Gallegos, Alan M Groves","doi":"10.1542/neo.26-6-029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.26-6-029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"26 6","pages":"e432-e434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ex-Utero Intrapartum Treatment: Indications, Considerations, and Postnatal Expectations. 宫内治疗：指征、注意事项和产后期望。
NeoReviews Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1542/neo.26-6-024
Sheri VanOmen, Paris Ekeke
{"title":"Ex-Utero Intrapartum Treatment: Indications, Considerations, and Postnatal Expectations.","authors":"Sheri VanOmen, Paris Ekeke","doi":"10.1542/neo.26-6-024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.26-6-024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ex-utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) is a complex procedure that allows for surgical placement of a secure airway during delivery for neonates with concern for significant obstructive airway or intrathoracic pathology. The goal of this procedure is to facilitate extrauterine transition to minimize prolonged hypoxia or cardiorespiratory collapse. The EXIT procedure can be categorized to include EXIT to airway, EXIT to resection, EXIT to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and EXIT to separation. Extensive multidisciplinary care coordination is needed to minimize morbidity and mortality in the pregnant person and neonate associated with the procedure. In this article, we summarize the indications for the EXIT procedure, describe the specific components of the procedure, and review the outcomes, risks, and complications in affected neonates.</p>","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"26 6","pages":"e402-e410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Term Neonate With Severe Fetal Brain Ventriculomegaly. 重度胎儿脑室肿大的足月新生儿1例。
NeoReviews Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1542/neo.26-6-026
Medha Goyal, Dwayne Mascarenhas, Ruchi Nanavati
{"title":"A Term Neonate With Severe Fetal Brain Ventriculomegaly.","authors":"Medha Goyal, Dwayne Mascarenhas, Ruchi Nanavati","doi":"10.1542/neo.26-6-026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.26-6-026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"26 6","pages":"e419-e423"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Neonate With Bleeding Through the Mouth and Nose. 新生儿口鼻出血。
NeoReviews Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1542/neo.26-6-027
Ammara Kaleem, Saman Haroon, Muhammad Usman Khalid, Farah Haroon, Sonia Zofishan, Bushra Fatima
{"title":"A Neonate With Bleeding Through the Mouth and Nose.","authors":"Ammara Kaleem, Saman Haroon, Muhammad Usman Khalid, Farah Haroon, Sonia Zofishan, Bushra Fatima","doi":"10.1542/neo.26-6-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.26-6-027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"26 6","pages":"e424-e426"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Machine Learning for Clinical Decision Support in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. 机器学习在新生儿重症监护病房的临床决策支持。
NeoReviews Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1542/neo.26-6-021
Irina Prelipcean, Divya Chhabra, Colby L Day, Igor Khodak, Andrew M Dylag
{"title":"Machine Learning for Clinical Decision Support in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.","authors":"Irina Prelipcean, Divya Chhabra, Colby L Day, Igor Khodak, Andrew M Dylag","doi":"10.1542/neo.26-6-021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.26-6-021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is a data-rich environment that is an ideal setting for the implementation of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) in clinical decision support (CDS). Despite their potential, ML and AI applications are rarely used in clinical practice because of infrastructure and technical limitations. In this article, we review the technical requirements for data acquisition solutions, storage, and processing needed to handle the varied sources of data generated by hospitalized newborns. In addition, we describe the challenges for integrating structured and unstructured data from electronic health records, bedside monitors, imaging, and other sources and we consider the ethical and legal implications of using ML and AI for CDS. Finally, we emphasize that the study and application of ML and AI models in CDS requires rigorous research and quality improvement methodology. The NICUs that realize the potential of ML and AI in quality improvement and clinical research applications will be uniquely positioned to apply their findings to improve neonatal outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"26 6","pages":"e372-e379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Hidden Twist: Unilateral Blue Scrotum in a Very Preterm Infant in the Delivery Room. 一个隐藏的扭曲：单侧蓝色阴囊的极早产儿在产房。
NeoReviews Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1542/neo.26-6-028
Elif Ozdogan, Gia Yannekis, Robin Perlmutter Goldenson, Stephanie Tung, Tanzeema Hossain
{"title":"A Hidden Twist: Unilateral Blue Scrotum in a Very Preterm Infant in the Delivery Room.","authors":"Elif Ozdogan, Gia Yannekis, Robin Perlmutter Goldenson, Stephanie Tung, Tanzeema Hossain","doi":"10.1542/neo.26-6-028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.26-6-028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"26 6","pages":"e427-e431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ophthalmic Outcomes in Preterm Infants. 早产儿的眼科预后。
NeoReviews Pub Date : 2025-06-01 DOI: 10.1542/neo.26-6-025
Erica M Luse
{"title":"Ophthalmic Outcomes in Preterm Infants.","authors":"Erica M Luse","doi":"10.1542/neo.26-6-025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1542/neo.26-6-025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prematurity can affect visual outcomes and lead to chronic ocular conditions such as strabismus, refractive error, and amblyopia. Infants born prematurely can also have significant visual impairment resulting from retinopathy of prematurity or cortical visual impairment. This review summarizes ophthalmic outcomes to consider in the preterm infant.</p>","PeriodicalId":19465,"journal":{"name":"NeoReviews","volume":"26 6","pages":"e411-e418"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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