NeuroImage最新文献

{"title":"Contentopic mapping in ventral and dorsal association cortex: the topographical organization of manipulable object information.","authors":"J Almeida, S Kristensen, Z Tal, A Fracasso","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding how object information is neurally organized is fundamental to unravel object recognition. The best-known neural organizational principle of information is topographical mapping of specific dimensions. Such maps have been shown for sensorimotor information within sensorimotor cortices (e.g., retinotopy). Here we ask whether there are topographic maps - by analogy, contentopic maps - for mid-level object-related dimensions. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging and population receptive field analysis to measure tuning of neural populations to selected manipulable object-related action-based dimensions. We show maps in dorsal and ventral occipital cortex that code for the score of each object on each target dimension in a linear progression following a particular direction along the cortical surface. Maps for each dimension are distinct, are consistent across individuals, and are not exhausted by participant-specific eccentricity maps, nor by high-definition eccentricity maps derived from available databases. Thus, object information is potentially also coded in multiple topographical maps - i.e., contentopic maps. These contentopic maps refer to intermediate level visual and visuomotor representations, potentially computed from the interaction of lower-level visual features through non-linear transformation following gestalt principles. This suggests that topography is a widespread and non-incidental strategy for the organization of information in the brain that leads to greatly reduced connectivity-related metabolic costs and fast and efficient readouts of information for stimuli discrimination.</p>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":" ","pages":"121514"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Single- and Multi-Delay Arterial Spin Labeling MRI in Preterm Neonates.","authors":"Yeva Prysiazhniuk, Sasha Alexander, Rui Duarte Armindo, Elizabeth Tong, Kristen W Yeom, Jakub Otáhal, Martin Kynčl, Michael Moseley, Jan Petr, Moss Y Zhao, Gary K Steinberg","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Preterm neonates are vulnerable to brain injuries from disrupted cerebral blood flow (CBF). Achieving high-quality MRI remains a major challenge in neonatal neuroimaging. Arterial Spin Labeling (ASL) MRI offers non-invasive, quantitative CBF assessment, but is understudied in neonates. This study evaluates the feasibility of ASL in non-sedated preterm neonates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Preterm neonates (n=48, 25 male, post-natal age 9.74±4.96 weeks, gestational age 28.74±2.6 weeks) underwent T1-weighted (T1w), T2-weighted (T2w), and single- and multi-delay (3 and 7 delays) ASL scans. Image quality was rated as \"good\", \"acceptable\", or \"unusable\" and compared across modalities. Cortical CBF and arterial transit time (ATT) were quantified and analyzed using paired t-tests and Cohen's d. Associations with sex and age were assessed using correlation and regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multi-delay ASL demonstrated the highest rate of acceptable images (<10% \"unusable\"), T2w scans outperformed T1w in quality (4.2% vs. 25% \"unusable\", p<0.01). Single-delay ASL yielded significantly lower cortical CBF compared to multi-delay ASL (p<0.001, d≥1.12), with sex differences observed: single-delay CBF was lower in females (p=0.035, d=0.72), and ATT was longer in males (p=0.045, d=0.60). CBF positively correlated with postmenstrual and postnatal age, especially for three-delay ASL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Multi-delay ASL is the favorable technique for neonatal neuroimaging based on image quality and hemodynamic measurements. Sex- and age-related hemodynamic variations underscore the importance of techniques distinguishing ATT and CBF components for improved neonatal perfusion neuroimaging. Despite frequent motion artifacts, ASL quality was comparable to structural scans. These findings support broader clinical adoption of multi-delay ASL in neonatal imaging protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":" ","pages":"121511"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crossing the scales: single-neuron recruitment and continuous cortical propagation of slow wave events revealed by integrative opto-magnetic imaging.","authors":"Dirk Cleppien, Miriam Schwalm, Hendrik Backhaus, Ting Fu, Felipe Aedo-Jury, Gaby Schneider, Albrecht Stroh","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Population up states or slow wave events (SWEs) represent the main feature of slow wave brain state in mammalian cortex, occurring during deep sleep or under certain types of anesthesia. We explore the neuronal recruitment and propagation of SWE on observational scales ranging from single neurons to the entire cortex, intertwining optical and translationally relevant functional MRI (fMRI). By two-photon calcium imaging in mouse visual cortex, we demonstrate that all active cells of the observed local micro network participate in a population wide slow wave. Implementing an optomagnetic-integration concept, involving simultaneous fiber photometry with fast cortical line-scanning fMRI in rats, we identify and follow propagating SWE across the cortex. We can demonstrate continuous cortical propagation of a slow wave event, by non-invasive line-scanning fMRI. This opens the door for monitoring the spatiotemporal dynamics of a neurophysiological-defined signal - here SWE. Non-invasive monitoring of slow wave event propagation might represent a proxy for the functional integrity of local and global cortical networks in rodents and humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":" ","pages":"121513"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional transition rate of the default mode network is associated with self-reported resilience","authors":"Chun-Wei Hsu ,&nbsp;Shulan Hsieh ,&nbsp;Wan-Rue Lin ,&nbsp;Ya-Ting Chang ,&nbsp;Yu-Shiang Su ,&nbsp;Cheng-Ta Yang ,&nbsp;Yun-Hsuan Chang ,&nbsp;Sheng-Hsiang Lin ,&nbsp;Joshua Oon Soo Goh","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dynamic variations of information in our environment constantly influence our thoughts, requiring the brain to regulate its internal state transitions to maintain stable psychological functioning. Presumably, effective regulation of brain state transitions — defined as changes from one functional state to another over time — reflects psychological resilience whereas failure to adapt can lead to mental health challenges. However, the specific relationship between these dynamic functional changes and psychological resilience remains unclear. We evaluated neurocomputational changes of the default mode network (DMN) using indices of its functional transitions based on conventional regional mean responses as well as multi-voxel state dynamics, and examined their associations with self-reported resilience in a sample of 336 young adults (171 males, 165 females). Smaller multi-voxel DMN functional state transitions were specifically associated with greater perceived self-resilience, particularly in individuals reporting lower external support. Smaller transitions of DMN regional mean responses were positively associated with more generic resilience measures, though this appeared less robust and potentially susceptible to confounds such as head motion and the size of DMN regions. Associations between resilience and functional state transitions was specific to the DMN, with only limited contributions observed from sensory and salience networks. Our findings reflect a basis for making neurocomputational linkages between brain functional dynamics and subjective experiences. Potential applications for interventions are present for enhancing mental adaptability by modulating DMN transitions, offering a promising index for evaluating intervention outcomes and informing resilience-based mental health strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 121508"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MR-Guided Graph Learning of ¹⁸F-Florbetapir PET Enables Accurate and Interpretable Alzheimer's Disease Staging.","authors":"Xinyi Chen, Lijuan Chen, Weiheng Yao, Qiankun Zuo, Ye Li, Dong Liang, Shuqiang Wang, Meiyun Wang, Tao Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Subtle structural and molecular brain changes make noninvasive early detection and staging of Alzheimer's disease (AD) challenging and critical for effective intervention. This study develops a novel graph convolutional network (GCN) learning framework that integrates amyloid-β PET imaging and MRI structural features, aiming for improved early detection and accurate staging of AD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The retrospective study utilized 18F-florbetapir PET scans from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) as the training dataset (323 scans from 196 subjects - 45 normal control, 80 mild cognitive impairment/MCI, 71 AD) and two independent datasets for testing (99 scans from 85 subjects - 31 normal control, 15 MCI, 44 AD). Individual brain graphs were constructed for each PET scan, and graph learning framework was designed to extract molecular features from PET while integrating structural features from MRI. Performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, comparing results against cortical SUVR. Additionally, a biomarker GCN_score was defined based on identified salient regions-of-interest, with its effectiveness assessed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Cohen's effect size.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The framework achieved AUCs of 89.8% (specificity 83.6%, sensitivity 81.6%) for distinguishing MCI from normal controls and 88.3% (specificity 81.6%, sensitivity 80.6%) for MCI from AD in the ADNI dataset, with comparable performance in external testing. All results significantly outperformed cortical SUVR (DeLong test p<0.001). The GCN_score demonstrated superior group differentiation (Cohen's effect sizes 1.744 and 1.32) compared to cortical SUVR (0.309 and 0.641).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed graph-based learning framework effectively integrates PET and MRI features for accurate AD stage distinction, showing significant promise for early detection and facilitating timely intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":" ","pages":"121510"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145258588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of brain activity sources of sympathovagal dynamics","authors":"Dario Milea,&nbsp;Vincenzo Catrambone,&nbsp;Gaetano Valenza","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121501","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121501","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Characterizing source brain activity in relation to peripheral neural-autonomic function is crucial in neuroscience research. Despite recent advances for estimating brain-heart interplay (BHI), the specific intracortical sources underlying this interaction remain poorly understood, and especially a non-invasive model to localize the brain source of cardiac autonomic functions is lacking. In an effort to estimate the joint intrinsic activity of central and autonomic systems, this study extends canonical EEG source localization by introducing a framework for brain source reconstruction of sympathovagal and vagal components. The proposed method integrates EEG and ECG-derived heart rate variability series within a low-resolution electromagnetic tomography framework and was validated using data from 26 healthy subjects undergoing a well-known sympathovagal elicitation paradigm – the cold pressor test – compared to the resting state. Experimental results demonstrate that accounting for heartbeat dynamics significantly alters source activation patterns, aligning coherently with current knowledge on central autonomic networks and BHI dynamics. The proposed method opens new avenues for research into the neural sources of autonomic functions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 121501"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The intrinsic connectivity between the default mode and dorsal attention networks is an independent fMRI biomarker of Alzheimer's disease pathology burden","authors":"Diego-Martin Lombardo ,&nbsp;Christian F Beckmann ,&nbsp;Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The mechanism of neurocognitive failure in Alzheimer's disease remains obscure. While the mainstream hypothesis in the field posits that brain tau pathology is the only process that drives cognitive decline in AD, other complementary mechanisms link vascular brain lesions with beta-amyloid pathology as an important factor leading to neurodegeneration. Recently, it was also proposed that the brain's network's functional imbalance could primarily drive cognitive decline in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we investigated whether the anticorrelation between the default mode (DMN) and dorsal attention networks (DAN) reveals different pathology burdens in the AD spectrum. We grouped individuals based on their PET amyloid and cognitive status. Using cross-validated regression models, we investigated whether cognitive impairment can be predicted based on rs-fMRI DMN-DAN anticorrelation. We found that the DMN-DAN anticorrelation differentiates between pathology burdens in AD, as quantified by PET amyloid imaging and cognitive performance. We found that an attenuated DMN-DAN anticorrelation predicted cognitive decline, which was controlled by sex, age, education, and brain tau pathology. Education level, measuring cognitive reserve, did not modulate the association between DMN-DAN anticorrelation and cognitive decline. We demonstrate that the attenuation of the anticorrelation between DMN and DAN is associated with a mechanism of cognitive dysfunction independent of tau pathology and proxies of resilience to cognitive decline or cognitive reserve. Our results also suggest the existence of an alternative mechanism of neurocognitive breakdown independent of advanced medial temporal cortex pathology and protective factors of cognitive decline, such as cognitive reserve.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 121509"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145252127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural signatures and personalized neuromodulation in a subject experiencing context-dependent inhibitory control deficits","authors":"Layth S. Mattar ,&nbsp;Shraddha Shah ,&nbsp;Lily S. Chamakura ,&nbsp;Denise Oswalt ,&nbsp;Yue Zhang ,&nbsp;Davin Devara ,&nbsp;Jung Uk Kang ,&nbsp;Zahra Jourahmad ,&nbsp;Ryan Jafri ,&nbsp;Geoffrey Liu ,&nbsp;Joshua Adkinson ,&nbsp;Isabel A. Danstrom ,&nbsp;Xiaoxu Fan ,&nbsp;Yvonne Y. Reed ,&nbsp;Kelly R. Bijanki ,&nbsp;Alica Goldman ,&nbsp;Lu Lin ,&nbsp;Vaishnav Krishnan ,&nbsp;Nicole R. Provenza ,&nbsp;Andrew J. Watrous ,&nbsp;Eleonora Bartoli","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ability to override prepotent actions is critical to control impulses and adjust behavior depending on goals and contextual needs. In this study, we investigate the inhibitory control abilities of a patient diagnosed with Klüver-Bucy Syndrome following a left temporal resection. The patient presented with disruptive hypersexuality symptoms akin to compulsions, leading to the inability to control and suppress inappropriate actions. The patient was recruited for the current research study while undergoing intracranial monitoring for epilepsy, to investigate the cognitive and neural processes underlying the patient’s inhibitory control symptoms. We formulated the hypothesis that a reactive inhibitory control deficit emerges in response to provocative triggers, and we designed a personalized paradigm pairing arousing images with a classic inhibitory control task. We not only confirmed disrupted performance following exposure to triggering, provocative material, but we also leveraged the simultaneously recorded neural data to identify a biomarker reflecting inhibitory control failures. Next, we repeated the experimental paradigm during and after personalized neuromodulation via direct high-frequency stimulation of the right inferior frontal cortex. The patient displayed a marked improvement in his behavior during neuromodulation, mirrored by changes in neural activity, spanning spectral features, event-related potentials and functional connectivity. Altogether, our study revealed that the patient’s symptoms were not due to a global inhibition deficit, but to a specific control issue triggered by exposure to provocative material. Overall, our work showcases a feasible, effective approach towards data-driven personalized neuromodulation, which could be leveraged to mitigate specific inhibitory control deficits and potentially other symptoms of executive dysfunction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 121507"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145239448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"As apparent as real: alpha and beta bands desynchronization unveils apparent motion perception dynamics","authors":"Marcella Romeo ,&nbsp;Francesca Genovese ,&nbsp;Monica Betta ,&nbsp;Alice Rossi Sebastiano ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Teresi ,&nbsp;Nicoletta Scanferlato ,&nbsp;Corrado Sinigaglia ,&nbsp;Emiliano Ricciardi ,&nbsp;Francesca Garbarini","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is well-known that real motion observation engages sensorimotor processes, so that when biological motion is presented, greater activation of the sensorimotor systems is measured in the observer compared to when non-biological motion is displayed. However, it remains unclear whether apparent motion, perceived from sequences of static images, relies on a similar neural mechanism. A typical blueprint of human action observation is illustrated by the electrophysiological recording of mu rhythm desynchronization, i.e., a power drop in alpha and beta frequency bands over sensorimotor cortices. In this study, by exploiting electroencephalography, we investigated whether apparent motion induces mu rhythm desynchronization when biological (but not non-biological) agents are observed, as usually recorded during real motion observation. Participants observed apparent rotations performed by biological (human hands) or non-biological (pseudo-hands) agents and reported the perceived direction of such rotations. In line with previous findings, our psychophysical results confirmed that only biological stimuli showed a preferential perceived direction of the rotation, compatible with biomechanical constraints that rule real movements. Electrophysiological data revealed significant mu desynchronization, with significantly greater drop for biological than non-biological agents. Taken together, our results suggest that apparent and real motion, when biological agents are involved, induce a similar motor resonance, as if the (real or apparent) action were performed rather than merely observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 121504"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145233022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal changes in late-life brain health after prenatal exposure to the Dutch famine","authors":"A Boots ,&nbsp;A Schrantee ,&nbsp;B E Padrela ,&nbsp;A M Wiegersma ,&nbsp;J S Damoiseaux ,&nbsp;H J M M Mutsaerts ,&nbsp;L Lorenzini ,&nbsp;T J Roseboom ,&nbsp;S R de Rooij","doi":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuroimage.2025.121505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The consequences of harmful prenatal exposures for brain health may last a lifetime. Previous studies showed smaller adult brain volumes and altered perfusion at age 68 after prenatal famine exposure, particularly in men. To investigate whether the previously observed effects reflect persistent developmental effects or accelerated brain aging, we here studied longitudinal changes in brain volumes, white matter integrity, white matter hyperintensities and perfusion between ages 68 and 74 in individuals exposed and unexposed to famine in early gestation.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Brain MRI scans were obtained at age 68 (n = 118; 41 exposed to famine in early gestation) and 74 (n = 81; 25 exposed) in participants of the Dutch famine birth cohort (total n = 129, longitudinal n = 70; 23 exposed). We assessed longitudinal change in brain volumes (T1w), white matter hyperintensities (FLAIR), white matter integrity (DTI) and cerebral blood flow (ASL) between those exposed in early gestation and those unexposed (born before or conceived after the famine).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In longitudinal models, aging-related changes were observed between ages 68 and 74. We observed significantly smaller brain volumes in exposed compared to unexposed men, and alterations in cerebral blood flow in both exposed men and women compared to unexposed individuals. We observed no group differences in rate of brain health changes over time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results support prenatal famine exposure affecting brain structure and perfusion across the lifespan. The absence of group differences in rate of change over time supports a hypothesis of persistent developmental effects rather than accelerated brain aging after prenatal famine exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19299,"journal":{"name":"NeuroImage","volume":"321 ","pages":"Article 121505"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}