Neurosurgery最新文献

{"title":"The Blaming of the Screw: A Cautionary Tale of Innovation, Regulation, and Mass Tort in Spine Surgery.","authors":"Daniel I Wolfson, Harel Deutsch, Christopher J DeWald, Ricardo B V Fontes, John E O'Toole, Vincent C Traynelis, Richard G Fessler","doi":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003973","DOIUrl":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 1990s pedicle screw litigation saga was a pivotal clash between medical innovation, regulatory oversight, and legal accountability. The controversy arose from the widespread use of pedicle screws, which became a standard practice despite lacking explicit Food and Drug Administration approval for spinal applications. This regulatory ambiguity was ignited by a 1993 ABC 20/20 segment that triggered an avalanche of mass tort litigation. This article dissects the landmark legal battle, analyzing the Food and Drug Administration's slow reclassification and the contrasting strategies of key industry players, AcroMed and Sofamor Danek. We evaluate the lasting impact on legal precedents, clinical practice around off-label use, and the regulatory pathways for new devices. This history offers a cautionary tale on the tension between legal accountability and innovation, with enduring relevance for today's debates on medical regulation and patient rights.</p>","PeriodicalId":19276,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1231-1242"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147290607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Transformative Power of Free Online Media in Neurosurgical Education.","authors":"Wesley Peng, Naya Melvani, Esha Saraswat, Adam T Eberle, Joshua S Catapano, Anna L Huguenard, Redi Rahmani, Michael T Lawton","doi":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003979","DOIUrl":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003979","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In an era in which digital connectivity transcends geographical borders, multimedia platforms can affect neurosurgical education on a global scale. Multimedia educational programs are reaching neurosurgeons worldwide, exposing them to complex cases and novel techniques that they might not otherwise see. After collecting analytical data on engagement with Barrow Neurological Institute's Barrow Live Surgery, Neurosurgery Base Camp, and Seven Series, as well as its educational posts published on the social media platforms YouTube, Instagram, and X, a survey was developed to measure the effect of each program on viewer confidence and knowledge. Data from academic institutions with active neurosurgical multimedia channels (>30 000 impressions) were used as a comparator. Statistical tests were conducted using R (version 4.3.2) with significance defined as P < .05. Between October 23, 2020, and July 18, 2024, Barrow Neurological Institute's educational material had 1 906 197 views and 21 754 hours of total watch time, reaching more than 30 low- and middle-income countries. Barrow Neurological Institute had the most impressions and the highest impression-to-subscriber ratio among comparable institutions. Viewers preferred engaging with videos in a continuous series rather than with segmented episodes. Forty-nine percent of survey respondents resided outside the United States, and 26% were from low- and middle-income countries. Based on a 10-point Likert scale, median confidence in treating complex cases increased from 1 to 4 ( P < .001) and confidence in recognizing disease pathophysiology increased from 2.5 to 5.5 ( P < .001). Our results suggest that free online media can democratize access to advanced neurosurgical education, especially in areas with limited access to specialized training.</p>","PeriodicalId":19276,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"e63-e70"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147390716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stereotactic Radiosurgery Dose Reduction for Patients With Brain Metastases From Non-Small Cell Lung Primary on Immunotherapy or Targeted Therapy.","authors":"Jared H Chung, Salem M Tos, Georgios Mantziaris, Yuki Shinya, Bardia Hajikarimloo, Jack Guiry, Abhinav Kareddy, Tanvika Vegiraju, Edward Llinas, David Penberthy, Zhiyuan Xu, Ryan Gentzler, Camilo Fadul, Jason P Sheehan","doi":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003961","DOIUrl":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Lung cancer is the most common primary neoplasm that metastasizes to the brain. Although stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) using American Society for Radiation Oncology guideline-suggested doses improves local control, it may increase adverse radiation events (AREs). This study evaluates whether reduced SRS doses can achieve comparable local control while minimizing toxicity in patients with brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) primary receiving concurrent systemic therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective study of 264 patients with 1390 metastases from lung primary treated with SRS between December 2015 and January 2025. Of these, 82 patients with 433 metastases had NSCLC and received concurrent systemic therapy, defined as immunotherapy or targeted therapy within 30 days of SRS. Propensity score matching identified 38 patients with 93 metastases in the higher-dose (HD) group (20-24 Gy for <2 cm, 18 Gy for ≥2 to <3 cm) and 42 patients with 93 metastases in the reduced-dose (RD) group (<20 Gy for <2 cm, <18 Gy for ≥2 to <3 cm).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Radiographic AREs, including perilesional edema and radiation necrosis, were significantly more common in the HD group than in the RD group (23.7% vs 10.8%, P = .020). Local control was noninferior in the RD group (94.6%) compared with the HD group (90.3%, P = .400). Cumulative progression at 1, 3, and 5 years remained comparable between the RD (13%, 15%, and 15%, respectively) and HD (7.2%, 10%, and 10%, respectively) groups ( P = .500).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the contemporary era, RD SRS delivered concurrently with immunotherapy or targeted therapy may lower AREs without compromising local control to treat NSCLC brain metastases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19276,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1115-1126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146165918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Outcomes After Endovascular Versus Open Surgical Approach for Treatment of Spinal Dural Arteriovenous Fistula.","authors":"Kathleen R Ran, Anthony Bishara, Yuanxuan Xia, Sumil K Nair, Atharv Oak, Mostafa Abdulrahim, Nicholas Theodore, Timothy F Witham, Ali Bydon, Daniel Lubelski, Christopher M Jackson, Justin M Caplan, Judy Huang, Philippe Gailloud, L Fernando Gonzalez, Rafael J Tamargo, Risheng Xu","doi":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003971","DOIUrl":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Treatment of symptomatic spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVF) reduces spinal cord injury and prevents irreversible neurological deficits. It remains unclear whether endovascular embolization vs open surgical treatment of SDAVF is associated with better neurological outcomes. We aimed to compare neurological outcomes between patients who underwent endovascular embolization vs open surgical treatment as primary treatment of SDAVF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients who underwent endovascular embolization or open surgical treatment as primary treatment of SDAVFs at our institution between 2012 and 2023 were retrospectively identified. The primary outcome assessed was neurological status measured using the Frankel grade and Nurick classification systems. Outcomes at final follow-up were compared with preintervention neurological status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 48 patients (63.8 ± 11.1 years, 75.0% men) met study inclusion criteria. Endovascular embolization was performed in 29 patients, and open surgical treatment was performed in 19 patients. Baseline neurological function was similar for both treatment groups. At final follow-up, similar rates of Frankel (20.7% vs 21.1%, P > .999) and Nurick grade (55.2% vs 57.9%, P > .999) improvement were observed in endovascular vs open surgical treatment groups. Patients who underwent endovascular embolization had a shorter hospital stay (3.1 ± 2.3 vs 5.3 ± 1.8 days; mean difference = 2.2 days, 95% CI 0.93-3.42, P = .001). Reintervention for symptomatic SDAVF was required for 3 (10.3%) patients who underwent endovascular embolization and 0 (0.0%) patients who underwent open surgical treatment ( P = .267).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both endovascular embolization and open surgical treatment significantly improved neurological symptoms among patients with SDAVF, and similar neurological outcomes were achieved at final follow-up. Although high recurrence rates have been reported with endovascular treatment, they may be similar to open surgery in the hands of experienced operators. Treatment selection should be guided by multidisciplinary discussion of patient-specific risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19276,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1172-1179"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146220535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cranioplasty Timing After Decompressive Craniectomy: A Meta-Analysis of 4703 Patients.","authors":"Diana Ochoa Hernandez, Flor Belen Villalobos Villalobos, Ruth Yael Martínez Hernández, Hazel Jocelyn Vázquez Hernández, Diego Pichardo-Rojas, Cristian J Palomino-Ojeda, Emilia Aguilera Fernandez, Anna Rizzo Zaldumbide, Pavel S Pichardo-Rojas, Jonathan A Grossberg, Gustavo Pradilla, Yoshua Esquenazi","doi":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003978","DOIUrl":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Cranioplasty (CP) is a critical neurosurgical intervention typically performed after decompressive craniectomy (DC). However, the optimal timing remains uncertain due to conflicting evidence and heterogeneous study designs. This pooled comparative meta-analysis aims to address this gap.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic search for studies reporting outcomes of patients who underwent primary DC followed by CP on September 2024. Ultra-early CP was defined as ≤35 days, early CP as ≤86 days, and late CP as >86 days after DC. Outcomes included functional recovery measured by various scales and procedure-related complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-eight studies (n = 4703) were included. Early CP was associated with improved functional outcomes: Karnofsky performance scale (mean difference [MD] 15.50, 95% CI [0.80, 31.80], P < .0001), Barthel Index (MD 13.10, 95% CI [0.24, 25.96], P = .01), functional independence measure (MD 11.23, 95% CI [7.61, 14.85], P < .00001), and activities of daily living (MD 13.65, 95% CI [1.44, 25.86], P = .03), compared with late CP. Other scales showed no significant differences. Overall complication rates did not differ between early and late CP (risk ratio 1.08, 95% CI [0.83, 1.41], P = .55), except for hydrocephalus, which was more common in early CP (risk ratio 1.58, 95% CI [1.07, 2.33], P = .02). No statistically significant differences in complication rates were observed for the ultra-early subgroup.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that early CP is associated with improved neurological function and greater daily independence, reflected by higher Karnofsky performance scale, Barthel Index, functional independence measure, and activities of daily living scores, without a significant increase in overall complication rates compared with late CP after DC. However, hydrocephalus appears more frequently after early CP. Standardized, multicenter prospective studies using consistent timing definitions are needed to refine individualized CP strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19276,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1000-1019"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147486861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Value of Inpatient Neuromodulation: A National Analysis of Paddle Spinal Cord Stimulation Outcomes.","authors":"Bhav Jain, Matthew Alexander Abikenari, Sina Sadeghzadeh, Aaryan Shah, Kelly H Yoo, Tej D Azad, Ummey Hani, John K Ratliff, Ashwin G Ramayya, Anand Veeravagu","doi":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003959","DOIUrl":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) effectively manages chronic pain and degenerative spine conditions. Paddle SCS often necessitates inpatient care because of surgical complexity, yet the impact of procedural setting on outcomes, costs, and disparities remains unclear. This study evaluates total costs, 90-day readmission and complication rates, and socioeconomic disparities in paddle SCS delivery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using Merative MarketScan data (2007-2023), we retrospectively identified adults undergoing initial paddle lead SCS implantation. Outcomes were total costs, 90-day readmission, and complication rates. Multivariable regression adjusted for age, sex, insurance, geographic region, surgery year, and Elixhauser comorbidity index. Propensity score matching minimized confounding, and longitudinal analyses assessed temporal outcome trends.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 13 704 patients, 89.4% underwent outpatient procedures. Inpatients had higher comorbidities (Elixhauser comorbidity index: 1.47 vs 0.55, P < .001). After propensity score matching, complication (4.76% vs 3.51%, P = .093) and readmission rates (16.54% vs 16.88%, P = .804) were similar between groups, but inpatient procedures incurred significantly higher costs (difference = $5341.15, P = .001). Over 17 years, readmissions declined from 18% to 5% (-0.76% annually, P < .001), complications decreased from 4% to 0% (-0.33% annually, P < .001), yet costs rose annually by $912 ( P < .001). Cost disparities were influenced by age (-$347/year, inpatient), insurance type ($10 940 higher for outpatient high-deductible plans), and region (North Central vs Northeast: -$13 505, inpatient). Readmissions varied by sex (female odds ratio [OR] = 1.206, outpatient), age (OR = 0.982/year, inpatient), and region (North Central OR = 0.506 vs Northeast). Southern inpatient patients had higher complication risks (OR = 3.878).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Outpatient paddle SCS demonstrates equivalent short-term safety at substantially lower cost for appropriately selected patients. Inpatient implantation remains appropriate for select higher-risk patients at the surgical team's discretion, and payer policies should consider preserving coverage across both settings when clinically indicated to ensure access and equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19276,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1105-1114"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146258691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Effectiveness of Venous Sinus Stenting and Ventricular Shunting for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A Phenotype-Stratified, Propensity-Matched Cohort Study.","authors":"S Farzad Maroufi, Pravarakhya Puppalla, Omkar Katkade, John N Theodore, Sai Chandan Reddy, Carlos Andres Aude, Ryan P Lee, Risheng Xu, Abhay R Moghekar, Ferdinand Hui, Mark G Luciano","doi":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003957","DOIUrl":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Venous sinus stenting (VSS) has emerged as an alternative treatment for selected idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) cases, but its comparative effectiveness and safety vs ventricular shunting (VS) remain uncertain. Given the heterogeneity of IIH, we hypothesized that outcomes differ by patient phenotype defined by obesity and visual disturbance at diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adults with IIH who underwent VSS or VS shunting were identified using TriNetX. Patients were stratified into 4 prespecified phenotypes: nonobese-visual-disturbance (NO-V), nonobese-no-visual-disturbance (NO-NV), obese-visual-disturbance (OV), and obese-no-visual-disturbance (ONV). Within each phenotype, 1:1 propensity score matching balanced baseline demographics, comorbidities, and laboratory parameters. Primary outcomes were persistent headache, papilledema, and visual disturbance within 24 months. Secondary outcomes included retreatment, head computed tomography use, and emergency department visits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After matching (NO-V = 69, NO-NV = 186, OV = 305, ONV = 440 per arm), cohorts were well balanced. In NO-NV, VS was associated with higher rates of headache (risk difference [RD]: 0.11, P = .049), visual disturbances (RD: 0.11, P = .010), and emergency department visits (RD: 0.15, P = .006). NO-V showed no primary outcome differences, although vestibular disorders were more common with shunts (RD: 0.15, P = .008). In OV, VS shunting was linked to higher rates of visual deficits (RD: 0.11, P = .045). Conversely, in ONV, shunting was associated with lower rates of papilledema (RD: -0.6, P = .024) and pulsatile tinnitus (RD: -0.5, P = .004) but increased headaches (RD: 0.12, P < .001). Across phenotypes, shunted patients had greater head computed tomography use and retreatment rates, while VSS patients more often required ongoing medical therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The comparative effectiveness of VSS and VS in IIH varies by phenotype. VSS appears preferable in nonobese patients without visual symptoms, whereas VS may better control papilledema in obese patients without visual disturbance. Both treatments show similar efficacy in patients with baseline visual impairment. These findings underscore the need for phenotype-guided, prospective trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":19276,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1092-1104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146165754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Voxel-Based Mapping of Seizure Risk in Meningioma Identifies the Frontoparietal Interface and Tumor Microenvironment as Key Predictors.","authors":"Aldo Spolaore, Sophie Wang, Mykola Gorbachuk, Kathrin Machetanz, Silke Ethofer, Marcos Tatagiba, Jürgen Honegger, Georgios Naros","doi":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003943","DOIUrl":"10.1227/neu.0000000000003943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Brain invasion (BINV) and peritumoral edema (PTBE) have repeatedly been implicated as major contributors to meningioma-related seizures (MRS). By contrast, the influence of the precise tumor location on seizure risk is still insufficiently characterized. In this study, we systematically investigated clinical and imaging-derived predictors of MRS, integrating them with spatial analyses using voxel-based lesion symptom mapping (VLSM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed clinical variables-including seizure history, histopathological subtype, World Health Organization (WHO) grade, BINV, and extent of resection-alongside MRI features such as PTBE, tumor dimensions, and anatomic location in a cohort of 532 meningioma patients. Significant predictors of MRS were identified using multivariate stepwise regression. These predictors were subsequently entered into a multivariate VLSM framework to determine their anatomic distribution.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 93 of 532 patients (17%) experienced seizures prior to surgery. BINV, PTBE, and tumor location emerged as independent predictors of preoperative MRS. VLSM revealed the frontoparietal transition zone (FPTZ) as the region most strongly associated with seizures linked to BINV, whereas PTBE predominantly predicted MRS in frontal convexity and sphenoid wing tumors. Although WHO grade and histological classification displayed distinct spatial patterns, neither was directly related to MRS. Postoperatively, persistent seizure activity occurred in 6% of patients, again implicating the FPTZ as a major risk region. Seizures associated with PTBE were more likely to resolve following tumor removal.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tumor-intrinsic characteristics such as histology, WHO grade, and lesion size play only a limited role in the development of MRS. Instead, BINV, PTBE, and the anatomic location of the meningioma are the principal determinants of seizure risk. Our findings underscore the FPTZ as a critical region linking tumor invasiveness, seizure generation, and postoperative seizure control.</p>","PeriodicalId":19276,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"1047-1058"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13645416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146143031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality-of-Life Outcomes in Adults and Children With Chiari 1 Malformation and in Those Managed Without Surgery: A Prospective, Multicenter, Observational Study: Corrigendum.","authors":"Rory J Piper, Fardad T Afshari, Wai C Soon, Edward W Dyson, Justyna Ekert, Michael D Cearns, Menaka Fry, Saeed Kayhanian, Matthew Boissaud-Cooke, Linda D'Antona, Daniel Thompson, Milo Hollingworth, Julie Woodfield, Hazel Sanghvi, Shivani Rajkumar, Susan I Honeyman, Aswin Chari, M Zubair Tahir, Shailendra Magdum, Graham Flint, Nicholas Haden, Angelos Kolias, Laurence Watkins, Rodney Laing, William B Lo, Jayaratnam Jayamohan","doi":"10.1227/neu.0000000000004224","DOIUrl":"10.1227/neu.0000000000004224","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19276,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"e76"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148840956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Reply: Clinical Outcomes of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Patients With Nicotine Dependence: A Longitudinal Study of 43,315 Patients.","authors":"Eric Feldstein, Ellen N Huhulea, Ankita Jain, Fawaz Al-Mufti","doi":"10.1227/neu.0000000000004206","DOIUrl":"10.1227/neu.0000000000004206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19276,"journal":{"name":"Neurosurgery","volume":" ","pages":"e74"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148945543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}