Analysis and optimizations of macro-pulse performances for a constructed high-power beam injector with a compact layout

IF 2.6 3区工程技术 Q1 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Nuclear Engineering and Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI:10.1016/j.net.2025.103730

H. Hu , Y. Wang , H.J. Xu , Y.F. Zeng , T.N. Hu , H.M. Wang , G.Y. Feng , Y.J. Pei

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The performance of terahertz (THz) radiation from free electron lasers (FEL) depends on the consistency of electron bunches within the macro-pulse, not just the properties of individual bunches. In accelerator-based injectors, bunch-to-bunch deviations often arise due to transient beam loading effects. This study investigates the impact of such transient responses on macro-pulse inconsistencies by combining theoretical analysis and particle simulations, using the FEL injector at Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) as a case study. The goal is to optimize macro-pulse performance without requiring additional equipment or facility upgrades. To achieve this, an improved multi-objective optimization algorithm, NSGA-III, is introduced to optimize RF injection timing and phase settings, targeting energy and phase consistency within the macro-pulse and stable energy output. The approach is validated through extensive virtual simulations, which demonstrate its effectiveness in providing optimal initial settings for the HUST-FEL injector's macro-pulse. Subsequent online experiments conducted on this injector have preliminarily validated the reliability of the proposed method as well. The results are applicable to other multi-bunch/macro-pulse injectors, offering a cost-effective solution for efficient beam commissioning and engineering implementation.

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结构紧凑的大功率束流注入器大脉冲性能分析与优化

来自自由电子激光器（FEL）的太赫兹（THz）辐射的性能取决于宏观脉冲内电子束的一致性，而不仅仅是单个电子束的特性。在基于加速器的喷射器中，由于瞬态光束加载效应，经常会出现束对束的偏差。本文以华中科技大学的FEL注入器为例，采用理论分析和粒子模拟相结合的方法，研究了瞬态响应对宏观脉冲不一致性的影响。目标是在不需要额外设备或设施升级的情况下优化宏脉冲性能。为此，引入改进的多目标优化算法NSGA-III，优化射频注入时间和相位设置，目标是宏观脉冲内能量和相位的一致性以及稳定的能量输出。通过大量的虚拟仿真验证了该方法的有效性，证明了其在为HUST-FEL注入器宏脉冲提供最佳初始设置方面的有效性。随后在该进样器上进行的在线实验也初步验证了该方法的可靠性。研究结果适用于其他多束/大脉冲喷射器，为高效的光束调试和工程实施提供了经济有效的解决方案。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Nuclear Engineering and Technology 工程技术-核科学技术

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

7.40%

发文量

431

审稿时长

3.5 months

期刊介绍： Nuclear Engineering and Technology (NET), an international journal of the Korean Nuclear Society (KNS), publishes peer-reviewed papers on original research, ideas and developments in all areas of the field of nuclear science and technology. NET bimonthly publishes original articles, reviews, and technical notes. The journal is listed in the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) of Thomson Reuters. NET covers all fields for peaceful utilization of nuclear energy and radiation as follows: 1) Reactor Physics 2) Thermal Hydraulics 3) Nuclear Safety 4) Nuclear I&C 5) Nuclear Physics, Fusion, and Laser Technology 6) Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Radioactive Waste Management 7) Nuclear Fuel and Reactor Materials 8) Radiation Application 9) Radiation Protection 10) Nuclear Structural Analysis and Plant Management & Maintenance 11) Nuclear Policy, Economics, and Human Resource Development