NeuroImage最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the effects of calibration errors on the spatial resolution of OPM-MEG beamformer imaging","authors":"Shengjie Qi ,&nbsp;Xinda Song ,&nbsp;Le Jia ,&nbsp;Zhaoxin Duan ,&nbsp;Yan Dai ,&nbsp;Jing Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Ning","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) has provided a feasible, moveable and wearable alternative to superconducting detectors for magnetoencephalography (MEG) measurements. Recently, the widely used beamformer imaging technique has greatly improved spatial accuracy of MEG in the field of source reconstruction of neuroimaging. The spatial resolution of the source reconstruction using beamformer imaging technique was explored in the present study. The spatial accuracy of a beamformer reconstruction depends on accurate estimation of the data covariance matrix and lead field. In practical measurements, many sensor calibration errors including the gain error, crosstalk and angular error of the sensitive axis of OPMs due to for example, the low frequency magnetic field drift will distort the measured data as well as the forward model and thus reduce spatial resolution. The theory of OPM calibration errors was first provided based on the Bloch equations. The calibration errors are then quantified using the self-developed OPM array. And an analytical relationship between the Frobenius norm of the covariance matrix error and gain error, crosstalk was derived. The relationship between point-spread function (PSF) and the forward model error caused by the angular error of sensitive axis was analyzed. Finally, the effects of calibration errors on spatial resolution of OPM-MEG were investigated using simulations of two dipoles with orthogonal signals at the source level based on realistic head models. We find the presence of calibration errors will decrease the spatial resolution of beamformer reconstruction. And this decrease will become more severe as the signal-to-noise ratio increases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"310 ","pages":"Article 121078"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143523941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emotional content and semantic structure of dialogues are associated with Interpersonal Neural Synchrony in the Prefrontal Cortex","authors":"Alessandro Carollo ,&nbsp;Massimo Stella ,&nbsp;Mengyu Lim ,&nbsp;Andrea Bizzego ,&nbsp;Gianluca Esposito","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A fundamental characteristic of social exchanges is the synchronization of individuals’ behaviors, physiological responses, and neural activity. However, the association between how individuals communicate in terms of emotional content and expressed associative knowledge and interpersonal synchrony has been scarcely investigated so far. This study addresses this research gap by bridging recent advances in cognitive neuroscience data, affective computing, and cognitive data science frameworks. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning, prefrontal neural data were collected during social interactions involving 84 participants (i.e., 42 dyads) aged 18–35 years. Wavelet transform coherence was used to assess interpersonal neural synchrony between participants. We used manual transcription of dialogues and automated methods to codify transcriptions as emotional levels and syntactic/semantic networks. Our quantitative findings reveal higher than random expectations levels of interpersonal neural synchrony in the superior frontal gyrus (<em>q</em> = .038) and the bilateral middle frontal gyri (<em>q</em> <span><math><mo>&lt;</mo></math></span> .001, <em>q</em> <span><math><mo>&lt;</mo></math></span> .001). Linear mixed models based on dialogues’ emotional content only significantly predicted interpersonal neural synchrony across the prefrontal cortex (<span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>62</mn><mtext>%</mtext></mrow></math></span>). Conversely, models relying on syntactic/semantic features were more effective at the local level, for predicting brain synchrony in the right middle frontal gyrus (<span><math><mrow><msubsup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>g</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msubsup><mo>=</mo><mn>9</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>97</mn><mtext>%</mtext></mrow></math></span>). Generally, models based on the emotional content of dialogues were not effective when limited to data from one region of interest at a time, whereas models based on syntactic/semantic features show the opposite trend, losing predictive power when incorporating data from all regions of interest. Moreover, we found an interplay between emotions and associative knowledge in predicting brain synchrony, providing quantitative support to the major role played by these linguistic components in social interactions and in prefrontal processes. Our study identifies a mind-brain duality in emotions and associative knowledge reflecting neural synchrony levels, opening new ways for investigating human interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 121087"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143487049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age and gender-related patterns of arterial transit time and cerebral blood flow in healthy adults","authors":"Zongpai Zhang ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Riley ,&nbsp;Shichun Chen ,&nbsp;Li Zhao ,&nbsp;Adam K. Anderson ,&nbsp;Eve DeRosa ,&nbsp;Weiying Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Normal aging has been associated with increased arterial transit time (ATT) and reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF). However, age-related patterns of ATT and CBF and their relationship remain unclear. This is partly due to the lengthy scan times required for ATT measurements, which caused previous age-related CBF studies to not fully account for transit time. In this work, we aimed to elucidate age-related ATT and ATT-corrected CBF patterns. We examined 131 healthy subjects aged 19 to 82 years old using two pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL) MRI scans: one to measure fast low-resolution ATT maps with five post-labeling delay and the other to measure high-resolution perfusion-weighted maps with a single post-labeling delay. Both ATT and perfusion-weighed maps were applied with vessel suppression. We found that ATT increases with age in the frontal, temporoparietal, and occipital regions, with a more pronounced elongation in males compared to females in the middle temporal gyrus. ATT-corrected CBF decreases with age in several brain regions, including the anterior cingulate, insula, posterior cingulate, angular, precuneus, supramarginal, frontal, parietal, superior and middle temporal, occipital, and cerebellar regions, while remaining stable in the inferior temporal and subcortical regions. In contrast, without ATT correction, we detected artifactual decreases in the inferior temporal and precentral regions. These findings suggest that ATT provides valuable and independent insights into microvascular deficits and should be incorporated into CBF measurements for studies involving aging populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 121098"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Test-retest reliability of coupling between cerebrospinal fluid flow and global brain activity after normal sleep and sleep deprivation","authors":"Weiwei Zhao ,&nbsp;Joy Rao ,&nbsp;Ruosi Wang ,&nbsp;Ya Chai ,&nbsp;Tianxin Mao ,&nbsp;Peng Quan ,&nbsp;Yao Deng ,&nbsp;Wenwen Chen ,&nbsp;Shilei Wang ,&nbsp;Bowen Guo ,&nbsp;Qingyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Hengyi Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The glymphatic system (GS) plays a key role in maintaining brain homeostasis by clearing metabolic waste during sleep, with the coupling between global blood-oxygen-level-dependent (gBOLD) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) signals serving as a potential marker for glymphatic clearance function. However, the test-retest reliability and spatial heterogeneity of gBOLD-CSF coupling after different sleep conditions remain unclear. In this study, we assessed the test-retest reliability of gBOLD-CSF coupling following either normal sleep or total sleep deprivation (TSD) in 64 healthy adults under controlled laboratory conditions. The reliability was high after normal sleep (ICC = 0.763) but decreased following TSD (ICC = 0.581). Moreover, spatial heterogeneity was evident in participants with normal sleep, with lower-order networks (visual, somatomotor, and attention) showing higher ICC values compared to higher-order networks (default-mode, limbic, and frontoparietal). This spatial variation was less distinct in the TSD group. These results demonstrate the robustness of the gBOLD-CSF coupling method and emphasize the significance of considering sleep history in glymphatic function research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 121097"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143476851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebrospinal fluid flow within ventricles and subarachnoid space evaluated by velocity selective spin labeling MRI","authors":"Yihan Wu ,&nbsp;Feng Xu ,&nbsp;Dan Zhu ,&nbsp;Anna M. Li ,&nbsp;Kexin Wang ,&nbsp;Qin Qin ,&nbsp;Jiadi Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to evaluate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow dynamics within ventricles, and the subarachnoid space (SAS) using the velocity selective spin labeling (VSSL) MRI method with Fourier-transform-based velocity selective inversion preparation. The study included healthy volunteers who underwent MRI scanning with specific VSSL parameters optimized for CSF flow quantification. The VSSL sequence was calibrated against phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI) to ensure accurate flow velocity measurements. The CSF flow patterns observed in the ventricles were consistent with those obtained using 3D amplified MRI and other advanced MRI techniques, verifying the reliability of the VSSL method. The VSSL method successfully measured CSF flow in the SAS along major arteries, including the middle cerebral artery (MCA), anterior cerebral artery (ACA), and posterior cerebral artery (PCA), with an average flow velocity of <span><math><mrow><mn>0.339</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.117</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>cm</mtext><mo>/</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow></math></span>. The diffusion component was well suppressed by flow-compensated gradients, enabling comprehensive mapping of the rapid CSF flow pattern in the SAS system and ventricles. The flow pattern in the SAS system closely resembles the recently discovered perivascular subarachnoid space (PVSAS) system. CSF flow around the MCA, PCA, and ACA arteries in the SAS exhibited a weak orientation dependency. CSF flow in the ventricles was also measured, with an average flow velocity of<span><math><mrow><mspace></mspace><mn>0.309</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0.116</mn><mspace></mspace><mtext>cm</mtext><mo>/</mo><mi>s</mi></mrow></math></span>, and the highest velocity observed along the superior-inferior direction. This study underscores the potential of VSSL MRI as a non-invasive tool for investigating CSF dynamics in both SAS and ventricles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 121095"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143472650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The modulation of selective attention and divided attention on cross-modal congruence","authors":"Honghui Xu ,&nbsp;Guochun Yang ,&nbsp;Florian Göschl ,&nbsp;Qiaoyue Ren ,&nbsp;Mei Yu ,&nbsp;Qi Li ,&nbsp;Xun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous studies have demonstrated that performance under selective attention and divided attention can be enhanced or impaired, depending on whether the stimuli from different modalities are the same or different. However, it remains unclear whether the modulation of selective attention and divided attention on cross-modal congruence involves shared or distinct neural mechanisms. To clarify this, the present study adopted an audiovisual Stroop task (measuring selective attention) and an audiovisual Matching task (measuring divided attention), using the same physical stimuli, along with event-related potential (ERP) and time-frequency measures. The behavioral results revealed better performance when the auditory and visual stimuli were the same in both tasks. Electroencephalography (EEG) results revealed that different auditory and visual stimuli elicited increased N2 and late positive component (LPC) amplitudes, as well as increased theta power, in both tasks. Moreover, in the audiovisual Matching task, the P3 amplitude was lower in the different condition, and the delta power was greater in the same condition. However, in the audiovisual Stroop task, the amplitude of the N450 component was greater, and beta power was lower, in the different condition. These results indicate that both shared and distinct neural mechanisms underlie the modulation of different types of attention on cross-modal congruence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 121093"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple clustering approach to map the human brain's cortical semantic network organization during task","authors":"Yunhao Zhang ,&nbsp;Shaonan Wang ,&nbsp;Nan Lin ,&nbsp;Lingzhong Fan ,&nbsp;Chengqing Zong","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Constructing task-state large-scale brain networks can enhance our understanding of the organization of brain functions during cognitive tasks. The primary goal of brain network partitioning is to cluster functionally homogeneous brain regions. However, a brain region often serves multiple cognitive functions, complicating the partitioning process. This study proposes a novel clustering method for partitioning large-scale brain networks based on specific cognitive functions, selecting semantic representation as the target cognitive function to evaluate the validity of the proposed method. Specifically, we analyzed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 11 subjects, each exposed to 672 concepts, and correlated this with semantic rating data related to these concepts. We identified distinct semantic networks based on the concept comprehension task and validated the robustness of our network partitioning through multiple methods. We found that the semantic networks derived from multidimensional semantic activation clustering exhibit high reliability and cross-semantic model consistency (semantic ratings and word embeddings extracted from GPT-2), particularly in networks associated with high semantic functions. Moreover, these semantic networks exhibits significant differences from the resting-state and task-based brain networks obtained using traditional methods. Further analysis revealed functional differences between semantic networks, including disparities in their multidimensional semantic representation capabilities, differences in the information modalities they rely on to acquire semantic information, and varying associations with general cognitive domains. This study introduces a novel approach for analyzing brain networks tailored to specific cognitive functions, establishing a standard semantic parcellation with seven networks for future research, potentially enriching our understanding of complex cognitive processes and their neural bases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 121096"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic brain mapping of cognitive abilities: A multiple-dataset study on intelligence and its components","authors":"Simone Di Plinio ,&nbsp;Mauro Gianni Perrucci ,&nbsp;Grazia Ferrara ,&nbsp;Maria Rita Sergi ,&nbsp;Marco Tommasi ,&nbsp;Mariavittoria Martino ,&nbsp;Aristide Saggino ,&nbsp;Sjoerd JH Ebisch","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates how functional brain network features contribute to general intelligence and its cognitive components by analyzing three independent cohorts of healthy participants. Cognitive scores were derived from 1) the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-IV), 2) the Raven Standard Progressive Matrices (RPM), and 3) the NIH and Penn cognitive batteries from the Human Connectome Project. Factor analysis on the NIH and Penn cognitive batteries yielded latent variables that closely resembled the content of the WAIS-IV indices and RPM. We employed graph theory and a multi-resolution network analysis by varying the modularity parameter (γ) to investigate hierarchical brain-behavior relationships across different scales of brain organization. Brain-behavior associations were quantified using multi-level robust regression analyses to accommodate variability and confounds at the subject-level, node-level, and resolution-level. Our findings reveal consistent brain-behavior relationships across the datasets. Nodal efficiency in fronto-parietal sensorimotor regions consistently played a pivotal role in fluid reasoning, whereas efficiency in visual networks was linked to executive functions and memory. A broad, low-resolution 'task-positive' network emerged as predictive of full-scale IQ scores, indicating a hierarchical brain-behavior coding. Conversely, increased cross-network connections involving default mode and subcortical-limbic networks were associated with reductions in both general and specific cognitive performance. These outcomes highlight the relevance of network efficiency and integration, as well as of the hierarchical organization in supporting specific aspects of intelligence, while recognizing the inherent complexity of these relationships. Our multi-resolution network approach offers new insights into the interplay between multilayer network properties and the structure of cognitive abilities, advancing the understanding of the neural substrates of the intelligence construct.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 121094"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disruption of normal brain distribution of [18F]Nifene to α4β2* nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptors in old B6129SF2/J mice and transgenic 3xTg-AD mice model of Alzheimer's disease: In Vivo PET/CT imaging studies","authors":"Christopher Liang ,&nbsp;Atsumi A. Okamoto ,&nbsp;Fariha Karim ,&nbsp;Shimako Kawauchi ,&nbsp;Lusine Melkonyan ,&nbsp;Tram B. Danh ,&nbsp;Jogeshwar Mukherjee","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The 3xTg-AD transgenic mouse model develops Aβ plaque and tau pathology and is purported to closely resemble pathological development in the human Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) α4β2* subtype, was studied in this mouse model using [¹⁸F]nifene PET/CT and compared with non-transgenic B6129SF2/J mice (male and female). Young 2-month old B6129SF2/J exhibited normal [¹⁸F]nifene distribution (measured as standard uptake volume ratios, SUVR with cerebellum as reference) thalamus (TH) 3.12&gt; medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) 2.33&gt; frontal cortex (FC) 2.06&gt; hippocampus-subiculum (HP-SUB) 1.6. At 11-months of age, B6129SF2/J exhibited high, irreversible and non-saturable [¹⁸F]nifene binding in mPFC higher than in TH (mPFC 3.8&gt; TH 2.82&gt; FC 1.79&gt; HP-SUB 1.73). The 3xTg-AD also exhibited high mPFC binding, although the region of highest binding within the mPFC was different compared to B6129SF2/J mice (mPFC 2.44&gt; TH 2.27&gt; FC 1.61&gt; HP-SUB 1.48). [¹²⁵I]IBETA and immunohistochemistry in 3xTg-AD brain slices confirmed Aβ plaques. The TH of 3xTg-AD mice had lower [¹⁸F]nifene binding (reduced by approximately 20 %) compared to both, young and old B6129SF2/J, and was significant. The mPFC [¹⁸F]nifene binding was significantly higher in the old B6129SF2/J compared to both the young B6129SF2/J and the 3xTg-AD mice (&gt;150 %). Overall, 3xTg-AD transgenic mice had reduced [¹⁸F]nifene binding compared to B6129SF2/J controls, suggesting possible effects of Aβ plaques and Tau on α4β2* nAChRs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 121092"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143463696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EEG microstate syntax analysis: A review of methodological challenges and advances","authors":"David Haydock ,&nbsp;Shabnam Kadir ,&nbsp;Robert Leech ,&nbsp;Chrystopher L. Nehaniv ,&nbsp;Elena Antonova","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electroencephalography (EEG) microstates are “quasi-stable” periods of electrical potential distribution in multichannel EEG derived from peaks in Global Field Power. Transitions between microstates form a temporal sequence that may reflect underlying neural dynamics. Mounting evidence indicates that EEG microstate sequences have long-range, non-Markovian dependencies, suggesting a complex underlying process that drives EEG microstate syntax (i.e., the transitional dynamics between microstates). Despite growing interest in EEG microstate syntax, the field remains fragmented, with inconsistent terminologies used between studies and a lack of defined methodological categories. To advance the understanding of functional significance of microstates and to facilitate methodological comparability and finding replicability across studies, we: i) derive categories of syntax analysis methods, reviewing how each may be utilised most readily; ii) define three “time-modes” for EEG microstate sequence construction; and iii) outline general issues concerning current microstate syntax analysis methods, suggesting that the microstate models derived using these methods are cross-referenced against models of continuous EEG. We advocate for these continuous approaches as they do not assume a winner-takes-all model inherent in the microstate derivation methods and contextualise the relationship between microstate models and EEG data. They may also allow for the development of more robust associative models between microstates and functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"309 ","pages":"Article 121090"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}