Neuropsychologia最新文献

{"title":"From MRIcro to MRIcron: The evolution of neuroimaging visualization tools","authors":"Christopher Rorden","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Visualization software is a critical component at every stage of neuroimaging research. It enables researchers to inspect raw or processed datasets for artifacts, to identify anomalies, to verify the accuracy of automated processing, and to interpret the location of statistical results within the complex structure of the human brain. Since 2006, MRIcron has provided a free, open-source, cross-platform tool designed to meet these needs. Despite its minimal system requirements, MRIcron supports various popular neuroimaging file formats, ensuring compatibility with widely-used tools in the field, such as SPM, FreeSurfer, FSL, and AFNI.</div><div>The intuitive graphical interface allows for straightforward image visualization and manipulation, while its advanced features such as lesion drawing and ability to handle many image formats cater to more sophisticated analyses. Furthermore, MRIcron's scripting capabilities enable users to automate complex workflows, facilitating the efficient processing of large datasets.</div><div>In summary, MRIcron is a powerful and versatile tool that addresses the visualization and analysis needs of the neuroimaging community, contributing to the advancement of brain research by providing a reliable and efficient solution for brain imaging analysis. This article describes the development of MRIcron, from its inception to the present day.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109067"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142952338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prefrontal dimension change-related activation differs for visual search in sparse and dense displays","authors":"Nico Marek ,&nbsp;Ninja K. Horr ,&nbsp;Dragan Rangelov ,&nbsp;Stefan Pollmann","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.109065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.109065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Changes of the target-defining feature dimension have previously been shown to elicit anterior prefrontal activation increases. In the majority of studies, this change-related activation was observed in the left lateral frontopolar cortex. In at least one study, however, right anterior prefrontal activation was observed. Unlike previous work which typically used dense visual displays, the latter study employed sparse displays. Display density is known to affect search efficiency, such that dense displays give rise to efficient and sparse displays give rise to inefficient search. We reasoned that different neural processes might be involved in eliciting attentional dimension changes in efficient and inefficient search, so that variation of display density would change the laterality of dimension change-related activation in the anterior prefrontal cortex. We found that changes in the target-defining feature dimension selectively elicited right frontopolar activation during search in sparse displays, but not during search in dense displays, whereas the reverse pattern was observed in left frontopolar cortex. Our results demonstrate that different neural processes are at work during search in sparse and dense displays, resolving an apparent discrepancy in reported dimension change-related activation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109065"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142922179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical and behavioral correlates of alexia in primary progressive aphasia and Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Aaron M. Meyer ,&nbsp;Sarah F. Snider ,&nbsp;Andreia V. Faria ,&nbsp;Donna C. Tippett ,&nbsp;Ryan Saloma ,&nbsp;Peter E. Turkeltaub ,&nbsp;Argye E. Hillis ,&nbsp;Rhonda B. Friedman","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The underlying causes of reading impairment in neurodegenerative disease are not well understood. The current study seeks to determine the causes of surface alexia and phonological alexia in primary progressive aphasia (PPA) and typical (amnestic) Alzheimer's disease (AD). Participants included 24 with the logopenic variant (lvPPA), 17 with the nonfluent/agrammatic variant (nfvPPA), 12 with the semantic variant (svPPA), 19 with unclassifiable PPA (uPPA), and 16 with AD. Measures of Surface Alexia and Phonological Alexia were computed by subtracting control-condition word reading accuracy from irregular word reading and pseudoword reading accuracy, respectively. Cases of Surface Alexia were common in svPPA, lvPPA, uPPA, and AD, but not in nfvPPA. At the subgroup level, average Surface Alexia was significantly higher in svPPA, lvPPA, and uPPA, compared to unimpaired age-matched controls. Cases of Phonological Alexia were common in nfvPPA, lvPPA, and uPPA, and average Phonological Alexia was significantly higher in these subgroups, compared to unimpaired age-matched controls. Behavioral regression results indicated that Surface Alexia can be predicted by impairment in the lexical-semantic processing of nouns, suggesting that a lexical-semantic deficit is required for the development of surface alexia, while cortical volume regression results indicated that Surface Alexia can be predicted by reduced volume in the left Superior Temporal Pole, which has been associated with conceptual-semantic processing. Behavioral regression results indicated that Phonological Alexia can be predicted by impairment on Pseudoword Repetition, suggesting that this type of reading difficulty may be due to impaired phonological processing. The cortical volume regression results suggested that Phonological Alexia can be predicted by reduced volume within the left Inferior Temporal Gyrus and the left Angular Gyrus, areas that are associated with lexical-semantic processing and phonological processing, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109066"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attentional modulation of peripheral pointing hypometria in healthy participants: An insight into optic ataxia?","authors":"Tristan Jurkiewicz ,&nbsp;Audrey Vialatte ,&nbsp;Yaffa Yeshurun ,&nbsp;Laure Pisella","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Damage to the superior parietal lobule and intraparietal sulcus (SPL-IPS) causes optic ataxia (OA), characterized by pathological gaze-centered hypometric pointing to targets in the affected peripheral visual field. The SPL-IPS is also involved in covert attention. Here, we investigated the possible link between attention and action. This study investigated the effect of attention on pointing performance in healthy participants and two OA patients.</div><div>In invalid trials, targets appeared unpredictably across different visual fields and eccentricities. Valid trials involved cued targets at specific locations. The first experiment used a central cue with 75% validity, the second used a peripheral cue with 50% validity. The effect of attention on pointing variability (noise) or time was expected as a confirmation of cueing efficiency. Critically, if OA reflects an attentional deficit, then healthy participants, in the invalid condition (without attention), were expected to produce the gaze-centered hypometric pointing bias characteristic of OA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>revealed main effects of validity on pointing biases in all participants with central predictive cueing, but not with peripheral low predictive cueing. This suggests that the typical underestimation of visual eccentricity in OA (visual field effect) at least partially results from impaired endogenous attention orientation toward the affected visual field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 109084"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143075154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining experienced lateralization of sounds over headphones with electroencephalography","authors":"Billy Gerdfeldter,&nbsp;Mingailė Greičiūtė,&nbsp;Stefan Wiens","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.109064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.109064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the search for the neural correlates of auditory consciousness, a candidate has been found using electroencephalography: the auditory awareness negativity (AAN). Earlier studies have investigated the AAN in response to lateralized sound. With headphones, there is a clear lateralization of AAN when two auditory lateralization cues are combined: the interaural level difference (ILD) and interaural time difference (ITD). To separate the contribution of these cues to a lateralized AAN, we tested three stimulus conditions with headphones: A combination of ILD and ITD, solely ITD, and monaural stimulation. Results suggest that ILD and ITD are required in conjunction for a lateralized AAN, and neither ITD nor monaural stimulation can yield a lateralized AAN. These results suggest that event-related potentials may be limited in measuring the lateralization of the neural correlates of auditory consciousness to lateralized sounds, depending on auditory cues and acoustic environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109064"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142915432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Construction and use of mental models: Organizing principles for the science of brain and mind","authors":"John Duncan","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.109062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.109062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As an organizing framework for questions of mind and brain, I discuss how the brain builds and uses mental models. Mental models provide a complex, structured description of some situation in the world. The role of perception is to build such a model for the current environment; knowledge provides many of the building blocks; in episodic memory, a previous model is reinstated; in cognitive control, the model dictates a choice of action. A model, I suggest, is a compositional, whole brain state, combining information from multiple specialised brain systems into a structured description of entities in the model and their roles and relationships. The default mode network may play an organizational role as parts of a model are combined into a broader whole. The model combines an active attentional foreground with a more extensive, latent background. Foreground is based on active neural firing, orchestrated by the brain's multiple demand network. Background may also include low-intensity neural activity, but with a substantial contribution from both faster and slower aspects of synaptic change. Interplay between foreground and background underlies core aspects of cognition, including cognitive control, problem solving, abstraction, and learning. Together, these proposals suggest how integrated, whole-brain functions build mental models, providing a unifying framework for the diverse concerns of cognitive neuroscience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109062"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal electrical brain responses to time deviance in beat deafness","authors":"Véronique Martel ,&nbsp;Isabelle Peretz","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.109060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.109060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Humans have the spontaneous capacity to track the beat of music. Yet some individuals show marked difficulties. To investigate the neural correlates of this condition known as beat deafness, the cortical electric activity of ten beat-deaf adults, the largest cohort studied so far, as well as of 14 matched controls (Experiment 2), and 16 university students (Experiment 1) were examined. All were actively engaged in detecting anisochronous time-deviants in otherwise isochronous, metronome-like, sequences. As expected, participants with beat-deafness performed more poorly than controls; this behavioral impairment was accompanied by a reduced P300 component at the neurophysiological level, yet with intact N200. Additionally, the MMN following task-irrelevant intensity-deviants was not different between groups. Together the results suggest normal auditory predictions regarding upcoming tones but unreliable access to its representations. These results mirror the findings with pitch deviants in the pitch-based form of congenital amusia and provide a similar neural signature of the disorder on the pitch and time dimension.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142792150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tennis experience impacts time estimation within different timing processes: An ERP study","authors":"Hongjie Tang ,&nbsp;Zhongqi Zhao ,&nbsp;Liyue Lin ,&nbsp;Shuying Chen ,&nbsp;Huixin Han ,&nbsp;Xinhong Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.109059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.109059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Elite tennis players demonstrate an outstanding ability to predict the timing of their shots during matches, especially during prolonged rallies. Exploring the characteristics of this temporal perception advantage and its cognitive processing mechanisms may help explain the influence of sports experience on temporal perception abilities. We recruited 28 tennis athletes and 28 controls with no sports experience and measured their behavioral performance and brain neural activity characteristics using a time-to-contact paradigm under different temporal context conditions. The results indicated that in the time estimation task, tennis athletes had significantly smaller absolute bias and lower delayed response ratios than non-athlete controls. Performance of both groups in the timing task without a beat context was significantly better than that with a rhythmic context. During the timing process, the amplitude of the contingent negative variation (CNV) was most closely associated with the processing of temporal information, where tennis athletes were significantly greater than that of non-athletes. The CNV amplitude induced in the left brain area was significantly smaller than that in the midline brain area and the right brain area. Overall, we found that tennis players showed a distinct advantage in timing accuracy, characterized by earlier prediction preparation and higher utilization of temporal information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 109059"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semantic memory space becomes denser with age","authors":"Rebecca A. Cutler,&nbsp;Soroush Mirjalili,&nbsp;Priscilla Pham,&nbsp;Hita Devulapalli,&nbsp;Sabuhee Zafar,&nbsp;Audrey Duarte","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Semantic memory, a repository for concepts and factual information, plays a vital role in acquiring and retrieving knowledge. This study explores the impact of age-related knowledge accumulation on semantic cognition, investigating whether a denser representational space affects retrieval processes. Using a semantic feature verification task, we employ both behavioral (reaction time; RT) and neurophysiological (event-related potential; ERP) measures to explore these dynamics across young and older adults. Findings revealed an age-related RT difference in retrieval of semantically incongruent features, indicative of increased semantic search demands with age. ERP results show attenuated N400 responses in older adults for congruent features, possibly reflecting increased semantic relatedness. The late frontal effect (LFE) shows sustained modulation in older adults, indicative of enhanced post-retrieval monitoring. We propose that this extended search through semantic memory reflects an increase in the number of features to evaluate. These results support the idea that aging leads to a more densely packed semantic space, impacting the speed and dynamics of semantic retrieval.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 109083"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective memory performance and its resting-state functional connectivity correlates in individuals with memory complaints","authors":"Gulcan Ozturk ,&nbsp;Emre Hari ,&nbsp;Kardelen Yildirim ,&nbsp;Ali Bayram ,&nbsp;Zerrin Yildirim ,&nbsp;Tamer Demiralp ,&nbsp;Hakan Gurvit","doi":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2025.109082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate prospective memory (PM) in patients with memory complaints but without dementia (PWD) and correlate findings with resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) alterations. We hypothesized that PM impairment would be evident at a certain relatively early point in the continuum and specific rsFC patterns would be the neuroimaging signature of this impairment.</div><div>Sixty PWD participated in the study. The Memory Screening Test for Intentions and the Virtual Week were used to assess PM. Using the participants' PM scores as a regressor, the rsFC for PM was analyzed by Network-Based Statistics (NBS). Participants were divided into high and low PM groups (HPMG, LPMG) according to their PM scores and then their neuropsychological scores, rsFC patterns, and CSF biomarker levels were compared. The effect of education on the relationship between connectivity and CSF Aβ₄₂ level was examined by moderation analysis.</div><div>Compared with HPMG, LPMG was impaired in both event- and time-based PM tasks, but the difference was more distinct in the event-based ones. While HPMG was more successful in event-based tasks than time-based ones, LPMG was not. As a result of NBS analysis, the middle frontal gyrus (MFG), supramarginal gyrus (SMG), and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) were determined as central seeds. The HPMG's performance and connectivity were higher for most comparisons but had lower CSF Aβ₄₂ than LPMG and therefore was closer to the positivity threshold. When the education level was at the mean and above, there was a negative correlation between CSF Aβ₄₂ level and overall connectivity.</div><div>The connectivities of MFG, SMG, and ACC play an important role in PM performance in the PWD. In more advanced PM impairment, the impairment of spontaneous processes is more prominent. At the onset of amyloidosis, the cognitive reserve may compensate for cognitive impairment by increasing connectivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19279,"journal":{"name":"Neuropsychologia","volume":"208 ","pages":"Article 109082"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143040628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}