{"title":"Accounting for dependencies among performance shaping factors in SPAR-H using a regularized autoencoder and WINGS-AISM","authors":"Xin Liu, Shengyuan Yan, Xiaodan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2024.08.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2024.08.034","url":null,"abstract":"The standardized plant analysis risk human reliability analysis (SPAR-H) method is widely used for human reliability analysis to adjust the nominal human error probability (HEP) by assigning different multipliers to the performance shaping factors (PSFs). Nevertheless, SPAR-H suffers from assuming PSFs to be independent without considering any overlaps and dependencies. Therefore, this study introduces a new systematic method to analyze the relationships among the PSFs in SPAR-H qualitatively and quantitatively to obtain more reasonable HEP estimation results. The proposed method comprises three primary aspects: 1) a regularized autoencoder for the denoising and feature extraction of expert evaluation results, 2) the weighted influence non-linear gauge system-based adversarial interpretive structure modeling (WINGS-AISM) method to analyze the relationships among the PSFs and construct their causal hierarchy, and 3) a new relative weighting system to modify the PSF multipliers based on this hierarchy. The results of experiments comparing the proposed method with conventional methods highlight that our method effectively reduces the double counting of overlapping PSFs in SPAR-H, providing more reasonable and accurate HEP estimation results.","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of leak-tightness for nuclear reactor containment under overpressure conditions considering aging effects","authors":"Xinbo Li, Jinxin Gong","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2024.08.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2024.08.036","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assesses the aging effects on the leak-tightness of containment under overpressure conditions. A global containment model and the detailed sub-models for the three main penetration regions in the containment are established. The main aging forms and mechanisms of containment are clarified, and corresponding simulation schemes are provided. Through numerical simulation, the impacts of different aging forms on the failure pressure of containment are discussed from a deterministic perspective. Finally, the fragility and functional failure probability of containment under different aging conditions are evaluated. When 60 years of concrete degradation and prestress loss are considered, the pressure capacities of equipment hatch, personnel airlock, and pipe penetration are reduced by approximately 5 %. Upon further considering steel liner corrosion, when the corrosion degree reaches 30 %, the pressure capacities of these regions are reduced by 24.37 %, 25.52 %, and 22.83 %, respectively. Within the scope of this study, the impact of steel liner corrosion on the risk of containment leakage is the most pronounced, whereas the impact of concrete degradation is minimal. If steel liner corrosion occurs simultaneously in three penetration regions, the whole containment will fail to meet the probabilistic performance goal when the corrosion degree reaches 30 %.","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M.H.A. Mhareb, M.I. Sayyed, Rahman I. Mahdi, Kawa M. Kaky, M. Kh Hamad, Abed Jawad Kadhim
{"title":"Role of Nd (III) ions on B2O3–TeO2-GeO2-MgO glass composition for optical and ionizing protection application","authors":"M.H.A. Mhareb, M.I. Sayyed, Rahman I. Mahdi, Kawa M. Kaky, M. Kh Hamad, Abed Jawad Kadhim","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2024.08.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2024.08.031","url":null,"abstract":"In this investigation, we reported three glass samples of Nd (III) ions doped boro-tellurite-germanite glasses. The chemical composition of (35-x) BO–20TeO-10GeO-35MgO-xNdO where x = 2.5, 5, and 7.5, all in mol%, was used to synthesize an optical glass. XRD, FTIR, and optical absorption were utilized to evaluate the structural and optical properties of Nd2.5, Nd5.0, and Nd7.5. X-ray diffraction was measured in the spectra range of 10–80°. Additionally, spectra of FT-IR in the wavenumber range of 400–4000 cm were reported to investigate all structural groups. Several absorption peaks related to the transitions from ground level I to the other excited state were investigated. Various mechanical, optical, and physical properties were calculated theoretically and analyzed to determine the role of the rare earth ions (Nd). The optical electronegativity (χ) and optical basicity (Λ) results showed a reduction in the strength of the bond and formed an ionic bond in the glass structure due to adding NdO. These results align with the reduction in the elastic modulus results by adding NdO instead of BO. Radiation shielding parameters like HVL, TVL, MFP, and Z were thoroughly reported for all Nd2.5, Nd5.0, and Nd7.5, which showed slight improvement when NdO was added instead of BO.","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marwa A. Shewita , Ebrahiem Esmail Ebrahiem , C. Allison , Moustapha Salem Mansour , Ayah E. Elshahat , Mahmoud M. Taha
{"title":"Investigation of computational model for the natural circulation at dual channel facility","authors":"Marwa A. Shewita , Ebrahiem Esmail Ebrahiem , C. Allison , Moustapha Salem Mansour , Ayah E. Elshahat , Mahmoud M. Taha","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2024.08.035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.net.2024.08.035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current work investigates a computational model to study the thermal and hydraulic air behavior during the natural circulation at air ingression and accidents. This is done with the RHYS coupling ASYST VER 4 package. The test facility considered for the present study is a dual vertical channel facility comprised of two parallel channels connected to the upper and lower plenum. The flow fields in the heated and cooled channels were comprehensively characterized by analyzing axial temperature and velocity distributions using varied uniform iso-flux (100–1400 W/m<sup>2</sup>) and different outer surface temperatures (278, 288, 298, and 308 K). Temperature and velocity reversal recorded after maximal spots due to natural convection. The temperature rise from 278 to 308 K gave an average of 25.51 and 25.19° increase in air and inner wall temperatures, respectively, while air velocity increases at high cooling intensity (278 K) within the heated channel, in the cooled channel, low cooling intensity (308 K) resulted in higher velocity. The convective heat transfer is represented in terms of heat transfer coefficients, which are used to compute the Nusselt number. Additionally, the ASYST model was validated with data from literature sources, indicating strong agreement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tao Wu, Jie Wang, Qiuyu Sun, Yifan Yang, Qingyu Si, Chenyu Liang, Guoming Liu, Aijun Mi, Sheng Wang
{"title":"Recycling efficiency optimization of tungsten-filled Vinyl-Methyl-Silicone-based flexible gamma ray shielding materials","authors":"Tao Wu, Jie Wang, Qiuyu Sun, Yifan Yang, Qingyu Si, Chenyu Liang, Guoming Liu, Aijun Mi, Sheng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2024.08.032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2024.08.032","url":null,"abstract":"Tungsten has been widely used for gamma-ray and X-ray radiation shielding, which is one of the main elements of shielding materials. Compared with traditional lead-containing shielding materials, tungsten-containing shielding materials have several advantages, such as good chemical stability, a high melting point and relative environmental friendliness. Considering the recycling of resources, the optimization of pyrolysis temperature and pyrolysis duration of tungsten-filled Vinyl-Methyl-Silicone-based flexible shielding materials needs to be studied. In this paper, these tungsten-filled Vinyl-Methyl-Silicone-based flexible shielding materials were initially recycled using pyrolysis. Subsequently, the crystal structures, surface chemical states and the tungsten concentration after pyrolysis in an argon atmosphere were characterized. In order to increase the tungsten recycling rate, the pyrolyzed samples were further recycled using the ultrasonic cleaning method. Furthermore, the influence of ultrasonic cleaning on tungsten recycling rate and surface morphologies was characterized and analyzed. It is found that the tungsten recycling rate of tungsten-filled Vinyl-Methyl-Silicone based flexible gamma/X-ray shielding material was around 69.9 wt%-81.6 wt% by using the pyrolysis method, while the recycling rate of tungsten can exceed 90.0 wt% by ultrasonic cleaning after pyrolysis.","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advancing nuclear energy forecasting: Exploring regression modeling techniques for improved accuracy","authors":"Anjali Nighoskar, Preeti Chaurasia, Nagendra Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2024.08.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2024.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"The urgent requirement for sustainable and dependable energy sources has stimulated an increased fascination with precisely forecasting nuclear energy generation. This work utilizes sophisticated regression modeling approaches, namely XGBoost, to predict nuclear energy generation by leveraging economic indices such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Each model's prediction accuracy has been evaluated by examining historical data on nuclear energy output and GDP from various locations. Here, measures such as mean squared error (MSE) and coefficient of determination (R2) to analyze their effectiveness have been used. The results of this study demonstrate that the XGBoost model outperforms standard regression approaches, showing greater R2 values and lower MSE scores. Furthermore, the consequences of these discoveries for the development of energy policy offer possible directions for future study in energy forecasting. This study provides useful insights for energy planners and policymakers, enabling a more profound comprehension of the complex relationship between economic indicators and nuclear energy generation.","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Soohyeok Lee, Hyoungtaek Kim, Hwijoon Jung, Kyung Taek Lim
{"title":"Comparative analysis of machine learning-based dose assessment algorithms for TL dosimetry","authors":"Soohyeok Lee, Hyoungtaek Kim, Hwijoon Jung, Kyung Taek Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2024.08.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2024.08.030","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the implementation of machine learning-based algorithms for TL dose assessment. It focuses on the radiation field classification, performance quotient evaluation, and shallow and deep dose equivalent assessment of ANN and LGBM, in comparison to the traditional method of DT. We evaluate these algorithms based on the element response data measured by TLD. A data set was built for training, and the base element responses of test categories were amplified, and normalized to 1 mSv Cs-137 within the range of ±3 %. Both algorithms consist of five subset models for classifying radiation fields and identifying ratios of mixed fields. The LGBM showed the best accuracy in classifying considered radiation fields and the lowest performance quotients. By comparing the tolerance levels of deep dose and shallow dose equivalents among the three algorithms, the LGBM yields the smallest difference between the predicted and true dose equivalents. This smaller difference implies the LGBM offers the least bias and standard deviation in the expected value, giving higher accuracy and precision in dose assessment over the traditional DT method. The findings from this study further contribute to the adoption of ML-based algorithms for TL dose assessment, underscoring its importance in the field.","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Elastoplastic mechanical behavior analysis of surface-coated Zircaloy-4 cladding under multi-field coupling","authors":"Xin Wang, Ze Xu, Yulan Liu, Biao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2024.08.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2024.08.029","url":null,"abstract":"The elastoplastic mechanical behavior of Zircaloy-4 (Zr-4) cladding, coated with chromium (Cr) or FeCrAl on its surface, is explored under the coupled effects of multi-field coupling. Utilizing the Finite Element Software ABAQUS, simulations are conducted to calculate the evolution of stress and strain over two complete fuel cycles. Comparisons are drawn between the coated and uncoated Zircaloy-4 cladding materials. The results indicate that the application of surface coatings significantly mitigates stress levels in the cladding during the first fuel cycle. During the second fuel cycle, all three types of cladding exhibit relatively minor plastic strain, which is attributed to the unloading and reloading process between cycles. Notably, the plastic zone propagates from the interior to the exterior of the cladding. When compared to traditional Zircaloy-4 cladding, the coated cladding exhibits improved elastoplastic mechanical behavior. The operational mechanism of the coating for different stresses in cylindrical coordinates and its response to unloading and reloading cycles are also investigated. Specifically, the coated claddings exhibit an evident delay in reaching full plasticity compared to uncoated claddings. Furthermore, FeCrAl coating material initially shows good performance, and it needs to be verified in more aspects in the future. Results and Conclusions in this paper can provide reference and guidance for future experiments.","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haoxiang Li, Wei Zheng, Bin Du, Huang Zhang, Huaqiang Yin, Xuedong He, Tao Ma, Xingtuan Yang
{"title":"Corrosion studies of Inconel 617 in high temperature air and He-ppmO2 atmospheres","authors":"Haoxiang Li, Wei Zheng, Bin Du, Huang Zhang, Huaqiang Yin, Xuedong He, Tao Ma, Xingtuan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2024.08.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2024.08.023","url":null,"abstract":"Air ingress accident is one of the typical accident conditions in Very High Temperature Reactors (VHTRs). This work investigates the oxidation kinetics, corrosion behavior and mechanism of Inconel 617 alloy in different oxygen concentration atmospheres under air ingress accident. The impact of O concentration and oxidation time of the alloy corrosion is investigated. A gas chromatograph was used to measure the impurity content in real time during the helium experiments. After the experiments, the alloys were characterized by electronic balance, were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and carbon and sulfur analyzer. The results show that: the Inconel 617 alloy undergoes similar oxidation behavior and the degree of oxidation is very close in three groups of atmospheres with large differences in oxygen content; the alloy should show two oxidation mechanisms, linear oxidation and parabolic oxidation, during the oxidation process; the parabolic rate constant and of the alloy is a constant value and does not vary with large changes in oxygen concentration, but when the experimental temperature changes, the oxidation rate constants of the alloy change, and the lowering of the temperature leads to the lowering of the oxidation rate constants; When experimental temperature is at 950 °C, the alloy continues to undergo a “microclimatic reaction” in the atmosphere of He-ppmO, and the microclimatic reaction disappears when the experimental temperature is lowered to 750 °C; In He-ppmO environment, gas chromatograph can be used instead of thermogravimetric analyzer for real-time monitoring.","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation on the thermal characteristics of electronic system and prediction of chip temperature by machine learning","authors":"Fanyu Wang, Dongwei Wang, Qiang Deng, Hao Yan, Qi Chen, Yang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.net.2024.08.028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.net.2024.08.028","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the thermal characteristics and steady-state temperatures (SST) of CPU and FPGA of electronic system in nuclear power plant are explored. Finite element analysis is performed to simulate the test process. Furthermore, three machine learning algorithms are used to predict chips temperatures at different operating conditions. It is found that when the ambient temperature is 20 °C and all the fans are power-off, the SST of the CPU and FPGA reaches 75 °C and 72 °C, respectively. While when the fans are power-on, the SST of the CPU and FPGA drops to 37.5 °C and 33 °C. When the ambient temperature increases to 55 °C and all the fans are power-on, the SST of the CPU and FPGA is 72.3 °C and 68.2 °C, respectively. The finite element model is verified and used to generate test data. Three machine learning models are verified by predicting the SST of CPU and FPGA under different operating conditions. It is found that M-SVR has better prediction ability than DT and ANN. The findings can be used for chip reliability evaluation of other electronic system devices, and provide a new method for predicting the possible steady-state temperature of chips under different service conditions.","PeriodicalId":19272,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Engineering and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142207251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}