New Zealand veterinary journal最新文献

{"title":"Novel crescentic, medial-closing, medially translating, centre-of-rotation-of-angulation-based, levelling osteotomy for lateral compartment stifle disease with partial cranial cruciate ligament tear in two dogs.","authors":"E J McLean, R G Cashmore","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2308291","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2308291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history: </strong>Two mature, large breed dogs presented with chronic lameness and discomfort localised to the stifle.</p><p><strong>Clinical findings: </strong>No hindlimb deformities were present on physical examination or radiographic evaluation. No stifle instability was present. Arthroscopy revealed severe (grade 5/5 modified Outerbridge score) cartilage erosion in the lateral compartment (femorotibial), marked degeneration of the lateral meniscus and early cranial cruciate ligament disease in both patients.</p><p><strong>Treatment and outcome: </strong>Medial-closing, medially translating, centre-of-rotation-of-angulation-based, levelling osteotomy (mcmtCBLO) was performed in both patients. The procedure aims to shift the pelvic limb's mechanical axis medially to reduce pressure in the lateral compartment while also reducing craniocaudal shear forces by lowering the tibial plateau angle.Eight weeks after surgery one patient's lameness had resolved while the other had improved significantly. Second-look arthroscopy performed at this time revealed fibrocartilage formation in the lateral compartment without progression of cruciate disease in both cases. At long-term follow-up (approximately 3 and 5 years), favourable outcomes (no or minimal lameness, mild or moderate osteoarthritis) were identified on the long-term owner survey, lameness examination and radiographs.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>mcmtCBLO reduced or eliminated short- and long-term lameness in these two cases afflicted by concurrent lateral compartment and early cranial cruciate ligament disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"162-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139651266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary preputial reconstruction following surgical excision of cutaneous mast cell tumours without penile amputation in eight dogs.","authors":"R Hammerton, M Goodfellow, S Das","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2308807","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2308807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history: </strong>Medical records from a single referral hospital (Davies Veterinary Specialists, Hitchin, UK) were reviewed to identify dogs (n = 8) with preputial cutaneous mast cell tumours (CMCT) that underwent surgical excision and primary preputial reconstruction, preserving the penis and urethra, after clients declined alternatives such as penile amputation and urethrostomy, from June 2017-June 2022.</p><p><strong>Clinical findings: </strong>Tumours had a median diameter of 21.5 (min 15, max 30) mm, were located cranioventrally (3/8), caudoventrally (1/8), laterally (2/8) and dorsally (2/8) relative to the prepuce and were diagnosed as CMCT based on cytology. No dogs had hepatic or splenic metastasis on cytology but inguinal lymph node metastasis was identified in 3/4 dogs sampled.</p><p><strong>Treatment and outcome: </strong>The owners of all dogs had declined penile amputation and scrotal urethrostomy. The CMCT were excised and primary reconstruction of the prepuce performed. Surgical lateral margins of 10, 20 or 30 mm were used and the deep margin excised the inner preputial lamina or underlying muscular fascia. The deep margin for caudoventral CMCT involved excision of the underlying SC adipose tissue. Preputial advancement was performed in 3/8 dogs to achieve adequate penile coverage. Histopathology confirmed all CMCT were Kiupel low grade, Patnaik grade II with complete margins in 6/8 dogs but identified metastasis only in one inguinal lymph node from one dog. Two dogs encountered minor complications (infection and a minor dehiscence) and one dog had a major complication (infection with major dehiscence). Median follow-up duration was 125 weeks, excluding one dog with 4 weeks of follow-up. None of the dogs experienced local recurrence or died of mast cell disease during the available follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong> This clinical study evaluated a surgical alternative to penile amputation and advanced reconstructive techniques for Kuipel low/Patnaik grade II preputial CMCT when these procedures were declined by owners. Surgical excision of preputial CMCT with lateral margins of 10, 20 or 30 mm with primary preputial reconstruction is achievable with low morbidity and a good outcome when penile amputation and scrotal urethrostomy is not an option.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"148-154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139703052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suspected intoxication by Kikuyu grass (<i>Cenchrus clandestinus</i>) of dairy cattle in the Azores, Portugal.","authors":"C Coelho, J Fagundes da Silva, G Stilwell","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2319101","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2319101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history: </strong>An outbreak of suspected Kikuyu grass (<i>Cenchrus clandestinus</i>) intoxication among dairy cattle occurred on the island of Terceira in the Azores (Portugal), in October 2022. The animals affected were non-lactating dairy cows and heifers from five small farms grazing (free or tethered) a Kikuyu-dominant pasture. Of the 29 animals exposed, 17 were affected, and eight (five heifers and three adult cows) died, resulting in a morbidity rate of 58%, a mortality rate of 28% and a case mortality rate of 47%.</p><p><strong>Clinical findings and treatment: </strong>The clinical signs were non-specific and inconsistent, and included dry faeces, some with dark red blood; apathy and prostration; abdominal dilatation; tachycardia; tachypnoea; pale or jaundiced mucous membranes; sham drinking; sialorrhoea; and moderate to severe dehydration. Symptomatic treatment was provided but was ineffective. Haematology and serum biochemistry revealed an acute inflammatory leukogram, increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, decreased gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity, and azotaemia.The most consistent necropsy findings were haemorrhages in the epicardium and endocardium, an enlarged liver with rounded edges, non-perforated abomasal ulcers, and haemorrhagic lesions in the small and large intestines. Histopathology indicated myocarditis, hepatitis, interstitial nephritis, enteritis and colitis.Several fungal species were isolated from grass samples taken from affected pastures including several <i>Fusarium</i> spp., the genus implicated in Kikuyu toxicosis. Immediate removal of the animals from the pasture with Kikuyu was the only measure that prevented new cases and resulted in the recovery of some of the less affected animals.</p><p><strong>Diagnosis: </strong>The epidemiological features of this outbreak and the clinical signs and micro- and macroscopic lesions observed were highly suggestive of Kikuyu grass poisoning.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Although the weather conditions varied from other published cases, the grazing conditions (almost exclusive Kikuyu grass) and the post-mortem findings were very similar to those described in the literature, particularly the haemorrhages in the epicardium and endocardium. Kikuyu grass is very invasive and presents many desirable characteristics as cattle feed. Thus, an increase in cases of intoxication may be expected. Practitioners and farmers in areas where Kikuyu grass is abundant should be aware of the potential risks of grazing cattle exclusively on these pastures. They should also be aware of the early and subtle signs of Kikuyu intoxication to allow for timely removal of the animals from pasture.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"155-161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140028540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence of damaged tails in New Zealand dairy cattle.","authors":"E L Cuttance, W A Mason, S Y Hea, M A Bryan, R A Laven","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2321180","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2321180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To undertake a survey of the prevalence of tail deviations, trauma and shortening on a representative selection of New Zealand dairy farms, and to assess whether sampling based on milking order could be used instead of random sampling across the herd to estimate prevalence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a cross-sectional observational study, with 200 randomly selected farms enrolled across nine regions of New Zealand via selected veterinary practices (one/region). Veterinary clinics enrolled 20-25 farms each depending on region, with 1-2 trained technicians scoring per region. All cows (n = 92,348) present at a milking or pregnancy testing event were tail scored using a modified version of the New Zealand Veterinary Association Industry Scoring System. Palpated lesions were recorded as deviated (i.e. non-linear deformity), shortened (tail shorter than normal) or traumatic (all other lesions). The location of lesions was defined by dividing the tail into three equal zones: upper, middle and lower. A cow could have more than one lesion type and location, and/or multiple lesions of the same type, but for the prevalence calculation, only the presence or absence of a particular lesion was assessed. Prevalence of tail damage calculated using whole herd scoring was compared to random sampling across the herd and sampling from the front and back of the milking order. Bootstrap sampling with replacement was used to generate the sampling distributions across seven sample sizes ranging from 40-435 cows.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When scoring all cows, the median prevalence for deviation was 9.5 (min 0.9, max 40.3)%; trauma 0.9 (min 0, max 10.7)%, and shortening was 4.5 (min 1.3, max 10.8)%. Deviation and trauma prevalence varied between regions; the median prevalence of deviations ranged from 6% in the West Coast to 13% in Waikato, and the median prevalence of all tail damage from 7% in the West Coast to 29% in Southland. Sampling based on milking order was less precise than random sampling across the herd. With the latter and using 157 cows, 95% of prevalence estimates were within 5% of the whole herd estimate, but sampling based on milking order needed > 300 cows to achieve the same precision.</p><p><strong>Conclusions and clinical relevance: </strong>The proportion of cows identified as having damaged tails was consistent with recent reports from New Zealand and Ireland, but at 11.5%, the proportion of cows with trauma or deviation is below acceptable standards. An industry-wide programme is needed to reduce the proportion of affected cows.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"123-132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140102074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anaesthesia-related morbidity associated with recumbent, low-field magnetic resonance imaging of horses","authors":"MG Myhre, A Azeem, M Barrett","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2321176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2024.2321176","url":null,"abstract":"Medical records from 2009 to 2021 from a private equine referral hospital in Rochester, NH, USA were analysed for cases that underwent general anaesthesia for low-field MRI of the distal limb. Thes...","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140574428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of bromoform in dairy heifers","authors":"P Bhusal, MC Lay, KL Kraakman, GE Corbett, NR Gladden","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2330914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2024.2330914","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the pharmacokinetics in dairy heifers after oral and IV administration of bromoform, a potential antimethanogenic agent found in red seaweed, Asparagopsis spp.Twenty-four dairy heifers...","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140574432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The risks and consequences of a high pathogenicity avian influenza outbreak in Aotearoa New Zealand.","authors":"B D Gartrell, M J Jolly, S A Hunter","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2294915","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2294915","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"63-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reviewer List 2023.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2305249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2024.2305249","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":"72 2","pages":"iii"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139681250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of LIME-NZ: a generic tool for prompt estimation of economic impacts of disease for New Zealand livestock.","authors":"M Wada, C Compton, R Hickson, P Bingham","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2294792","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2294792","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To develop a simple and robust generic tool to measure the impacts of livestock diseases on New Zealand dairy, beef and sheep farms using enterprise gross margin models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The most recent (2018-2020) livestock production benchmarking data was extracted from industry-led economic surveys. Gross margin models were built for each enterprise type, accounting for 11 dairy farm types and 16 farm types for beef and sheep. Disease parameters, including changes in mortality, reproduction performance, milk yield, price of animals and culling rate, as well as additional expenses for veterinary intervention, were applied to the infected compartment of the herd/flock using the assumed annual within-herd disease incidence. Farm-level disease impacts were estimated as the difference in annual profit between the baseline and infected farm. The baseline gross margin models were validated against the industry data. The disease impact models were validated using a recently published study on bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD). The impact assessment tool, LIME-NZ, was developed using the statistical software R and implemented in the web-based R package Shiny. The input parameters can be varied interactively to obtain a range of disease impacts for uncertain disease parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The baseline gross margin models demonstrated reasonable accuracy with a mean percentage error of <14% when compared with the industry reports. The estimated annual impacts of BVD were comparable to those reported in the BVD study, NZ$38.5-140.4 thousand and $0.9-32.6 thousand per farm per year for dairy and beef enterprises, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LIME-NZ can be used to rapidly obtain the likely economic impacts of diseases that are endemic, recently introduced or at increased risk of introduction in the New Zealand context. This will aid communication and decision-making among government agencies and the livestock industry, including veterinarians and livestock producers, about the management of diseases, until refined information becomes available to improve decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"79-89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139520722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osteoinductive squamous cell carcinoma associated with a putative novel papillomavirus on the digit of a cat.","authors":"J S Munday, M E Dunbar, P Wightman, S Piripi","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2285294","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2023.2285294","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case history and clinical findings: </strong>An approximately 10-year-old, castrated male domestic short-haired cat developed swelling and ulceration of the second digit of the right front paw. Radiographs revealed a spherical soft tissue swelling with irregular distal margins that contained multiple lacy mineral opacities. The digit was amputated and submitted for histology. No recurrence has been observed 7 months after amputation.</p><p><strong>Pathological and molecular findings: </strong>Histology revealed a moderately well-circumscribed proliferation of well-differentiated squamous cells arranged in trabeculae and nests. Numerous thin spicules of osseous metaplasia were visible throughout the neoplasm. Around 70% of the neoplastic cells contained papillomavirus-induced cell changes including large amphophilic cytoplasmic bodies and cells with shrunken nuclei surrounded by a clear halo. Intense p16^CDKN2A protein immunostaining was visible within the neoplastic cells, suggesting papillomavirus-induced changes in cell regulation. A DNA sequence from a putative novel <i>Taupapillomavirus</i> type was amplified from the neoplasm<b>.</b></p><p><strong>Diagnosis: </strong>Osteoinductive squamous cell carcinoma associated with a putative novel papillomavirus type.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The findings in this case increase the number of papillomavirus types known to infect cats, and the squamous cell carcinoma had histological features that have not been previously reported. The neoplasm was not as invasive as is typical for a squamous cell carcinoma and excision appeared curative. This is the first report of an osteoinductive squamous cell carcinoma of the skin of cats and the neoplasm had a unique radiographic appearance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"112-117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}