Neuroradiology最新文献

{"title":"Synthetic MR: Clinical applications in neuroradiology.","authors":"Smily Sharma, Abhishek Nayak, Bejoy Thomas, Chandrasekharan Kesavadas","doi":"10.1007/s00234-025-03547-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-025-03547-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Synthetic MR is a quantitative MRI method that measures tissue relaxation times and generates multiple contrast-weighted images using suitable algorithms. The present article principally discusses the multiple dynamic multiple echo (MDME) technique of synthetic MR and briefly describes other quantitative MR sequences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using illustrative cases, various applications of the MDME sequence in neuroradiology are explained. The MDME sequence allows rapid quantification of tissue relaxation times in a scan duration of 5-7 minutes for full brain coverage. It also has the additional advantages of myelin quantification and automatic segmentation of brain volumes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Applications including reducing scan time, improved detection of demyelinating plaques in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), objective assessment and follow-up for brain atrophy in neurodegenerative MS and dementia cases, and applications in stroke imaging and neuro-oncology are discussed. Uses in the pediatric population, including assessment of brain development and progression of myelination in children, evaluation of white matter disorders, and evaluation of pediatric and adult epilepsy, are elaborated. Quantitative evaluation by synthetic MR is discussed, which allows homogenization and objectification of the radiology data and can serve as a valuable source for artificial intelligence and future multicentre studies. A brief discussion on the technique, other quantitative MR methods, and limitations of the MDME sequence is also presented.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The article intends to provide an explicit and comprehensive review of the applications of synthetic MR in neuroradiology, exploring its potential as a routine sequence in daily neuroimaging practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":19422,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143067014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep orbital puncture of the superior ophthalmic vein for embolization of indirect carotid-cavernous fistula: a case report, technical note and review of the current literature.","authors":"Luís Gustavo Biondi Soares, Filipi Fim Andreão, Felipe Salvagni Pereira, Dmitriy Sergeyevich Korotkov, Luis F Fabrini Paleare, Leonardo Rocha-Carneiro García-Zapata, Leandro Assis Barbosa","doi":"10.1007/s00234-025-03545-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-025-03545-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCFs) are abnormal connections between the carotid artery and cavernous sinus, often causing ocular symptoms like chemosis, proptosis, and diplopia. Endovascular embolization is the preferred treatment, typically performed via the transfemoral transvenous route through the inferior petrosal sinus (IPS). However, we present a case and a systematic review of indirect CCF treated through deep orbital puncture of the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) for embolization.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We systematically revised the current literature on PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase, based on PRISMA guideline, concerning the deep orbital puncture of the SOV for embolization of indirect CCFs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our systematic review identified only eight eligible studies encompassing 17 patients, ranging in age from 34 to 82 years, underscoring the rarity of this specific approach. The most frequently used trajectory directed the needle along the floor of the orbit towards the superior orbital fissure or orbital apex, and a variety of embolization materials were used in the studies. While the technique has been mentioned in the literature, our analysis indicates that it remains infrequently reported, with many cases lacking consistent procedural details. Furthermore, we present a case of a 63-year-old woman with imaging suggesting a CCF and compatible symptoms. A transorbital puncture of the SOV was performed. Embolization was successfully achieved with ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer. The follow-up confirmed the resolution of the CCF without new neurological deficits and no new symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case highlights transorbital SOV puncture as a feasible and minimally invasive alternative for treating CCFs when conventional access is unsuccessful.</p>","PeriodicalId":19422,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perivascular and parenchymal brain fluid diffusivity in patients with a recent small subcortical infarct.","authors":"Salvatore Rudilosso, Emma Muñoz-Moreno, Carlos Laredo, Angels Calvet, Alejandro Rodríguez-Vázquez, Andres Girona, Maria Dels Angels Calderon, Federico Zarco, Francisco Gil-López, Adrià Arboix, Maria Valdes Hernandez, Roberto Duarte Coello, Xabier Urra, Joanna M Wardlaw, Ángel Chamorro","doi":"10.1007/s00234-025-03546-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-025-03546-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Fluid exchanges between perivascular spaces (PVS) and interstitium may contribute to the pathophysiology of small vessel disease (SVD). We aimed to analyze water diffusivity measures and their relationship with PVS and other SVD imaging markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We enrolled 50 consecutive patients with a recent small subcortical infarct. We collected clinical variables, including vascular risk factors and sleep quality scales. All patients underwent a 3-Tesla MRI with standard structural sequences and multishell-diffusion images to obtain extracellular free water content (FW) and water diffusivity along the perivascular space (ALPS) index. We obtained volumetric measurements of white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and PVS, and the number of lacunes and microbleeds. To analyze the association between PVS, ALPS index, FW, and SVD imaging features, we utilized linear regression models including age, sex, history of hypertension and diabetes, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, WMH, and brain volume.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients (mean age 70 years, 36% women) had usable data. FW and PVS were strongly associated in all models (0.008 < Beta < 0.054; P < 0.045). Higher FW was related to the other SVD features in univariable models and remained significant for WMH (1.175 < Beta < 1.262; P < 0.001) and brain volume (Beta < 0.0001; P < 0.002) in multivariable models. ALPS index was not associated with FW, PVS, or any other SVD markers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The increased extracellular water in SVD suggests that impaired brain fluid exchanges, PVS dilation, and other SVD features are linked. Further investigation is needed to determine the specificity of the ALPS index to PVS diffusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":19422,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting B-cell lymphoma-6 overexpression status in primary central nervous system lymphoma using multiparametric MRI-based machine learning.","authors":"Mingxiao Wang, Guoli Liu, Nan Zhang, Yanhua Li, Shuo Sun, Yahong Tan, Lin Ma","doi":"10.1007/s00234-025-03551-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-025-03551-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL), B-cell lymphoma-6 (BCL-6) is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker. We aim to non-invasively detect BCL-6 overexpression in PCNSL patients using multiparametric MRI and machine learning techniques.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>65 patients (101 lesions) with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) diagnosed from January 2013 to July 2023, and all patients were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set according to a ratio of 8 to 2. ADC map derived from DWI (b = 0/1000 s/mm2), fast spin echo T2WI, T2FLAIR, were collected at 3.0 T. A total of 2234 radiomics features from the tumor segmentation area were extracted and LASSO were used to select features. Logistic regression (LR), Naive bayes (NB), Support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest Neighbor, (KNN) and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), were used for machine learning, and sensitivity, specificity, accuracy F1-score, and area under the curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the detection performance of five classifiers, 6 groups with combinations of different sequences were fitted to 5 classifiers, and optimal classifier was obtained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BCL-6 status could be identified to varying degrees with 30 models based on radiomics, and model performance could be improved by combining different sequences and classifiers. Support vector machine (SVM) combined with three sequence group had the largest AUC (0.95) in training set and satisfactory AUC (0.87) in validation set.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multiparametric MRI based machine learning is promising in detecting BCL-6 overexpression.</p>","PeriodicalId":19422,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spinal cord cross sign: a potential marker for hereditary spastic paraplegia type 5.","authors":"Fan Zhang, Jianping Hu, Zebin Xiao, Chenlin Lin, Zhuoting Huang, Ning Wang, Ying Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00234-025-03543-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-025-03543-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Spastic paraplegia type 5 (SPG5) is a rare neurodegenerative disease diagnosed primarily through genetic testing.We identified a specific spinal cord sign on conventional MR imaging to help narrow the scope of genetic screening.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 25 patients with SPG5 and 21 healthy controls (HCs), the spinal cord cross sign was evaluated on T2*-weighted imaging. The morphological and signal characteristics of the dorsal column (DC), ventral funiculi (VF), dorsal horn (DH), ventral horn (VH), and intermediate zone (IMZ) were assessed. Differences in fractional anisotropy (FA) values within specific regions between HC and SPG5 were tested using Student's t-test. Spearman correlation was used to evaluate associations between cross-sign scores, FA values, and clinical indicators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cross sign was detected in the cervical spinal cord of all SPG5 patients. The occurrence of T2 hyperintensity in the DC, VF and IMZ was 100%,100% and 88%,respectively. Bilateral VH morphology was normal in 14.4% of cases, blurred in 49.6%, and absent in 36%.Bilateral DH morphology was normal in 13.6%, blurred in 56%, and absent in 30.4%. FA values were reduced in these spinal cord regions. Cross-sign scores were negatively correlated with FA values in both grey (r = -0.70~-0.37) and white matter (r = -0.78~-0.70). Cross-sign scores were positively correlated with Spastic Paraplegia Rating Scale (r = 0.57) and disease duration (r = 0.42).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The spinal cord cross sign was a potential imaging marker for SPG5. Cross-sign scores were associated with disease duration and severity in SPG5 patients.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>A Registered Cohort Study on Spastic Paraplegia,NCT04006418 Registered 1 July 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04006418 .</p>","PeriodicalId":19422,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143033753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Artificial intelligence-assisted volume isotropic simultaneous interleaved bright- and black-blood examination for brain metastases.","authors":"Kazufumi Kikuchi, Osamu Togao, Yoshitomo Kikuchi, Koji Yamashita, Daichi Momosaka, Kazunori Fukasawa, Shunsuke Nishimura, Hiroyuki Toyoda, Makoto Obara, Akio Hiwatashi, Kousei Ishigami","doi":"10.1007/s00234-024-03522-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-024-03522-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19422,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The cortical high-flow sign in oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted is correlated with histological cortical vascular density.","authors":"Koji Yamashita, Ryo Murayama, Masahiro Itoyama, Kazufumi Kikuchi, Masaoki Kusunoki, Daisuke Kuga, Ryusuke Hatae, Yutaka Fujioka, Ryosuke Otsuji, Nobuhiro Fujita, Koji Yoshimoto, Kousei Ishigami, Osamu Togao","doi":"10.1007/s00234-024-03538-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-024-03538-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>The cortical high-flow sign has been more commonly reported in oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted (ODG IDHm-codel) compared to diffuse glioma with IDH-wildtype or astrocytoma, IDH-mutant. Besides tumor types, higher grades of glioma might also contribute to the cortical high flow. Therefore, we investigated whether the histological cortical vascular density or CNS WHO grade was associated with the cortical high-flow sign in patients with ODG IDHm-codel.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study consisted of pathologically confirmed 25 adult patients with ODG IDHm-codel. We implemented pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling technique with background suppression. Subtraction images were generated from paired control and label images. Tumor-affecting cortices without intense contrast enhancement on conventional MR imaging were targeted for the determination of the cortical high-flow sign. Immunohistochemical staining of CD31 antibody was performed for the identification of vascular endothelial cells. A microscopic field of the most intense vascularization was captured in each specimen. The vessel number and the relative vascular density (%Vessel) were compared between the positive cortical high-flow sign (CHFS⁺) and the negative cortical high-flow sign (CHFS^-) groups using the Mann-Whitney U test. Second, Fisher's exact test was used to compare the difference between the presence or absence of cortical high-flow sign and CNS WHO grades. Finally, the vessel number and %Vessel were compared between the CNS WHO grade 2 and grade 3 using the Mann-Whitney U test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The vessel number and %Vessel were higher in patients with the CHFS⁺ group than in patients with CHFS^- group (p = 0.016 and p = 0.005, respectively). We observed no significant differences (p = 1.00) in the frequency of cortical high-flow sign between the CNS WHO grade 2 and grade 3. In addition, no significant differences are found in the vessel number and %Vessel between the CNS WHO grade 2 and grade 3 (p = 0.121 and p = 0.475, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The cortical high-flow sign on ASL, which is more commonly found in ODG IDHm-codel than in diffuse glioma with IDH-wildtype or astrocytoma, is associated with the histological cortical vascular density in patients with ODG IDHm-codel.</p>","PeriodicalId":19422,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143009014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural abnormalities of the dentato-rubro-thalamo-cortical tract in tremor dominant Parkinson's disease and essential tremor plus syndrome.","authors":"Shweta Prasad, Archith Rajan, Rose Dawn Bharath, Jitender Saini, Pramod Kumar Pal","doi":"10.1007/s00234-025-03542-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-025-03542-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The dentato-rubro-thalamo-cortical tract (DRTC) is considered to play a crucial role across tremor disorders including tremor dominant Parkinson's disease (TDPD) and essential tremor plus (ETP). This study aims to comprehensively evaluate microstructural integrity of the DRTC using single-compartment, i.e., DTI, and multi-compartment, i.e., neurite orientation dispersion and distribution imaging (NODDI), and free water (FW) based analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>DTI, NODDI and FW based metrics were estimated for 25 TDPD, 25 ETP (Essential tremor with rest tremor) and 22 healthy controls (HC). TBSS was carried out followed by voxelwise statistics on respective metric skeletons with TFCE correction and custom FA skeleton masks for left and right DRTC tracts. Masks generated from significant clusters, and whole tract masks were utilised in quantitative analysis. ROI based subject space analysis was also carried out for whole tract and TBSS cluster values. Quantitative analysis was carried out using MANCOVA with age and gender as covariates. Clinical features between TDPD and ETP were compared using t-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no difference in the Fahn-Tolosa-Marin tremor rating scale score. Compared to HC, TDPD showed lower neurite density index, higher axial diffusivity (AD), mean diffusivity (MD), FW corrected MD in the thalamo-cortical section of the left DRTC. No statistically significant differences were observed between ETP and HC or TDPD and ETP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>TDPD demonstrated asymmetric reduction in neurite density and increased MD, fwMD and AD in the thalamo-cortical section of DRTC. The absence of differences between ETP and TDPD may suggest the possibility of similarities in tremor pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19422,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pipeline embolization device for aneurysm recurrence after stent-assisted coiling.","authors":"Weiming Kong, Shikai Liang, Xianli Lv","doi":"10.1007/s00234-024-03541-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-024-03541-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Since the emergence of the Pipeline Embolization Device (PED), its off-label use has significantly improved the treatment effectiveness of complex intracranial aneurysms, including the treatment of recurrent aneurysms. Although PED is effective in this situation, there is still a lack of evidence-based medicine for its role in recurrent aneurysms after stent-assisted coiling. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of PED treatment for recurrent aneurysms after stent-assisted coiling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 10 patients who underwent stent-assisted coiling but subsequently received PED treatment again due to aneurysm recurrence or rebleeding. The mean time between initial treatment and subsequent treatment is 12 months. Clinical outcomes include complications and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores, as well as evidence of complete occlusion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All PEDs were successfully placed, with one case of minor perioperative complications. During the 6-month follow-up after PED implantation, 10 cases of recurrent aneurysms were completely occluded without any adverse clinical sequelae. In one case of vertebral artery aneurysm, balloon dilation was performed before placing PED due to arterial stenosis proximal to the aneurysm.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of PED to treat recurrent aneurysms after stent-assisted coiling is a safe and effective treatment method.</p>","PeriodicalId":19422,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-based assessment of morphometric abnormalities distinguishes bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder.","authors":"Kewei He, Jingbo Zhang, Yang Huang, Xue Mo, Renqiang Yu, Jing Min, Tong Zhu, Yunfeng Ma, Xiangqian He, Fajin Lv, Jianguang Zeng, Chao Li, Robert K McNamara, Du Lei, Mengqi Liu","doi":"10.1007/s00234-025-03544-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-025-03544-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) have overlapping clinical presentations which may make it difficult for clinicians to distinguish them potentially resulting in misdiagnosis. This study combined structural MRI and machine learning techniques to determine whether regional morphological differences could distinguish patients with BD and MDD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 123 participants, including BD (n = 31), MDD (n = 48), and healthy controls (HC, n = 44), underwent high-resolution 3D T1-weighted imaging. Cortical thickness, surface area, and subcortical volumes were measured using FreeSurfer software. Common and classic machine learning models were utilized to identify distinct morphometric alterations between BD and MDD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant morphological differences were observed in both common and distinct brain regions between BD, MDD, and HC. Specifically, abnormalities in the amygdala, thalamus, medial orbitofrontal cortex and fusiform were observed in both BD and MDD compared with HC. Relative to HC, unique differences in BD were identified in the lateral occipital and inferior/middle temporal regions, whereas MDD exhibited differences in nucleus accumbens and middle temporal regions. BD exhibited larger surface area in right middle temporal gyrus and greater right nucleus accumbens volume compared to MDD. The integration of two-stage models, including deep neural network (DNN) and support vector machine (SVM), achieved an accuracy rate of 91.2% in discriminating individuals with BD from MDD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings demonstrate that structural MRI combined with machine learning techniques can accurately discriminate individuals with BD from MDD, and provide a foundation supporting the potential of this approach to improve diagnostic accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19422,"journal":{"name":"Neuroradiology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143008863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}