Nigerian Journal of Animal Production最新文献

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of proximate composition of bacterial (Psuedomonas aeruginosa) treated and untreated Jatropha curcas l. kernel cake","authors":"A. O. Ganiyu, M. A. Belewu","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i5.3774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i5.3774","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to compare the proximate composition of bacterial (Psuedomonas aeruginosa) treated and untreated Jatropha curcas kernel cake (JKC). Jatropha curcas L. is one of the toxic species of Jatropha similar in shape to plants in Euphorbiaceous families in plant kingdom. It kernel after oil extraction have been shown to be a promising animal feed cake with appreciable crude protein content, therefore method of detoxifying the kernel cake should be intensify in other to improve it feeding value. Dried Jatropha curcas kernel cake was obtain from University of Ilorin Jatropha plantation unit. It was treated by soaking in petroleum ether (24 hours), air dried (three days) and then autoclave for 15 minutes at 121OC before fermented with the spores of bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) for nine days. Standard procedures (AOAC) were employed to analyse the treated and untreated Jatropha curcas kernel cake samples. The results showed that the treated sample significantly (p<0.05) had higher content of dry matter, ash and nitrogen free extract while the untreated had lower values. On the other hand the untreated sample significantly (p<0.05) had higher values of crude protein, crude fibre and ether extract while the treated sample had lower. It can be concluded that inoculation of Jatropha curcas kernel cake with bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) will improve dry matter, ash and nitrogen free extract contents. &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; L’étude a été menée pour comparer la composition immédiate des bactéries (Psuedomonas aeruginosa) traité et non traité de tourteau de noyau de Jatropha curcas (TNJ). Jatropha curcas L. est l’une des espèces toxiques de Jatropha de forme similaire aux plantes des familles Euphorbiacées du règne végétal. Il a été démontré que le noyau après extraction de l’huile est un tourteau prometteur pour l’alimentation animale avec une teneur appréciable en protéines brutes. Par conséquent, la méthode de détoxification du tourteau de noyau doit être intensifiée dans d’autres pour améliorer sa valeur alimentaire. Le gâteau de noyau de Jatropha curcas séché a été obtenu auprès de l’unité de plantation de Jatropha de l’Université d’Ilorin. Il a été traité par trempage dans de l’éther de pétrole (24 heures), séché à l’air (trois jours) puis autoclavé pendant 15 minutes à 121°C avant de fermenter avec les spores de bactéries (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) pendant neuf jours. Des procédures standard (AOAC) ont été utilisées pour analyser les échantillons de tourteaux de noyau de Jatropha curcas traités et non traités. Les résultats ont montré que l’échantillon traité de manière significative (p < 0,05) avait une teneur plus élevée en matière sèche, en cendres et en extrait sans azote tandis que l’échantillon non traité avait des valeurs plus faibles. D’autre part, l’échantillon non traité avait significativement (p < 0,05) des valeurs plus élevées de protéines brutes, de fibres brutes et d’extrait d’éther tandis que l’échanti","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"333 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meat yield and sensory evaluation of two commercial hybrid strains of broiler chicken reared in Abaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria","authors":"J. T. Ogunnupebi, R. O. Igwe, S. O. Olorunleke, P. E. Nwakpu, I. I. Osakwe","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i5.3769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i5.3769","url":null,"abstract":"Sex, strain and the interaction of sex and strain have been found out by different researchers to significantly affect the growth and carcass analysis of broiler chickens in Nigeria. The Funaab Alpha has not been tested in the study area. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of sex and strain on the meat yield of this strain and how comparable to a popular exotic strain in the area. The research was conducted at the poultry unit of the teaching and research farm of Ebonyi State University. One hundred and ninety-two (192) sexed broiler chickens comprising of 96 each of Ross 308 and Funaab Alpha strains of broiler chickens were randomly allotted to four treatment groups in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement. Each treatment was replicated 3 times with 16 birds per replicate. The birds were reared for 56 days. At the end of the rearing period, 12 birds (one per replicate) of average body weight per replicate were selected and slaughtered. Different meat yield parameters were recorded and sensory analysis carried out. Data collected were analyzed using the general linear model of Minitab 18 software. There were no significant differences in the effect of sex on the meat yield while there were significant differences in the effects of strain on the defeathered weight (1958g, 1576.67g), Breast meat % (28.22, 9.44), Thigh meat % (10.39, 5.90), Drumstick meat % (9.17, 5.18), Breast bone % (4.4, 2.88), Thigh bone % (2.59, 1.75) with the Ross 308 having the higher values. In the interaction effect of sex and strain on the meat yield, there were significant differences in the live weight (2400g, 1866.67g), defeathered weight (2166.67g, 1533g), Breast meat % (26.15, 8.38), Thigh meat % (10.87, 5.31), Drumstick meat % (9.35, 5.15), Breast meat to bone ratio (6.39, 2.86) with the Ross 308 male recording the highest values while the Funaab Alpha male recorded the lowest values. In the sensory evaluation, the Funaab Alpha had the better acceptability (7.83, 5.1) compared to Ross 308. Funaab Alpha was observed to have a higher coefficient of variation in most of the parameters measured. Ross 308 had a higher meat yield while the Funaab Alpha was more acceptable and a higher variability in meat yield which suggests the need for more selection for meat yield in the Funaab Alpha. &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Le sexe, la souche et l’interaction du sexe et de la souche ont été découverts par différents chercheurs comme affectant de manière significative la croissance et l’analyse de la carcasse des poulets à griller au Nigeria. Le Funaab Alpha n’a pas été testé dans la zone d’étude. Le but de cette recherche était de déterminer l’effet du sexe et de la souche sur le rendement en viande de&#x0D; cette souche et dans quelle mesure elle est comparable à une souche exotique populaire dans la région. La recherche a été menée dans l’unité avicole de la ferme d’enseignement et de recherche de l’Université d’État d’Ebonyi. Cent quatre-vingt-douze (192) poulet","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth performance and blood profile of Cobb strain of broiler chickens fed diets containing different additives","authors":"S. S Kyakma, T. T. Tella, J. S. Eko","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i5.3770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i5.3770","url":null,"abstract":"Feed additives are groups of non-nutritive products added to rations to improve the efficiency of animal production via an improve intake, gastrointestinal microflora, production characteristics, meat quality, eggs of poultry, vitality and health condition In this study the performance of Cobb strain of broiler chickens fed diets containing different additives was investigated . A total of 150 day old broilers of Cobb strain were purchased and brooded. two weeks of broodingafter which the birds were balanced for weight and assigned to five (5) treatments designated as T1—T5, with each treatment containing 30 birds of 10 birds in replicates of 3.The T1 consist of Basal diet with no additive, T2=Basal diet + 4g/kg of cloves, T3 =Basal diet + 4g/kg of turmeric, T4 =Basal diet + 2.0 mg of Selenium and T5 =Basal diet + 0.25mg/kg of Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT) were assigned to the five treatment groups. The feeding trial lasted for 6 weeks. Data obtained were analysed using the one – way Analysis of variance. Results revealed that the supplementation of Clove (4g/kg)in T1 and turmeric (4g/kg) inT2 of the diets of cob strain of broiler chickens lowered their feed intake (from 1456g to 1017g in the starter phase and 3844g to 3548g in the finisher phase) while improving their feed conversion ratio (2.70 - 2.10 in the starter phase and 2.80 – 2.53 in the finisher phase) while the inclusion of 2mg/kg of selenium inT4 if their diets had a negative net profit (-1729).Most of the serum indices and haematological parameters studied in the experiment fell within the normal range despite the addition of different additives. In this study we concludede that the addition of 4g/kg of cloves and turmeric powder improved the performance of Cobb strain of broiler chicken compared to the group of birds fed BHT and selenium.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Les additifs alimentaires sont des groupes de produits non nutritifs ajoutés aux rations pour améliorer l’efficacité de la production animale via une amélioration de l’apport, de la microflore gastro-intestinale, des caractéristiques de production, de la qualité de la viande, des œufs de volaille, de la vitalité et de l’état de santé Dans cette étude, les performances de la souche Cobb de des poulets à griller nourris avec des régimes contenant différents additifs ont été étudiés. Un total de poulets âgés de 150 jours de souche Cobb ont été achetés et couvés. Deux semaines de couvaison, après quoi les oiseaux ont été équilibrés en fonction du poids et affectés à cinq (5) traitements désignés comme T1—T5, chaque traitement contenant 30 oiseaux de 10 oiseaux en répétitions de 3. Le T1 consiste en un régime de base sans additif, T2 = Régime de base + 4 g/kg de clous de girofle, T3 = Régime de base + 4 g/kg de curcuma, T4 = Régime de base + 2,0 mg de sélénium et T5 = Régime de base + 0,25 mg/kg de Hydroxytoluène Butylé (BHT) ont été attribués au cinq groupes de traitement. L’essai d’alimentation a duré 6 semaines. Les","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Puberty attainment and growth performance in male rabbits fed zinc sulphate supplemented diets","authors":"A. A. Adeyemi, S. T. Abdulrahman, O. B. Ogunyemi","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i5.3765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i5.3765","url":null,"abstract":"Micronutrients are essential for reproductive performance in farm animals but often deficient in their diets especially in the tropics. This study was conducted to assess the effect of zinc supplementation on puberty attainment and growth indices in male rabbits. The experimental diets were supplemented with zinc as zinc sulphate at 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg of diet and fed to twenty-four growing male rabbits aged 9-10 weeks old allotted to four groups in a Completely Randomized Design. Puberty attainment in the male rabbits was monitored at 72hours interval from 12weeks of age till sperm cells were first seen in their preputial fluid examined under a microscope. Body weight gain and feed intake were monitored weekly; and the feed conversion ratio was estimated. The study lasted for 10weeks. The data obtained were subjected to general linear model of analysis of variance at p<0.05. An insignificant impact of zinc supplementation on puberty attainment was recorded. Among all the growth parameters assessed, only feed intake was significantly (p<0.05) influenced by zinc supplementation. Average daily feed intake was higher (86.55g) in male rabbits fed Z150 compared to those on other groups. Weight gain was lower in rabbits fed zinc supplemented diets. It can be concluded that dietary zinc supplementation did not result in early attainment of puberty and no significant (p>0.05) effect on pubertal weight. Dietary, zinc supplementation did not improve growth performance, puberty attainment or pubertal weight in male rabbits. However, to meet nutritional requirement of growing rabbits, supplementation may be needed as many conventional feeds do not meet the recommended level.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Les micronutriments sont essentiels pour les performances de reproduction des animaux de ferme mais souvent déficients dans leur alimentation, en particulier sous les tropiques. Cette étude a été menée pour évaluer l’effet de la supplémentation en zinc sur l’atteinte de la puberté et les indices de croissance chez les lapins mâles. Les régimes expérimentaux ont été complétés avec du zinc sous forme de sulfate de zinc à 0, 50, 100 et 150 mg/kg de régime et donnés à vingt-quatre lapins mâles en croissance âgés de 9 à 10 semaines répartis en quatre groupes dans un plan entièrement randomisé. L’atteinte de la puberté chez les lapins mâles a été surveillée à intervalle de 72 heures à partir de l’âge de 12 semaines jusqu’à ce que les spermatozoïdes soient vus pour la première fois dans leur liquide préputial examiné au microscope. Le gain de poids corporel et la consommation d’aliments ont été surveillés chaque semaine; et le taux de conversion alimentaire a été estimé. L’étude a duré 10 semaines. Les données obtenues ont été soumises à un modèle linéaire général d’analyse de variance à p<0,05. Un impact insignifiant de la supplémentation en&#x0D; zinc sur l’atteinte de la puberté a été enregistré. Parmi tous les paramètres de croissance évalués, seule la","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"178 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth performance and economics of feeding sole concentrate, sole forage and their mixtures to weaner rabbits","authors":"G. I. Christopher, I. C. Idiong, J. S. Ekpo, U. M. Okon, U. U. Ndak","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i5.3767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i5.3767","url":null,"abstract":"Replacement and supplementation of concentrate diets by forage is very promising in rabbit production since they are classified as pseudo-ruminants. The study assessed the performance and the economics of feeding sole concentrate, sole forage and their mixtures to weaner rabbits. The control treatment (T1) was fed with concentrate and forage simultaneously in the morning and afternoon, Rabbits in treatment 2 (T2) received forage in the morning and concentrate in the afternoon. Rabbits in treatment 3 (T3) got concentrate diet in the morning and forage in the afternoon, Treatment 4 (T4) rabbits were given sole concentrate in the morning and afternoon while those in treatment 5 (T5) were fed sole forage in morning/ afternoon. Thirty (30) weaner crossbreed rabbits (both sexes) with an initial weight range of 750-770 g were divided into five groups of six rabbits (5 males and I female) each and randomly assigned to the five treatments in a completely randomized design (CRD) with each treatment having three replicates of two rabbits in a 63-day feeding trial. Data collected were daily feed intake, weekly body weight, weekly body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and cost of feed were computed and subjected to Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) using S.A.S (2002) software package. The results revealed that rabbits on (T4), (T3) and (T2) had significantly (p<0.05) higher final body weight and daily weight gain of 2000, 1950g, 19000g and 19.84g 19.21g, 19.05g respectively The result further shows that rabbits on sole forage (T5) had the highest (P<0.05) daily forage intake (83.50g) among the treatments while those on sole concentrate (T4) treatment had the least feed intake (60.90g). Rabbits on T4 were the best in terms of FCR followed by concentrate/forage mixture T3, T2, and T1. The results further show that rabbits on sole forage (T5) had the highest (P<0.05) daily forage intake (83.50g) among the treatments while those on sole concentrate (T4) treatment had the least feed intake (60.90g). Rabbits on T4 were the best in terms of FCR followed by concentrate/forage mixture T3, T2, and T1. The result shows that sole forage treatment (T5) had the lowest feed cost of N131.5 while the highest feed cost of N378.86 was recorded for rabbits in T4. However, rabbits on sole forage or concentrate diets had about 49.17 and 16.83 percent reductions while T4 and T2 had -10.74 and -46.43 percent additions in feed cost per kg. Better returns of investment per rabbit were noted for rabbits in T4 followed by those of T3. Profit or gross margin was the better for rabbit on T3.For optimum performance and economic returns, feeding rabbit with concentrate in the morning/forage in the afternoon (T3) is recommended.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Le remplacement et la supplémentation des régimes concentrés par le fourrage sont très prometteurs en production cunicole puisqu’ils sont classés comme pseudo-ruminants. L’étude a évalué la performance et l’économie de l’alimentat","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-vitro assessment of the nutritive value of vegetable wastes as feed supplement for ruminants","authors":"G. O. Omoruyi, I. O. Busari, O. J. Babayemi","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i5.3772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i5.3772","url":null,"abstract":"The need to optimize livestock production to meet the growing demand for animal products has necessitated the efficient use of available resources, including crop wastes to enhance livestock productivity. Fifteen vegetable waste samples were analyzed to determine their nutritive value as ruminant feed. The chemical composition was determined using standard methods, and a 24-hour in-vitro fermentation was done to determine the dry matter degradability (DMD), short chain fatty acid (SCFA), and enteric methane (CH4) emission of each sample. Talinum triangulare leaf had the highest (p<0.05) crude protein value (31.50%) and Cucumis sativa had the lowest value (11.51%). A significant difference (p<0.05) was observed among the values of the proximate composition of the samples. Cucumis sativa had the highest CH4 percentage (36.75%) while the lowest CH4 percentage (10.00%) was observed in Cochorus olitorius stem. There was no significant difference (p<0.05) observed among the DMD values of the samples. The value of SCFA was highest for Daucus carota (0.33) and lowest for Talinum triangulare stem (0.07). The results of the proximate composition, CH4 percentage, and dry matter degradability of the samples observed in this study revealed that they could be further investigated through in-vivo trials to establish their suitability as alternative feedstuffs in ruminant diets. &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; La nécessité d’optimiser la production animale pour répondre à la demande croissante de produits animaux a nécessité l’utilisation efficace des ressources disponibles, y compris les déchets de récolte pour améliorer la productivité de l’élevage. Quinze échantillons de déchets végétaux ont été analysés pour déterminer leur valeur nutritive en tant qu’aliments pour ruminants. La composition chimique a été déterminée à l’aide de méthodes standard et une fermentation in vitro de 24 heures a été effectuée pour déterminer la dégradabilité de la matière sèche (DMS), les émissions d’acides gras à chaîne courte (AGCC) et de méthane entérique (CH4) de chaque échantillon. La feuille de Talinum triangulare avait la valeur de protéines brutes la plus élevée (p < 0,05) (31,50 %) et Cucumis sativa avait la valeur la plus faible (11,51 %). Une différence significative (p<0,05) a été observée entre les valeurs de la composition approximative des échantillons. Cucumis sativa avait le pourcentage de CH4 le plus élevé (36,75%) tandis que le pourcentage de CH4 le plus bas (10,00%) a été observé dans la tige de Cochorus olitorius. Aucune différence significative (p < 0,05) n’a été observée entre les valeurs DMS des échantillons. La valeur de AGCC était la plus élevée pour Daucus carota (0,33) et la plus faible pour la tige de Talinum triangulare (0,07). Les résultats de la composition approximative, du pourcentage de CH4 et de la dégradabilité de la matière sèche des échantillons observés dans cette étude ont révélé qu’ils pourraient être étudiés plus avant par des essais in","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"108 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth performance of the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus) fed raw and processed roselle (Hibiscus Sabdariffa) Seed Based Diets","authors":"A. Yunusa, W. Buba, M. M. Onimisi, H. U. Onimisi, A. Yusuf","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i5.3768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i5.3768","url":null,"abstract":"Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the most important fish species in aquaculture, as it is widely cultivated and consumed around the world. Roselle seed can be a viable alternative feed ingredient for tilapia. However, research is needed to optimize the different processing methods and nutrient composition of Roselle seed-based diets to ensure maximum growth and performance of tilapia. This study was carried out to investigate the growth performance of the Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fed with raw and differently processed Hibiscus sabdariffa (Roselle) as a protein source. Fifteen plastic aquaria of 60cm x 50cm x 30cm were used to rear tilapia for 28 weeks. Each aquarium was stocked with twenty fingerlings (average weight 0.60g), continuous aeration was provided using a whirl charging electro-magnetic aerator (Model: ACO 003). Water quality parameters were carefully monitored. The results for the proximate composition (PC) of Raw and Processed Roselle seeds indicated that the crude protein (CP) level was higher in Fermented Roselle [FR] (39.70%); followed by Boiled Roselle [BR] (38.82%), Soaked Roselle [SR] (38.50%), Raw Roselle [RR] (38.02%) and the least CP level was found in Sprouted Roselle [SPR] (37.70). All these values were significantly different (p<0.05). The results obtained for the growth performances indices (GPI) were statistically different (p<0.05). O. niloticus fed FR had the highest mean weight gain of 369.11g, followed by the fish fed with BR (359.64); SPR (358.74), SR (349.68) and RR (349.18). Other growth parameters indicated similar trend. Specific Growth Rate values obtained were RR (0.26) SR (0.28) BR (0.29) SPR (0.28) and FR (0.30). In conclusion all the various processing techniques employed in this study had significant effects on the PC and GPI of O, niloticus while FR was the best of all. &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Le remplacement et la supplémentation des régimes concentrés par le fourrage sont très prometteurs en production cunicole puisqu’ils sont classés comme pseudo-ruminants. L’étude a évalué la performance et l’économie de l’alimentation de concentré de sole, de fourrage de sole et de leurs mélanges sur des lapins sevrés. Le traitement témoin (T1) a été nourri avec du concentré et du fourrage simultanément le matin et l’après-midi. Les lapins du traitement 2 (T2) ont reçu du fourrage le matin et du concentré l’après-midi. Les lapins du traitement 3 (T3) ont reçu un régime concentré le matin et du fourrage l’après-midi, les lapins du traitement 4 (T4) ont reçu du concentré de sole le matin et l’après-midi tandis que ceux du traitement 5 (T5) ont reçu du fourrage de sole le matin/l’après-midi. . Trente (30) lapins croisés sevrés (les deux sexes) avec un poids initial compris entre 750 et 770 g ont été divisés en cinq groupes de six lapins (5 mâles et 1 femelle) chacun et assignés au hasard aux cinq tr","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semen Characteristics and Testiculo-Epididymal Histology of Red Sokoto Bucks Fed Whole Cottonseed and Cottonseed Cake","authors":"G. T. Iyeghe-Erakpotobor, J. O. Omirinde, A. E. Enaohwo, P. P. Barje","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i5.3766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i5.3766","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the effect of cotton products (whole cottonseed and cottonseed cake) on semen characteristics and testiculo-epididymal histology of Red Sokoto bucks. A total of twenty-four (24) healthy red Sokoto bucks were used and randomly allocated to six dietary treatments of four animals (n=4) per group in a completely randomized design. The treatments contained 10, 20 and 30% inclusion levels of either Whole cottonseed (WCS) or Cottonseed cake (CSC) in the diets fed to the bucks over a period of 98 days. Semen obtained via electroejaculator was analyzed; semen parameters assessed include pH, volume, concentration, motility, live-dead ratio and sperm morphological abnormalities. Testes and epididymides were excised and processed routinely for histological evaluation. Spermatozoa motility, concentration and live to dead ratio decreased significantly with increasing WCS compared to the increasing trend observed in bucks fed CSC diets. Testicular histopathological lesions of moderate to severe seminiferous tubular depletion, reduced germ cell layers, emptied luminal contents and disrupted interstitial tissue in the bucks fed 20 and 30% of WCS compared to their others fed CSC diets. Also, epididymal parenchyma were remarkably distorted in bucks fed 30% WCS relative to CSC groups. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that the higher inclusion levels of cotton products up to 30% had deleterious effect on semen characteristics and testiculo-epididymal histomorphology. Hence, farmers are encouraged to be cautious in the inclusion of cotton products in the buck’s feed.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Cette étude a évalué l’effet des produits de coton (graines de coton entières et tourteaux de coton) sur les caractéristiques du sperme et l’histologie testiculo-épididymaire des boucs Red Sokoto. Un total de vingt-quatre (24) mâles Red Sokoto en bonne santé ont été utilisés et répartis au hasard dans six traitements alimentaires de quatre animaux (n = 4) par groupe dans une conception entièrement randomisée. Les traitements contenaient des niveaux d’inclusion de 10, 20 et 30 % de graines de coton entières (GCE) ou de tourteaux de graines de coton (TGC) dans les régimes alimentaires des boucs sur une période de 98 jours. Le sperme obtenu par électroéjaculateur a été analysé ; les paramètres du sperme évalués comprennent le pH, le volume, la concentration, la motilité, le rapport morts-vivants et les anomalies morphologiques du sperme. Les testicules et les épididymes ont été excisés et traités en routine pour une évaluation histologique. La motilité, la concentration et le rapport vivants/morts des spermatozoïdes ont diminué de manière significative avec l’augmentation du GCE par rapport à la tendance à la hausse observée chez les boucs nourris avec des régimes TGC. Lésions histopathologiques testiculaires de déplétion tubulaire séminifère modérée à sévère, couches de cellules germinales réduites, contenu luminal vidé et tissu interstitiel p","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expression of major histocompatibility complex class II gene in commercial strains of broiler chickens administered varying levels of aqueous ginger extract","authors":"G. P. Okolo, S. S. A. Egena, B. O. Otu, A. B. Sikiru","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i5.3773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i5.3773","url":null,"abstract":"Due to regulation on the usage of synthetic antibiotics as a result of the development of resistance by microorganisms, the expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) class II gene in three commercial strains of broiler chickens administered varying levels of ginger extract was investigated. Ninety each of Arbor acres Plus, Cobb 500 and Ross 308 were used in the experiment. The birds were randomly divided into three treatment groups, on breed basis, of 30 birds, designated as T1, T2, and T3. Each treatment per breed were further divided into 3 replicates of 10 chicks. The control was administered a leveled table spoonful of Oxytetracycline® in 2L of water as recommended by the manufacturer while 4% and 6% of aqueous ginger extract was given to treatment 2, and 3 birds, respectively via drinking water. A single phase diet (22.34% CP; 2948.05 ME kcal/kg) was fed to the birds for 8 weeks. Liver samples were collected at the end of the experiment, fixed in RNA Later, and used for the expression study. Results showed significant (P<0.05) effect of treatment on the expression of MHC complex class II gene of the birds. Arbor acres Plus, Cobb 500 and Ross 308 birds administered ginger extract expressed more of the gene compared to the control. For the breed effect, expression of MHC class II gene was better in Ross 308 strain (1.07 fold change) followed by Arbor acres plus (0.76 fold change) while Cobb 500 had the least (0.62 fold change). For the effect of varying ginger extract levels on the expression of MHC class II gene, it was observed to have been upregulated most in birds administered 4% ginger extract (1.26 FC), 6% ginger extract (1.19 FC), while the control (0% ) had the least value (0.00 FC). In conclusion, aqueous ginger extract could be used up to 6% in the drinking water of the three broiler chickens strains as it led to upregulation of the MHC class II gene expression which could help in conferring immunity to the birds against exogenous microbial infection.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; En raison de la réglementation sur l’utilisation d’antibiotiques synthétiques à la suite du développement d’une résistance par des micro-organismes, l’expression du gène de classe II du complexe majeur d’histocompatibilité (CMH) dans trois souches commerciales de poulets à griller administrées à des niveaux variables d’extrait de gingembre a été étudiée. Quatre-vingt-dix chacun des acres Arbor Plus, Cobb 500 et Ross 308 ont été utilisés dans l’expérience. Les oiseaux ont été divisés au hasard en trois groupes de traitement, sur la base de la race, de 30 oiseaux, désignés par T1, T2 et T3. Chaque traitement par race a ensuite été divisé en 3 répétitions de 10 poussins. Le témoin a reçu une cuillerée de table rase d’Oxytetracycline® dans 2L d’eau comme recommandé par le fabricant tandis que 4% et 6% d’extrait aqueux de gingembre ont été administrés aux oiseaux de traitement 2 et 3, respectivement via l’eau potable. Un régime à une seule phase (","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heterosis of crossbred genotypes of muturu cows mated with white fulani bulls using modified co-synch protocol under natural grazing conditions","authors":"P. E. Nwakpu, E. U. Obianwuna, J. T. Ogunnupebi","doi":"10.51791/njap.v49i5.3761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51791/njap.v49i5.3761","url":null,"abstract":"Heterosis is the improved performance of the offspring over the parents. The experiment was carried out to determine the heterosis of some anthropometric traits from crossing of Muturu cows with the White Fulani bulls using artificial insemination (AI). This experiment was carried out during the period of dry season and on-set of rainy season (November to February) between 2016 and 2019. Sixty adult Muturu cows were inseminated using semen from 15 different White Fulani bulls. Fifty-one crossbred calves were produced (32 females and 19 males). Data on different anthropometric traits were taken of the calves when they were a yearling. The data was compared with the parent’s data at yearlings by analyzing using T test in SPSS version 19 window. The results showed that all the traits were significantly (P<0.05) different between the crossbred and the parents presenting direct and positive heterosis over and above the parents. Heterosis occurred in both the crossbred bull and heifer calves. Crossbred calves grow faster than their inbred parents.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; L’hétérosis est l’amélioration des performances de la progéniture par rapport aux parents. L’expérience a été réalisée pour déterminer l’hétérosis de certains traits anthropométriques du croisement des vaches Muturu avec les taureaux White Fulani par insémination artificielle (IA). Cette expérience a été réalisée pendant la période de saison sèche et au début de la saison des pluies (novembre à février) entre 2016 et 2019. Soixante vaches Muturu adultes ont été inséminées à partir de la semence de 15 taureaux White Fulani différents. Cinquante et un veaux croisés ont été produits (32 femelles et 19 mâles). Des données sur différents traits anthropométriques ont été prises sur les veaux lorsqu’ils étaient un an. Les données ont été comparées aux données des parents chez les yearlings en analysant à l’aide du T-test dans la fenêtre SPSS version 19. Les résultats ont montré que tous les caractères étaient significativement (P<0,05) différents entre les croisés et les parents présentant une hétérosis directe et positive au-delà des parents. L’hétérosis s’est produite à la fois chez les taureaux croisés et les génisses. Les veaux croisés grandissent plus vite que leurs parents consanguins.","PeriodicalId":19417,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Animal Production","volume":"333 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134974357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}