Violence: An International Journal最新文献_第6页

Sound prisoners: The case of the Saydnaya prison in Syria 健全囚犯:叙利亚赛德纳亚监狱的案例

Violence: An International Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/2633002420945711

Maria Ristani

{"title":"Sound prisoners: The case of the Saydnaya prison in Syria","authors":"Maria Ristani","doi":"10.1177/2633002420945711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2633002420945711","url":null,"abstract":"This article seeks to explore the manifold ways in which carceral violence and acoustics intermingle, as manifested in the case of the military prison of Saydnaya—an infamous, state-run torture jail in Syria. As revealed by survivors’ ear-testimonies and by the recent digital reconstruction of the prison’s interior (available on the Amnesty International website), sound seems integral to the dynamics of power at play in the Syrian prison. A great part of the violence committed there is acoustic, one that is meticulously based on defining properties of the aural experience. Sonic weaponization in Saydnaya has not been much addressed in the existing academic literature, except for discussions of its extreme silencing tactics, which this study intends to complement by a further inquiry into the sound/silence interchange in the Syrian prison, as well as into the ways in which the listening mode per se is turned into a mechanism of surveillance and torture, and also (paradoxically enough) of re-action and survival. To explore these issues, I draw upon existing theoretical perspectives on sound, silence, and listening per se—all measured against the actual backdrop of the Syrian prison. Herein, Saydnaya is theorized as an acoustically surveilled place of extreme listening and deliberate partial sensory deprivation, of weaponized silence and acousmatic violence, that is, a violence whose sound has no visually identifiable cause. Such practices form no exceptional case; Saydnaya rather joins, in this light, the sadly endless list of sonic warfare cases—the dark history of sound—as this has been recently brought to light by a number of critical sound theorists drawing attention to sonic weaponry, and more specifically to the all-powerful acoustics of incarceration. This study relies on ex-prisoners’ aural testimonies as published in Amnesty International Reports and not on self-conducted primary research, and thus many of the points raised here retain the character of hypotheses, pointing to directions of further research that may fully test them out.","PeriodicalId":192856,"journal":{"name":"Violence: An International Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114977894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Stathis Kalyvas on 20 years of studying political violence Stathis Kalyvas研究了20年的政治暴力

Violence: An International Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/2633002420972955

S. Kalyvas, S. Straus

引用次数: 9

Perpetrating violence in intimate relationships as a gendering practice: An ethnographic study on domestic violence perpetrators in France and Italy 亲密关系中的暴力行为作为一种性别实践:法国和意大利家庭暴力施暴者的民族志研究

Violence: An International Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/2633002420962274

Cristina Oddone

{"title":"Perpetrating violence in intimate relationships as a gendering practice: An ethnographic study on domestic violence perpetrators in France and Italy","authors":"Cristina Oddone","doi":"10.1177/2633002420962274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2633002420962274","url":null,"abstract":"Based on an ethnographic research on perpetrator programs in France and Italy, this article aims at analyzing men’s accounts of intimate partner violence in heterosexual relationships. Whether perpetrators explain their violence (1) as a trivial fact, (2) as a reaction to their partner’s behavior, or (3) as a temporary and exceptional loss of control, these adult heterosexual men refer to a “natural” gender order and to heteronormative representations of women and men. In particular, these violent acts against female partners seem to be employed as (4) strategic performances to “save face” and achieve a hegemonic model of masculinity. Situated in the tension between norm and deviance, the perpetration of domestic violence can be framed as a gendering practice: through the performance of abusive acts against women in the context of intimate relationships, perpetrators attempt to situate themselves in the wide spectrum of masculinities and in its internal hierarchy. The study of men’s perception and experience of violence perpetration leads to overcome the binary conception of intimate partner violence that opposes men and women.","PeriodicalId":192856,"journal":{"name":"Violence: An International Journal","volume":"134 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116625674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

On photographing the legacies of violence: A conversation with Jo Ractliffe 关于拍摄暴力的遗产:与乔·拉特利夫的对话

Violence: An International Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/1357034x20970733

J. Ractliffe, S. Straus, C. Groult

引用次数: 0

Listening to survive: Classical music and conflict in the musico-literary novel 聆听生存:音乐文学小说中的古典音乐与冲突

Violence: An International Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/2633002420942778

Katie Harling-Lee

{"title":"Listening to survive: Classical music and conflict in the musico-literary novel","authors":"Katie Harling-Lee","doi":"10.1177/2633002420942778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2633002420942778","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the possibility that Western classical music might be used as a source of hope for a post-conflict future by considering a literary depiction of music and conflict resolution. As a case study, Steven Galloway’s The Cellist of Sarajevo is identified as a “musico-literary novel,” and established within the framework of Stephen Benson’s “literary music” and Hazel Smith’s methodological development of musico-literary studies through extended interdisciplinarity. The novel features three Sarajevan citizens who hear a cellist play in the rubble-strewn streets, and their music-listening experiences motivate them to work toward a post-conflict future. To consider the potential insights and blind spots surrounding ideas about music’s potential power in this narrative, the soundscape of the novel is identified to establish the significance of sound, music, and active listening in the text; parallels are highlighted between the ending of The Cellist of Sarajevo and Michael Walzer’s Just and Unjust Wars, revealing music as an active moral force; and similarities between Galloway’s novel and Craig Robertson’s “Music and conflict transformation in Bosnia” are illustrated, demonstrating how interdisciplinary analysis of a musico-literary novel can offer a valid contribution to discussions surrounding the use of music to exit violence.","PeriodicalId":192856,"journal":{"name":"Violence: An International Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126974538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Violence and value in the migratory passage through Central America: The Cadereyta massacre (2012) and the struggle to have the bodies returned 穿越中美洲的移民通道中的暴力和价值:卡德雷塔大屠杀(2012)和争取尸体返回的斗争

Violence: An International Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/2633002420970965

S. Araya

{"title":"Violence and value in the migratory passage through Central America: The Cadereyta massacre (2012) and the struggle to have the bodies returned","authors":"S. Araya","doi":"10.1177/2633002420970965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2633002420970965","url":null,"abstract":"This article shows the relationships laden with violence within the dynamics of cross-border mobility from the history of nine Hondurans and their grieving families. The case occurs in the broader context of the crude contemporary production of the Central America–Mexico migratory corridor, as well as the different forms of conflict that emerge around it. This context is marked by a logic of terror and death that becomes a structuring condition of the contemporary dispute for space, especially in the border areas, among diverse actors that include the state, organized crime, and migratory movements. In this transnational field, the dispute for space, rather than for the control of a perimeter territory, takes place around the control of certain specific circulation dynamics that are vertebral in the regional configuration of the capitalist global model: the movement of people and goods. These complex and dynamic territorialization processes are taking place along with the dynamic configuration of sovereignty, in which the operation of organized crime, migratory mobility, and the processes of formation of the state define a field of power characterized by a logic of war.","PeriodicalId":192856,"journal":{"name":"Violence: An International Journal","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127148836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The Shatila soundscape: Sound cultures, practices, and perceptions in a refugee camp in Lebanon 沙提拉音景:黎巴嫩难民营的声音文化、实践和观念

Violence: An International Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/2633002420961399

N. Puig

{"title":"The Shatila soundscape: Sound cultures, practices, and perceptions in a refugee camp in Lebanon","authors":"N. Puig","doi":"10.1177/2633002420961399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2633002420961399","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses certain key questions about the history, memory, and dynamics of belonging in Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon based on the sound culture of their inhabitants. What can the musical content, in particular, and the sound environment, in general, generated by the neighborhood, the birds, and the scooters circulating in the narrow alleys, tell us about life in one of those camps and about the daily lives of a national group placed on the margins of citizenship for over 70 years? Taking the example of the Shatila refugee camp in Beirut, the following three dimensions of this sound culture are examined: the discourses on the community and its spaces in musical production (singing about the camp); sound practices inside the camp (sonorizing the camp); and finally, the description of the camp and its surroundings by its residents through sound journeys (listening to the camp). The analysis is first based on the content of songs in order to describe what music expresses about life in the refugee camps. It then moves on to examine the ordinary sound practices which contribute to the unique character of Shatila and its surrounding areas, such as the commercial district of Sabra. Third, perceptions of the spaces by the residents are described using the method of sound journeys (using the “Mics in the ears” procedure). Finally, it turns out that sound practices give the refugee camp—which over time has turned into a poor cosmopolitan district—a specific identity, and they contribute to establishing a familiarity with the spaces while nonetheless creating boundaries between the groups. These practices fulfill the needs of all the inhabitants to act in and upon the space where they live, this urban margin where they have been “confined” for a long time.","PeriodicalId":192856,"journal":{"name":"Violence: An International Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133558745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Echoic survivals: Re-documenting pre-1975 Vietnamese music as historical sound/tracks of re-membering 回声的幸存:重新记录1975年以前的越南音乐，作为历史的声音/记忆的轨道

Violence: An International Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/2633002420951573

Kathy Nguyen

{"title":"Echoic survivals: Re-documenting pre-1975 Vietnamese music as historical sound/tracks of re-membering","authors":"Kathy Nguyen","doi":"10.1177/2633002420951573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/2633002420951573","url":null,"abstract":"Following the contested fall of Sài Gòn in 1975, several South Vietnamese veterans found their existence and contributions during the Việt Nam War erased. Even after 45 years of diasporic displacement, or what I refer to as the involuntary and forceful exilic removal and geographical scattering of a group due to political turnover and turmoil, the histories, stories, and legacies of South Việt Nam and the Republic of Việt Nam have largely been forgotten in the present and political landscapes of both postwar Việt Nam and the United States. Based on what I describe as a diasporic re-reading of the lyrics and re-listening of selective pre-1975 Vietnamese music, this article explores the enduring corpus of musical sounds in nhạc vàng, or pre-1975 yellow music, specifically songs that focus on war and người lính (“soldiers”). By examining its historical and spatial trajectories, I argue that Vietnamese music can be heard and described as historical sources, much of which has been overlooked in the West, that document the many erased and discounted experiences, stories, and peril of South Vietnamese veterans. As I argue, diasporic sounds echoed in Vietnamese music are crucial to understanding the history and continued peril of South Vietnamese veterans in the current geopolitical landscape. The following analysis shows that Vietnamese music contextually becomes a diasporic source for re-membering the disremembered, the forgotten, and the silenced. Vietnamese music shifts from modern music to diasporic sounds of war remembrance and loss that underscore their continued postwar plight. In this essay, I also interviewed a South Vietnamese veteran. For him, music becomes a mode of survival, representing the unfading nostalgia and memories of the Việt Nam War.","PeriodicalId":192856,"journal":{"name":"Violence: An International Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125812931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Making music in exile and fighting border violence 在流亡中创作音乐，对抗边境暴力

Violence: An International Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/2633002420958712

Émilie Da Lage, Beshwar Hassan

引用次数: 0

Sounds of survival, weaponization of sounds: Exploring sonic lieux de mémoire 生存的声音，声音的武器化:探索音速中尉de msammoire

Violence: An International Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/2633002420976479

Luis Velasco-Pufleau, L. Atlani-Duault

引用次数: 0