Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences最新文献_第9页

Sonographic pattern of ocular pathologies at murtala muhammad specialist hospital, Kano, Nigeria 尼日利亚卡诺murtala muhammad专科医院眼部病变的超声图

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Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_33_20

Abdussalam Danjaji, S. Habib, U. Mijinyawa, A. Bala

{"title":"Sonographic pattern of ocular pathologies at murtala muhammad specialist hospital, Kano, Nigeria","authors":"Abdussalam Danjaji, S. Habib, U. Mijinyawa, A. Bala","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_33_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_33_20","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Ultrasonography is a non-invasive, inexpensive and safe imaging modality for diagnosing ocular pathologies, which aids in diagnostic accuracy and patient care. Aim: The aim of the study is to determine the pattern of ocular pathologies using ultrasonography at Murtala Muhammad Specialist Hospital. Settings and Design: This is a retrospective and descriptive study on sonographic pattern of various ocular pathologies. Materials and Methods: A total of 290 patients with various ocular pathologies were retrospectively reviewed within the study period from January 2017 to July 2018, in whom fundal examination was not possible due to media opacities and/or intraocular haemorrhage. Statistical Analysis Used: The data generated were analysed using SPSS version 21.0 program (SPSS Inc., Illinois, USA). Results: Cataracts were the most common ocular pathology detected sonographically, accounting for (45.5%) followed by vitreous haemorrhage (14.8%) and then retinal detachment (7.9%). Cataract has the highest frequency in all age groups with the highest frequency (34.1%) in 61–75 years of age group, while retinal (39.1%) and vitreous detachments (66.7%) have the highest frequency in the 16–30 and 61–75 years of age groups, respectively. The retinal detachment (52.2%) was more frequent in females, while cataract (54.5%) and vitreous haemorrhage (74.4%) were more frequent in males. Retinoblastoma (60%) and endophthalmitis (100%) were seen more on the right side, but the retinal detachment, cataract and vitreous haemorrhage were seen more on the left side. Conclusion: Ultrasonography is an important tool in the diagnosis of various ocular pathologies.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"40 1","pages":"62 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84933006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

May–thurner syndrome in a 31-year-old female with chronic deep vein thrombosis: A case report and review of the literature May-thurner综合征并发慢性深静脉血栓31岁女性一例报告及文献复习

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Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_29_20

Muhammad Auwal Shehu, A. Saliu

引用次数: 0

A comparative study of postnatal care practices among mothers in rural and urban communities of Kano State, Nigeria 对尼日利亚卡诺州农村和城市社区母亲产后护理做法的比较研究

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Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_25_20

Hadiza M. Abdullahi, N. Usman, A. Jibo

{"title":"A comparative study of postnatal care practices among mothers in rural and urban communities of Kano State, Nigeria","authors":"Hadiza M. Abdullahi, N. Usman, A. Jibo","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_25_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_25_20","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Postnatal care remains the most neglected component of maternal and child health. It is determined by postnatal practices, which may be beneficial, innocuous or harmful as prevalent in low and middle income countries including Nigeria. Aim: To compare postnatal care practices among mothers in urban and rural communities. Settings and Design: A comparative cross-sectional design was used to assess postnatal care practices among 130 mothers each in urban and rural communities of Kano using multistage systematic sampling. Materials and Methods: Data were collected from mothers who delivered a live baby within the preceding year using an interviewer administered semi-structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis used: Data collected was analysed using the SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Results: Findings show poor postnatal care practices like delay in initiation of breastfeeding (77.2% and 88.4%, respectively), poor cord care (97.6% and 100%, respectively) and ingestion of potash gruel (35.4% and 65.9%, respectively) were abundant. Postnatal care practice was significantly associated with respondents' education and husband's education in the urban area (and age of respondents in the rural community (P < 0.05). Marital setting was the only predictor of postnatal practice (odds ratio = 0.25, 95% confidence interval [0.09–0.69]), where mothers in a monogamous setting had a 75% likelihood of good practice as compared to their polygamous counterparts. Conclusion: The preponderance of bad postnatal practices found among mothers in both urban and rural settings indicates the level of danger that mothers and their newborns are exposed to in the studied communities.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"68 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84962175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of self-reported family history on some metabolic markers of type 2 diabetic patients 家族史对2型糖尿病患者代谢指标的影响

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Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_4_21

S. Muazu, H. Bako, Nnamah Nwakasi, Oduola Taofeeq, K. Bello, Usman Sani, A. Bello

{"title":"Impact of self-reported family history on some metabolic markers of type 2 diabetic patients","authors":"S. Muazu, H. Bako, Nnamah Nwakasi, Oduola Taofeeq, K. Bello, Usman Sani, A. Bello","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_4_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_4_21","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension (HTN) and obesity, are known non-modifiable, independent and easily assessed risk factors for incident type 2 diabetes. Aims: This study was aimed at assessing the effect of self-reported family history on the levels of some metabolic markers (total homocysteine [tHcy], high sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP] and glycated haemoglobin [HbA1c]) among patients with type 2 diabetes. Settings and Design: Two hundred and forty participants subdivided into Group 1 (T2DM only), Group 2 (T2DM diagnosed with HTN) and Group 3 (controls) were enrolled in a cross-sectional pattern. Subjects and Methods: A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on self-reported family history. Biochemical parameters were assayed using standard laboratory procedures. Statistical Analysis Used: SPSS version 20.0 was used for statistical analysis with significance at P ≤ 0.05. Results: Group 1: Family history of type 2 diabetes (FHD) (HbA1c, P < 0.001, fasting plasma glucose [FPG], P = 0.005, triglycerides [TG], P = 0.049), family history of HTN (FHTN) (HbA1c, P < 0.001, FPG P = 0.005), family history of obesity (FHO) (HbA1c, P < 0.001, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], P = 0.049). Group 2: FHD (tHcy, P = 0.021, HDL-C, P = 0.026), FHTN (tHcy, P = 0.035), FHO (HbA1c, P = 0.003, FPG, P = 0.001, TC, P < 0.001, TG, P = 0.019, LDL-C, P = 0.001). Group 3: FHD (tHcy, P = 0.004, HDL-C, P = 0.035), FHTN (FPG, P < 0.001, tHcy P = 0.010, TC, P = 0.037, TG, P = 0.003), FHO (hs-CRP, P < 0.001, HDL-C, P = 0.007, TG P = 0.001, LDL-C P = 0.019). Conclusions: Self-reported positive family history may provide insights into the biochemical and metabolic profile of patients with type 2 diabetes.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"34 1","pages":"145 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89685241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_30_20

I. Kefas, E. Envuladu, Chungdung Miner, B. Pokop, J. Daboer, M. Chingle, M. Banwat, A. Zoakah

{"title":"Health-related quality of life of hiv infected persons on antiretroviral therapy in Jos, Plateau State Nigeria","authors":"I. Kefas, E. Envuladu, Chungdung Miner, B. Pokop, J. Daboer, M. Chingle, M. Banwat, A. Zoakah","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_30_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_30_20","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) remains an important global health problem. People living with HIV (PLHIV) experienced physical, social and mental health challenges that can affect their quality of life (QOL). Aim: To determine the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of HIV-infected adults. Settings and design: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the APIN centre. One hundred and seventy-eight PLHIV were selected by a multistage sampling technique between 10 January 2018 and 31 March 2018. Materials and Methods: The world Health Organization QOL-HIV Bref Questionnaire was used to collect the information. Statistical analysis used: Data were analysed using SPSS version 23.0 statistical software We determined significant factors using Chi square and logistic regression at a 5% level of significance. Results: The physical domain has the lowest mean score of 13.25 ± 2.25, while the spiritual/religion/personal belief domain had the highest mean score of 14.955 ± 3.336. Clustered of differentiation 4 (CD4) count, adherence and currently ill status were significantly associated with QOL. The odds for good QOL were 13 times higher among those with CD4 count ≥500 cells/mm3 compared to those with CD4 count < 500 cells/mm3 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 13.03; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.58-37.5). The odds for good HRQOL were six times higher among those with good adherence compared to those with poor adherence (aOR: 5.62;95%CI: 1.83-17.26). Conclusion: The study revealed that the spiritual/religion/personal belief domain has the highest QOL score, while the physical domain had the least score. Adherence, currently ill and CD4 count were predictors of good QOL.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"78 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82645462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An audit of emergency response to terrorist-related bomb blasts and gunshot injuries: The experience of a low-resource care center in Northern Nigeria 对与恐怖主义有关的炸弹爆炸和枪伤紧急反应的审计:尼日利亚北部一个资源匮乏的护理中心的经验

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Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_40_21

O. Amole, T. Amole, K. Omeje, A. Efunkoya, O. Osunde, Muhammad Muhammad, S. Aji, Hassan Ismail, M. Abubakar, Akinwaleola Akinlade, Rufai Ahmed, T. Becker

{"title":"An audit of emergency response to terrorist-related bomb blasts and gunshot injuries: The experience of a low-resource care center in Northern Nigeria","authors":"O. Amole, T. Amole, K. Omeje, A. Efunkoya, O. Osunde, Muhammad Muhammad, S. Aji, Hassan Ismail, M. Abubakar, Akinwaleola Akinlade, Rufai Ahmed, T. Becker","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_40_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_40_21","url":null,"abstract":"Context: The management of mass casualty events caused by terrorist-related suicide bombings in densely populated areas is often challenging. Aims: This study describes the pattern of injuries, the emergency response following a suicide bombing in Nigeria in 2014 and compares the outcomes to those of other incidents. Settings and Design: A retrospective analysis of cases that presented to a major tertiary care center was done. Methods and Material: Medical records of 50 patients who experienced bomb blast or gunshot wounds during 28th November, 2014 suicide bombing of the Kano Central Mosque were reviewed and 12 eyewitnesses were interviewed. Statistical analysis used: Descriptive analysis of quantitative data was done while major themes were identified from the key informant interviews. Results: Fifty patients were admitted at the acute care center within 4 hours. There was a male predilection (98%), with a median age of 30 years (IQR, interquartile range = 37.5 years). Most injuries were the result of multiple penetrating projectiles (secondary blast injuries), primarily involving blast-energized metallic fragments like screws, nails, bolts, ball bearings, and metal scraps. Eleven patients (22%) had minor lacerations, about a quarter (n = 12; 24%) had severe hemorrhage and were transfused, five (10%) had multi-system involvement, and mortality rate was 8% (n = 4). Interventions were aimed at preserving the lives of those injured. Conclusion: Most of the victims had major injuries which were appropriately managed although the hospital lacked an existing protocol on mass casualty management. Increased awareness, organized field triage mechanisms, and capacity building in health facilities will facilitate prompt emergency response.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":"122 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74807398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intelligence quotient and dental caries: An analytical cross-sectional study among Saudi Arabian Children 智商和龋齿:沙特阿拉伯儿童的横断面分析研究

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Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences Pub Date : 2021-07-01 DOI: 10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_42_21

G. Madhan, R. Togoo, Maha Abumelha, M. Aljahdal, Z. Alkahtani, T. Ain

{"title":"Intelligence quotient and dental caries: An analytical cross-sectional study among Saudi Arabian Children","authors":"G. Madhan, R. Togoo, Maha Abumelha, M. Aljahdal, Z. Alkahtani, T. Ain","doi":"10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_42_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/njbcs.njbcs_42_21","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Dental caries have a detrimental impact on the affected persons, be they children, adolescents, or adults. Aim: To find out the prevalence of dental caries and its relationship with intelligence quotient (IQ) among Southern Saudi Arabian children. Settings and Design: A nonprobability convenience sampling procedure was adopted. Methods: As much as 458 eligible children were selected for the study. Estimation of level of IQ was done by using “Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices 1998 edition 11.” DMFT/ dmft index was used to assess the prevalence of dental caries among the participants. Statictics used: The collected data were subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Version 22. Frequencies, percentages, mean, and SDs were applied to report the caries prevalence. Chi-square test and unpaired t-test were applied to test the association between two categorical variables. P valueslessthan 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The prevalence of dental caries was 52.62% with mean total DMFT of 1.48 ± 1.93. Prevalence of primary dmft was 80.13% with mean dmft of 4.60 ± 3.67. The presence of dental caries among primary teeth was statistically significant according to the IQ. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental caries was found to be 52.62% for permanent teeth and 80.13% for primary teeth. The IQ of most children falls under the Grade III category of Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices grading system. The current study revealed an inversely proportional relationship between IQ grade and the prevalence of dental caries.","PeriodicalId":19224,"journal":{"name":"Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences","volume":"46 1","pages":"134 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88164829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changing pattern of adult intestinal obstruction in Nigeria: A narrative review 尼日利亚成人肠梗阻的变化模式:叙述回顾

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Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/NJBCS.NJBCS_14_20

I. Garzali, A. El-Yakub

引用次数: 2

Prevalence of electromechanical dyssynchrony among heart failure patients in a Nigerian tertiary hospital 尼日利亚某三级医院心力衰竭患者机电不同步的患病率

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Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/NJBCS.NJBCS_4_20

Bashir Ahmad, M. Mijinyawa, M. Sani

引用次数: 1

Dental caries prevalence, restorative needs and oral hygiene status in adult population: A cross-sectional study among nurses in Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria 成年人龋齿患病率、修复需求和口腔卫生状况:尼日利亚乔斯乔斯大学教学医院护士横断面研究

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Nigerian Journal of Basic and Clinical Sciences Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4103/NJBCS.NJBCS_32_20

A. Idowu, B. Fakuade, O. Taiwo, JohnO Majekodunmi, O. Alufohai, F. Sandabe

引用次数: 3