Occupational and Environmental Medicine最新文献_第5页

Women working as cleaners in Spain: working conditions and use of psychotropic drugs. 西班牙从事清洁工作的妇女：工作条件和精神药物的使用。

IF 3.9 2区医学

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2024-109456

Mireia Utzet, Clara Llorens-Serrano, Amaya Ayala-Garcia, Laura Esteve-Matalí, Albert Navarro-Giné, Amaia Bacigalupe

{"title":"Women working as cleaners in Spain: working conditions and use of psychotropic drugs.","authors":"Mireia Utzet, Clara Llorens-Serrano, Amaya Ayala-Garcia, Laura Esteve-Matalí, Albert Navarro-Giné, Amaia Bacigalupe","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109456","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109456","url":null,"abstract":"Goals: To describe the exposure to psychosocial risks at work and the consumption of psychotropic drugs and opioids among women working as cleaners; and to analyse the association between their exposure to psychosocial risks and drug use.Methods: Observational cross-sectional study based on an online survey (collected during April and May 2021) from the wage-earning population in Spain. In this study, only women working in manual occupations were included (n=3430). Working conditions and drug consumption of cleaning workers were compared with those of other manual workers through bivariate analysis. The adjusted prevalence ratios and the corresponding 95% CIs were estimated using Poisson regression models with robust variance.Results: Cleaning workers were older and had more problems making ends meet than other manual workers and were significantly more exposed to low possibilities for development (85.2 (95% CI 81.8 to 88.0)), high strain (51.9 (95% CI 47.3 to 55.9)) and low social support from colleagues (72.0 (95% CI 68.1 to 75.7)) and supervisors (61.7 (95% CI 57.3 to 65.6)). They also scored higher prevalence rates for the use of tranquillisers (37.7 (95% CI 32.0 to 43.3)) and opioids (33.3 (95% CI 27.9 to 38.6)) consumption indicators. This consumption was associated significantly with high strain exposure and high insecurity over working conditions.Discussion: Under the umbrella of the 2012 labour reform, cleaning companies shift the pressure and burden they have on ordinary cleaning staff in the form of low wages and precarious working conditions. Our results imply that addressing adverse working conditions, mainly high strain and insecurity over working conditions, may significantly contribute to reducing the gender and social inequalities among cleaning workers.","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"433-438"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associations between work-related factors and sickness presenteeism: a prospective study using the national French working conditions survey 工作相关因素与病假之间的关系：利用法国全国工作条件调查进行的前瞻性研究

IF 4.9 2区医学

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2023-109202

Isabelle Niedhammer, Elodie Pineau, Sandrine Bertrais

{"title":"Associations between work-related factors and sickness presenteeism: a prospective study using the national French working conditions survey","authors":"Isabelle Niedhammer, Elodie Pineau, Sandrine Bertrais","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2023-109202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2023-109202","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives The objectives were to assess the prospective associations between work-related factors, including psychosocial and physical work factors and working time/hours factors, and sickness presenteeism alone or combined with sickness absence. Methods The study relied on prospective data of a national representative sample of 16 129 employees followed up from 2013 to 2016 in France. Work-related factors were assessed in 2013 and included 20 psychosocial work factors, 4 working time/hours factors and 4 physical work factors. Sickness presenteeism was studied using two items in 2016: the presence and duration of sickness presenteeism within the last 12 months. Weighted Hurdle and multinomial logistic regression models were performed to study the prospective associations between work-related factors at baseline and sickness presenteeism (both presence and duration) and sickness absence at follow-up. Models were adjusted for covariates. Results Almost all psychosocial and physical work factors were predictive of sickness presenteeism (ORs ranging from 1.30 to 2.07 for men, and from 1.16 to 2.30 for women) but only some of them predicted its duration. Dose–response associations were observed between multiple exposures to these factors and sickness presenteeism. These factors predicted more sickness presenteeism alone or combined with sickness absence than sickness absence alone. Gender differences were observed in these associations, as some associations were found to be stronger among women than among men. Conclusions There is a need to study sickness presenteeism and sickness absence combined. Prevention oriented towards the psychosocial and physical work environment may contribute to reduce sickness presenteeism and sickness absence. Data are available upon reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142203860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is precarious employment an occupational hazard? Evidence from Ontario, Canada. 不稳定就业是一种职业危害吗？加拿大安大略省的证据。

IF 3.9 2区医学

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2024-109535

Faraz Vahid Shahidi, Qing Liao, Victoria Landsman, Cameron Mustard, Lynda S Robson, Aviroop Biswas, Peter M Smith

{"title":"Is precarious employment an occupational hazard? Evidence from Ontario, Canada.","authors":"Faraz Vahid Shahidi, Qing Liao, Victoria Landsman, Cameron Mustard, Lynda S Robson, Aviroop Biswas, Peter M Smith","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109535","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109535","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To examine the association between precarious employment and risk of occupational injury or illness in Ontario, Canada.Methods: We combined accepted lost-time compensation claims from the Workplace Safety and Insurance Board with labour force statistics to estimate injury and illness rates between January 2016 and December 2019. Precarious employment was imputed using a job exposure matrix and operationalised in terms of temporary employment, low wages, irregular hours, involuntary part-time employment and a multidimensional measure of 'low', 'medium', 'high' and 'very high' probabilities of exposure to precarious employment. Negative binomial regression models examined exposure to precarious employment in relation to risk of occupational injury or illness.Results: After adjusting for age, sex and year, all indicators of precarious employment were associated with increased risk of injury or illness. Workers with 'high' and 'very' high' exposure to precarious employment presented a nearly threefold risk of injury or illness (rate ratio (RR): 2.81, 95% CI 2.73 to 2.89; RR: 2.82, 95% CI 2.74 to 2.90). Further adjustment for physical demands and workplace hazards attenuated associations, though a statistically and substantively significant exposure-outcome relationship persisted for workers with 'high' and 'very high' exposures to precarious employment (RR: 1.65, 95% CI 1.58 to 1.72; RR: 2.00, 95% CI 1.92 to 2.08).Conclusions: Workers exposed to precarious employment are more likely to sustain a lost-time injury or illness in Ontario, Canada. Workplace health and safety strategies should consider the role of precarious employment as an occupational hazard and a marker of work injury risk.","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"381-387"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141879217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mild traumatic brain injury caused by workplace violence in a US workers' compensation system. 美国工人赔偿制度中因工作场所暴力造成的轻度脑外伤。

IF 3.9 2区医学

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2024-109437

Kerri Wizner, W Shane Journeay, Daniel Jolivet, Justine Ahle

{"title":"Mild traumatic brain injury caused by workplace violence in a US workers' compensation system.","authors":"Kerri Wizner, W Shane Journeay, Daniel Jolivet, Justine Ahle","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109437","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109437","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Approximately 81% of traumatic brain injury cases are considered to be mild (mTBI), but few studies have reviewed mTBI caused by workplace violence (WPV). This study aimed to (1) determine the incidence of mTBI secondary to WPV in a statewide workers' compensation system using International Classification of Disease codes and (2) analyse and compare factors associated with return-to-work outcomes between WPV mTBI cases versus other mechanisms.Methods: Using a retrospective cohort of claims data from the California Workers' Compensation Information System during 2015-2019, cases with a return-to-work date were classified as WPV if the injury description contained keywords such as assault, gunpoint, harassed, intimidated, punch, threat, robbery, violent or verbal abuse.Results: Of the 14 089 mTBI claims analysed in this study, 11.2% were caused by WPV. When comparing WPV to non-WPV claims, the variables with statistically significant (p≤0.001) differences were age, income, industry and job class. There were no significant differences between groups for leave duration. In a linear mixed model, the variable of interest (WPV) was not associated with recovery duration after adjusting for other factors.Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine WPV mTBI claims in the USA. The findings suggest that the public administration, education and healthcare and social services industries are at higher risk for WPV mTBI. WPV and job class were the only modifiable factors in the model and therefore should be the focus of additional research.","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"395-399"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11420726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Autoimmune diseases, autoantibody status and silicosis in a cohort of 1238 workers from the artificial stone benchtop industry. 人造石台面行业 1238 名工人的自身免疫性疾病、自身抗体状态和矽肺病。

IF 3.9 2区医学

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2024-109526

Dunya Tomic, Ryan F Hoy, Jesselyn Sin, Javier Jimenez Martin, Stella May Gwini, Hayley Barnes, Mandana Nikpour, Kathleen Morrisroe, Yuan Z Lim, Karen Walker-Bone

{"title":"Autoimmune diseases, autoantibody status and silicosis in a cohort of 1238 workers from the artificial stone benchtop industry.","authors":"Dunya Tomic, Ryan F Hoy, Jesselyn Sin, Javier Jimenez Martin, Stella May Gwini, Hayley Barnes, Mandana Nikpour, Kathleen Morrisroe, Yuan Z Lim, Karen Walker-Bone","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109526","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109526","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Autoimmune disorders are multifactorial but occupational exposures have long been implicated, including respirable crystalline silica (RCS). A modern epidemic of silicosis is emerging internationally, associated with dry processing of engineered stone with high (>90%) RCS content. We aimed to investigate the prevalence of clinical autoimmune disease and common autoantibodies in exposed workers.Methods: Stone benchtop industry workers in Victoria, Australia were offered free screening for silicosis and related disorders. Symptoms or diagnoses of autoimmune disease were evaluated by questionnaire and blood tests taken for rheumatoid factor (RF), antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) and extractable nuclear antigens (ENAs).Results: Among 1238 workers (93.3% male) screened from 2019 to 2021, 0.9% were confirmed with autoimmune disease. Among those without clinical disease, 24.6% had detectable ANAs (93.5% male), 4.6% detectable ENAs and 2.6% were positive for RF. Silicosis was diagnosed in 253 workers (24.3% of those with diagnostic information available). Of those with ANA readings, 54 (6.6%) had ANA titre >1:320. The likelihood of positive autoantibodies increased with age; smoking; higher exposure to RCS and silicosis diagnosis.Conclusion: The proportion of workers with detectable ANAs or ENAs was considerably higher than the 5%-9% expected in the general population. Some of the antibodies detected (eg, Scl-70, CENPB) have high sensitivity and specificity for systemic sclerosis. Long-term follow-up will be needed to estimate incidence. Rheumatologists should explore occupational history in new cases of autoimmune disease. Screening for autoimmune disease is indicated in workers exposed to RCS as these individuals need specialised management and may be entitled to compensation.","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"388-394"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carpal tunnel syndrome and occupational hand exposures: a Danish nationwide cohort study. 腕管综合征与手部职业暴露：一项丹麦全国性队列研究。

IF 3.9 2区医学

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2024-109568

Sorosh Tabatabaeifar, Annett Dalbøge

{"title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome and occupational hand exposures: a Danish nationwide cohort study.","authors":"Sorosh Tabatabaeifar, Annett Dalbøge","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109568","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109568","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim was to examine exposure-response relations between occupational hand exposures and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and to compare the relation between surgery-treated and non-surgery-treated CTS. The secondary aim was to study sex-specific differences in exposure-response relations.Methods: We conducted a nationwide register-based cohort study of all persons born in Denmark (1945-1994). During follow-up (2010-2013), we identified first-time events of CTS. Occupational hand exposure estimates the year before each follow-up year were obtained by linking individual occupational codes with a job exposure matrix. We used multivariable logistic regression equivalent to discrete survival analysis based on sex and surgery. The excess fraction of cases was calculated.Results: For both sexes, exposure-response relations were found for all occupational hand exposures. Among men, we found ORadj of 3.6 (95% CI 3.2 to 3.8) for hand-related force, 2.9 (95% CI 2.5 to 3.2) for repetitive hand movements, 3.8 (95% CI 2.7 to 5.2) for non-neutral hand posture and 2.5 (95% CI 2.2 to 2.7) for hand-arm vibration in the highest exposure groups. For combined exposure (hand load), ORadj was 3.5 (95% CI 3.1 to 4.0). Slightly higher ORsadj were generally found for surgery-treated CTS compared with non-surgery-treated CTS for both sexes. When comparing sex, somewhat higher ORsadj were found among men. The excess fraction was 42%.Conclusions: Occupational hand exposures carried a 3-5-fold increased risk of CTS with slightly higher risks for surgery-treated compared with non-surgery-treated CTS. Even though CTS occurs more frequently among women, somewhat higher exposure-response relations were found for men compared with women. In the general working population, a substantial fraction of first-time CTS could be related to occupational hand exposures.","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"417-424"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142004835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Incidence, trends and factors associated with psychological injury among health and social care workers in New South Wales, Australia: a retrospective cohort study of workers' compensation claims. 澳大利亚新南威尔士州医疗和社会护理人员心理伤害的发生率、趋势和相关因素：工伤赔偿索赔的回顾性队列研究。

IF 3.9 2区医学

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2024-109410

Asmare Yitayeh Gelaw, Luke Sheehan, Shannon Elise Gray, Alex Collie

{"title":"Incidence, trends and factors associated with psychological injury among health and social care workers in New South Wales, Australia: a retrospective cohort study of workers' compensation claims.","authors":"Asmare Yitayeh Gelaw, Luke Sheehan, Shannon Elise Gray, Alex Collie","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109410","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109410","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To describe and compare the incidence and trends of workers' compensation (WC) claims for psychological injury: (1) between health and social care (HSC) industry and other industries; (2) among specific occupations in the HSC industry; and (3) to determine if psychological injury claim rates differ by age and gender in the HSC industry and among specific occupations.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the New South Wales WC system. Workers with accepted psychological injury claims between July 2012 and June 2021 were included. Negative binomial regression models were employed to estimate incidence rate ratios and 95% CIs.Results: The HSC industry had a higher incidence (2.4 per 1000 workers) than all other industries combined (1.1 per 1000 workers). In the HSC industry, the incidence increased from 1.8 in 2013-2015 to 3.4 in 2019-2021. Ambulance officers had the highest incidence (24.9 per 1000 workers) and the highest growth rate. Nurses and midwives, and aged and disability care workers also had fast-growing incidence over the 9 years. Risk of psychological injury claims was highest among female workers and older adults.Conclusions: The increasing incidence and trend of psychological injury claims among HSC workers in New South Wales signify a growing public health issue. Greater efforts are needed to prevent work-related psychological injury in the HSC industry and support affected workers. The different patterns of psychological injury claims across occupations suggest that interventions should be tailored to each occupational group.","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"407-416"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141996232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Occupational asthma in the salmon processing industry: a case series. 三文鱼加工业的职业性哮喘：病例系列。

IF 3.9 2区医学

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2024-109564

Carl Fredrik Fagernæs, Hilde Brun Lauritzen, Anders Tøndell, Erlend Hassel, Berit Elisabeth Bang, Gro Tjalvin, Anna Beate Overn Nordhammer, Liv Bjerke Rodal, Siri Slåstad, Sindre Svedahl

{"title":"Occupational asthma in the salmon processing industry: a case series.","authors":"Carl Fredrik Fagernæs, Hilde Brun Lauritzen, Anders Tøndell, Erlend Hassel, Berit Elisabeth Bang, Gro Tjalvin, Anna Beate Overn Nordhammer, Liv Bjerke Rodal, Siri Slåstad, Sindre Svedahl","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109564","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109564","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Exposure to bioaerosols in salmon processing workers is associated with occupational asthma. IgE-mediated allergy and other disease mechanisms may be involved in airway inflammation and obstruction. Knowledge about disease burden, mechanisms, phenotypes and occupational exposure is limited.Methods: Salmon processing workers referred to our occupational medicine clinic from 2019 to 2024 were included in a patient register. They were investigated in line with current guidelines for the management of occupational asthma, categorised according to diagnostic certainty and characterised with a focus on symptoms, work tasks and clinical findings.Results: A total of 36 patients were included, among whom 27 had typical symptoms of work-related asthma, and 21 were diagnosed with occupational asthma. Among those with occupational asthma, all worked in the filleting or slaughtering area at the time of symptom onset. Median latency from the start of exposure to symptom onset was 4 years. 14 (67%) of the patients with occupational asthma were sensitised to salmon. Three patients were sensitised to salmon skin but not salmon meat.Conclusions: Occupational asthma among salmon processing workers displays a heterogeneous clinical picture. IgE-mediated inhalation allergy towards various parts of the salmon seems to represent an important pathophysiological mechanism. However, some have occupational asthma with negative allergy tests. A comprehensive workup strategy including early initiation of serial peak expiratory flow and skin prick tests with various parts of the salmon should be considered. Although the incidence remains unknown, the substantial number of cases presented warrant increased efforts to reduce harmful exposure in the salmon processing industry.","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"400-406"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141976273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gender and sex differences in occupation-specific infectious diseases: a systematic review. 职业特异性传染病的性别和性别差异：系统综述。

IF 3.9 2区医学

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-29 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2024-109451

Aviroop Biswas, Maggie Tiong, Emma Irvin, Glenda Zhai, Maia Sinkins, Heather Johnston, Annalee Yassi, Peter M Smith, Mieke Koehoorn

{"title":"Gender and sex differences in occupation-specific infectious diseases: a systematic review.","authors":"Aviroop Biswas, Maggie Tiong, Emma Irvin, Glenda Zhai, Maia Sinkins, Heather Johnston, Annalee Yassi, Peter M Smith, Mieke Koehoorn","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109451","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2024-109451","url":null,"abstract":"Occupational infectious disease risks between men and women have often been attributed to the gendered distribution of the labour force, with limited comparative research on occupation-specific infectious disease risks. The objective of this study was to compare infectious disease risks within the same occupations by gender. A systematic review of peer-reviewed studies published between 2016 and 2021 was undertaken. To be included, studies were required to report infectious disease risks for men, women or non-binary people within the same occupation. The included studies were appraised for methodological quality. A post hoc power calculation was also conducted. 63 studies were included in the systematic review. Among high-quality studies with statistical power (9/63), there was evidence of a higher hepatitis risk for men than for women among patient-facing healthcare workers (HCWs) and a higher parasitic infection risk for men than for women among farmers (one study each). The rest of the high-quality studies (7/63) reported no difference between men and women, including for COVID-19 risk among patient-facing HCWs and physicians, hepatitis risk among swine workers, influenza risk among poultry workers, tuberculosis risk among livestock workers and toxoplasmosis risk among abattoir workers. The findings suggest that occupational infectious disease risks are similarly experienced for men and women within the same occupation with a few exceptions showing a higher risk for men. Future studies examining gender/sex differences in occupational infectious diseases need to ensure adequate sampling by gender.","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"425-432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11420758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ovarian cancer deaths attributable to asbestos exposure in Lombardy (Italy) in 2000-2018. 2000-2018 年伦巴第大区（意大利）因接触石棉而导致的卵巢癌死亡人数。

IF 3.9 2区医学

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2023-109342

Giorgia Stoppa, Carolina Mensi, Lucia Fazzo, Giada Minelli, Valerio Manno, Alessandro Marinaccio, Dario Consonni, Annibale Biggeri, Dolores Catelan

{"title":"Ovarian cancer deaths attributable to asbestos exposure in Lombardy (Italy) in 2000-2018.","authors":"Giorgia Stoppa, Carolina Mensi, Lucia Fazzo, Giada Minelli, Valerio Manno, Alessandro Marinaccio, Dario Consonni, Annibale Biggeri, Dolores Catelan","doi":"10.1136/oemed-2023-109342","DOIUrl":"10.1136/oemed-2023-109342","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: We aimed to estimate the fraction of deaths from ovarian cancer attributable to asbestos exposure in Lombardy Region, Italy, using a novel approach that exploits the fact that ovarian cancer asbestos exposure is associated with pleural cancer and other risk factors for breast cancer.Methods: This ecological study is based on the Italian National Institute of Statistics mortality data. We formulate a trivariate Bayesian joint disease model to estimate the attributable fraction (AF) and the number of ovarian cancer deaths attributable to asbestos exposure from the geographic distribution of ovarian, pleural and breast cancer mortality at the municipality level from 2000 to 2018. Expected deaths and standardised mortality ratios were calculated using regional rates.Results: We found shared dependencies between ovarian and pleural cancer, which capture risk factors common to the two diseases (asbestos exposure), and a spatially structured clustering component shared between ovarian and breast cancer, capturing other risk factors. Based on 10 462 ovarian cancer deaths, we estimated that 574 (95% credibility interval 388-819) were attributable to asbestos (AF 5.5%; 95% credibility interval 3.7-7.8). AF reaches 34%-47% in some municipalities with known heavy asbestos pollution.Conclusions: The impact of asbestos on ovarian cancer occurrence can be relevant, particularly in areas with high asbestos exposure. Estimating attributable cases was possible only by using advanced Bayesian modelling to consider other risk factors for ovarian cancer. These findings are instrumental in tailoring public health surveillance programmes and implementing compensation and prevention policies.","PeriodicalId":19459,"journal":{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"359-365"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11347218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0