Nuclear Engineering and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Utilization of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration for the separation of SiO2 from boric acid solutions at nuclear power plants","authors":"Šárka Lásková,&nbsp;Thi Minh Do,&nbsp;Anna Sears,&nbsp;Pavel Kůs","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Even though the problem with an increasing SiO₂ concentration in the reactor cooling system (RCS) emerges at most nuclear power plants, no publications yet have focused on the separation of SiO₂ from solutions simulating RCS composition regarding boric acid (16 g/L) and silica concentrations (0–12 mg/L). Therefore, we examined the utilization of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration to separate SiO₂ from H₃BO₃ solutions simulating RCS composition to meet the operation limits of SiO₂ and to minimize additional costs for H₃BO₃ refill. The rejection of both H₃BO₃ and SiO₂ by reverse osmosis was generally high (&gt;90%). The maximal separation efficiency of SiO₂ from H₃BO₃ was achieved at low pH and high temperature and was 1.30. The rejection of H₃BO₃ by nanofiltration was around 20% and of SiO₂ around 80%. The highest separation efficiency was achieved at low pH and intermediate SiO₂ concentrations and was 2.23. To achieve the operation limits for SiO₂, a multi-stage nanofiltration system must be used for the solutions with intermediate and high SiO₂ concentrations. Nanofiltration is for the separation of SiO₂ from H₃BO₃ solutions more favorable than reverse osmosis, because of the higher separation efficiency of SiO₂ from H₃BO₃, and thus, lower H₃BO₃ loss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 7","pages":"Article 103528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of a PG-SPECT for boron concentration monitoring in BNCT at XJTU","authors":"Jingjing Fan ,&nbsp;Quanxu Jiang ,&nbsp;Yaocheng Hu ,&nbsp;Zheng Han ,&nbsp;Yuqi Dai ,&nbsp;Yongze Liu ,&nbsp;Kai Liu ,&nbsp;Taketani Atsushi ,&nbsp;Mingfei Yan ,&nbsp;Sheng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103499","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103499","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) has garnered significant attention in cancer treatment in recent years. As the efficacy of BNCT relies on the radiation dose deposited in the tumor region through the reaction of ¹⁰B(n, α) ⁷Li, the boron concentration monitoring within the cancer tissue is extremely important. In this study, we have proposed a Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) system by using 478 keV prompt gamma rays emitted from the reaction above for X-BNCT, which mainly consists of three groups of collimator and CZT detector arrays. Simultaneous Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (SART) and Maximum Likelihood-Expectation Maximization (ML-EM), as well as the convex set Adaptive Steepest Descent Projection Onto Convex Sets algorithm (ASD-POCS) were utilized to image reconstruction with projection data simulated by PHITS code for different types of tumor phantoms. The following conclusions were achieved: the highest reconstruction accuracy was obtained by ASD-POCS algorithm under 12 or 18 views, while ML-EM algorithm took much shorter reconstruction time; the tumors located at the depth of 7 cm under subcutaneous tissue can be satisfactorily reconstructed; an acquisition time of 240s was recommended to achieve compromise results in considering of image quality and treatment time under beam current of 20 mA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 7","pages":"Article 103499"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure characteristic and corrosion resistance of pressure resistance seal welded joint of clad tubes","authors":"Jian Lin ,&nbsp;Ziang Zhou ,&nbsp;Shuncheng Ji ,&nbsp;Zhandong Wan ,&nbsp;Li Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The zirconium alloy clad tube provides a protection and room for the nuclear reaction of fuel rods in the nuclear power plant. The clad tubes are usually sealed up by pressure resistance welding with the end plugs. The non-equilibrium physical metallurgy, caused by welding, often brings about a non-uniformity of microstructure and corrosion resistance in the zirconium alloy joint. In order to investigate the influence of the microstructure on the service performance of the welded joint corrosion experiments were designed and conducted by amplifying the mechanical and heat-affected zone in the joint, using a thermal and mechanical simulation machine. It was shown that the amplified sample had the similar microstructure and micro hardness with the mechanical and heat-affected zone. The corrosion rate of the mechanical and heat-affected zone was higher than that of the base metal of the clad tube. A heat treatment after welding was proposed to weaken the influence of microstructure difference on its corrosive resistance. It was shown that the corrosive resistance could be improved by modifying the microstructure appearance and the distribution of the second phase particles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 7","pages":"Article 103534"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation study of high-quality electron beam injector for external injection of laser plasma wakefield acceleration","authors":"Lanxin Liu ,&nbsp;Jianhua Zhong ,&nbsp;Jiabao Guan ,&nbsp;Zeyi Dai ,&nbsp;Guoxing Xia ,&nbsp;Jike Wang ,&nbsp;Yuancun Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) with external injection requires high-quality, ultra-short electron bunches, which can be produced by using a photocathode injector based on the room-temperature RF electron gun. In this paper, the physics design of such a photocathode injector system is discussed for two operating modes: low charge (10 pC) and high charge (50 pC). The front end of the injector was optimized by combining the beam dynamics simulation software ASTRA with the multi-objective genetic algorithm NSGA-II. The downstream section was simulated using CSRtrack and ASTRA to optimize the magnetic chicane and match the Twiss parameters. A slit collimator was inserted in the middle of the chicane to filter part of the electrons, and hence shorten the bunch length and reduce the relative energy spread. The obtained beam parameters meet the requirements for an external injection of the LWFA, where the electrons can be further accelerated from 100 MeV to 1.5 GeV. Such a photocathode injector combined with the LWFA has the potential to be applied in the accumulation injection of a 1.5 GeV storage ring at Wuhan Advanced Light Source.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 7","pages":"Article 103531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic behavior of duplex stainless steel with improved chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking resistance in drop scenarios for dry storage containers","authors":"Hyungyu Roh ,&nbsp;Ki-Wan Seo ,&nbsp;Chaewon Jeong ,&nbsp;Ji-Hye Kim ,&nbsp;No-Cheol Park ,&nbsp;Yun-Jae Kim ,&nbsp;Changheui Jang","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the safety and structural integrity enhancements in dry storage containers (DSCs) achieved using a novel duplex stainless steel with a composition of Fe-19Cr-4Ni-2.5Mo-4.5Mn, referred to as advanced duplex stainless steel for a canister of dry storage (ADCS). This material was developed to improve resistance to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking. The safety and structural integrity of DSCs utilizing ADCS and conventional austenitic stainless steel (ASS) were comparatively evaluated using finite element analysis based on detailed DSC models for vertical, oblique, and horizontal drops under accident scenarios, in accordance with International Atomic Energy Agency and U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission regulations. The results confirmed that ADCS significantly improved impact resistance and reduced plastic strain under impact conditions. Consequently, DSCs incorporating ADCS offer higher safety and reliability during both transportation and storage than those using conventional ASS. Furthermore, by leveraging these advantages of ADCS, DSCs can be made lighter while maintaining safety and structural integrity. Additionally, strain-based evaluations, consistent with ASME BPVC Sec. III Div. 3, demonstrated that higher margins could be achieved using ADCS where plastic deformation occurred. This highlights that ADCS is a promising material for ensuring greater structural integrity and safety in DSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 7","pages":"Article 103522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dosimetric and energy deposition evaluation of the dual-microcavity capsule structure for glioma 125I brachytherapy using Monte Carlo simulation","authors":"Dongjie Li ,&nbsp;Yu Liang ,&nbsp;Gang Yao ,&nbsp;Zhongbao Guan ,&nbsp;Weida Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brachytherapy has emerged as a primary approach for tumor treatment, and determining the dosimetric parameters of the radiation source is a critical step in radiation therapy, as recommended by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM). This study investigates a novel dual-cavity capsule for combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatment. Monte Carlo simulations were used to obtain the dosimetric parameters and energy deposition distribution of the dual-cavity structure within a water phantom. The simulation results were then compared with published data for other commercial ¹²⁵I seeds. The results show that the dose-rate constant for the dual-cavity capsule is (0.984 ± 0.020) cGy·h⁻¹U⁻¹, which aligns with values reported for other commercial ¹²⁵I seeds. The radial dose function and anisotropy function of the dual-cavity capsule generally match reference data for these seeds, though notable differences were observed at specific positions. When the source activity was set to 1 mCi, the dose rate at the center of the dual-cavity capsule was 12.40 cGy/h, compared to 13.07 cGy/h for a single-cavity structure containing only a radiotherapy channel, showing a dose rate difference of approximately 5 %. The presence of the chemotherapy channel caused a shift in the peak dose rate within the dual-cavity structure but had minimal effect on the overall radiotherapy dose distribution. The dual-cavity capsule demonstrates a high central dose rate, with a rapid dose fall-off toward the periphery. Due to structural and material modifications, the radial dose function and anisotropy function of the dual-cavity capsule deviate from the assumptions of the AAPM TG-43U1 formalism, indicating that the TG-43U1 two-dimensional dose-rate equations may not fully apply to this novel design. This study serves as a valuable reference for establishing spatial dosimetric parameters for the dual-cavity capsule structure in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 7","pages":"Article 103484"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-situ estimation of gamma-ray source location at a specific depth based on a coded-aperture gamma camera","authors":"Dukwoo Kim,&nbsp;Manhee Jeong","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coded-aperture gamma imager, EPSILON-G, was employed to swiftly identify gamma-ray sources in-situ. EPSILON-G is a device that gathers data using a detector module that integrates a GAGG(Ce) scintillator with a SiPM array and accurately locates gamma-ray sources through image reconstruction. To confirm its imaging capability and performance in-situ, the minimum count rate for imaging (MCI) was determined using MCNPX-PoliMi code simulations. Using the MCI, the minimum detectable activity (MDA) was calculated as representing the concentration at which surface radioactivity can be feasibly reconstructed in-situ. Additionally, a depth estimation method utilizing dual image acquisition was developed to identify radioactive materials at specific surface depths during radiological emergencies. This depth estimation method was theoretically proposed and validated through experiments with a¹³⁷Cs gamma-ray source. The MDA satisfying the MCI for soil standards was 3.663 Bq/g. In-situ depth estimation experiments using a sandbox enabled the depth to be estimated up to 24.9 ± 2.3 cm with the ¹³⁷Cs (3.5 MBq) source.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 7","pages":"Article 103483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of real-time path-based 3D dose rate mapping system","authors":"Dahui Kwack ,&nbsp;Pyeongwon Park ,&nbsp;Yongkwon Kim ,&nbsp;Bohyun Ryu","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>According to the ALARA principle, workers in radiation field must use dosimeters at working sites to ensure that annual effective dose does not exceed 50 mSv. However, traditional dosimeters assess radiation levels only after post-processing, which lack a real-time monitoring system. To overcome this limitation, a real-time path-based 3D exposure dose mapping system was developed by integrating a survey-meter and a 3D scanner using the SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) algorithm. This advanced system allows simultaneous spatial scanning and dose measurement, enabling free movement in complex indoor/outdoor environments. As workers navigate the area, the system generates a point cloud dataset (PCD) of the environment, recording that coordinates and measured dose rates. This dataset is visually presented in real-time, following the worker's path in 3D space. Additionally, a Deep Neural Network (DNN) model was created to produce a 3D dose rate distribution map. By using the path coordinates as input and corresponding doses as output, the model predicts dose rate throughout the entire PCD. These predictions were used to create a 3D map, with color and brightness adjusted based on dose rates. The system was implemented with LiDAR and a Geiger-Müller detector, then successfully tested in preliminary experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 6","pages":"Article 103464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual on-premises storage framework for memory optimization and secure data transmission in nuclear power plants","authors":"Niayesh Gharaei","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103526","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103526","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In nuclear power plants, efficiently managing sensitive data and ensuring secure transmission between nodes and storage systems are critical for maintaining operational integrity and safety. This paper proposes a novel approach utilizing dual on-premises storages to enhance memory efficiency and ensure secure data transmission. By segregating sensitive and non-sensitive data into distinct storage units, the system optimizes memory utilization while maintaining robust security protocols for data transfer between Base Stations (BS) and storage nodes. The architecture integrates advanced encryption techniques and secure protocols to safeguard data integrity during transmission, thereby mitigating risks associated with unauthorized access and data breaches. Experimental validation and performance analysis an average improvement of 25 % across encryption time, decryption time, failure rate, and latency metrics compared to existing methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 7","pages":"Article 103526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing radiological properties of novel tissue equivalent materials for heterogeneous pediatric head phantom: Experimental insights and Monte Carlo simulations","authors":"Hamza Sekkat ,&nbsp;Abdellah Khallouqi ,&nbsp;Omar El rhazouani ,&nbsp;Youssef Madkouri ,&nbsp;Abdellah Halimi","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103525","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2025.103525","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the need for realistic substitute materials in pediatric head CT to enhance imaging safety. Epoxy resin-based composites were developed to mimic cranial bone, brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid and eye lens. Radiological properties were validated using Monte Carlo simulations and XMuDat software, with CT numbers measured on a 64-detector CT scanner at 80, 100, and 120 kVp. A comparison was applied against standard tissues from the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU). For cranial bone, a composite of 70 % epoxy resin and 30 % calcium carbonate achieved a density of 1.65 g/cm³ and Z_eff = 11.02, with deviations in mass attenuation coefficients from ICRU standard ranging from 17.4 % at 40 keV to 1.2 % at 150 keV. Brain matter (95 % resin, 5 % acetone) achieved Z_eff = 6.19, with deviations from the ICRU standard ranging from 13.7 % to 5.5 %. CSF (80 % resin, 15 % silica, 5 % acetone) closely matched water, with deviations from the water standard ranging from 3.4 % to 1.1 %. Eye lens (95 % resin, 5 % sodium bicarbonate) achieved Z_eff = 6.47, with deviations from ICRU standard ranging from 7.5 % to 4.2 %. These results demonstrate the potential of epoxy resin-based substitutes to approximate ICRU standard tissues supporting safer pediatric radiology protocols customized to this sensitive population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":"57 7","pages":"Article 103525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143681845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}