Nordic Journal of Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Cognitive function in Chinese patients with schizophrenia: the Chinese Brief Cognitive Test (C-BCT) profile of impairment.","authors":"Mengjuan Xie, Xin Yu, Shuling Ye, Han Han, Renrong Wu, Dengtang Liu, Shaohua Hu, Yong Xu, Huanzhong Liu, Xijin Wang, Gang Zhu, Huaning Wang, Shaohong Zou, Tao Li, Wanjun Guo, Xiufeng Xu, Yuqi Cheng, Yi Li, Juan Yang, Min Peng, Chuan Shi","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2025.2539782","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2025.2539782","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of the study was to investigate the empirical validity of the Chinese Brief Cognitive Test (C-BCT) and examine the correlation between cognitive symptoms and functional outcomes in people with schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with schizophrenia (<i>n</i> = 145) together with 723 healthy controls underwent testing with C-BCT and MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). Clinical staff measured Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Personal and Social Performance (PSP) Scale for patients. One-way analysis of covariance was conducted to compare cognitive performance across groups. The correlation between C-BCT performance and PANSS and PSP was examined using the Pearson product moment correlation. The Global Deficit Score (GDS) was used to identify the severity of cognitive impairment. The generalized linear model was used to analyze the effects of age, sex and education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The four scales of C-BCT alongside composite scaled score (Css) demonstrated statistical differences between groups with partial eta squared scores between 0.049 and 0.171. Composite scaled score was weakly correlated with each scale of the PANSS (<i>r</i>-value ranged from -0.242 to -0.190), and weakly correlated with PSP. In addition to Digit Span Task, scales of C-BCT had different correlations with PANSS and PSP. There were differences in GDS among patients with different employment status (<i>p</i> < .05). 55.9% of the patient sample had been identified as cognitive impaired using C-BCT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The C-BCT exhibits good empirical validity in Chinese patients with schizophrenia. Information processing speed, executive function, attention/vigilance, and overall cognitive performance were differently related to clinical symptoms and social function.</p><p><strong>Highlights: </strong>Cognitive impairment is one of the core symptoms and dimensions of schizophrenia.The Chinese Brief Cognitive Test (C-BCT) is a simplified cognitive assessment tool based on the Chinese cultural environment.The C-BCT has good empirical validity in Chinese patients with schizophrenia, and can evaluate neurocognition in Chinese patients with schizophrenia in a shorter time.The C-BCT may be helpful for clinicians and researcher because of its convenience and efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"537-545"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144794969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The reliability and validity of the Finnish translation of the INSPIRE measure of staff support for personal recovery.","authors":"Jonna Tolonen, Jouko Miettunen, Kristiina Moilanen, Sirpa Tölli, Boris Karpov, Marianne Haapea, Erika Jääskeläinen, Liisa Kiviniemi","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2025.2549402","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2025.2549402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Recovery orientation is a useful framework for mental health care. To advance the application of a recovery-oriented approach, psychometrically sound evaluation instruments are required. The INSPIRE measure, which includes the sub-scales of Support and Relationship, evaluates staff support for personal recovery. This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Finnish translation of the INSPIRE measure.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The data (<i>N</i> = 98) was gathered from service users of different mental health services. We conducted an exploratory factor analysis of the INSPIRE measure to examine the factorial validity and used Cronbach's alpha to assess the internal consistency of the identified factors. We also calculated floor and ceiling effects to evaluate the measure's sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results indicated that the five-factor model for the Support sub-scale, as outlined by the CHIME framework of personal recovery, was not supported by the data. Instead, factor analysis indicated a two-factor model for the Support sub-scale. For the Relationship sub-scale, the original one-factor model was supported, and internal consistency was found to be good. However, we detected a ceiling effect in the items of the INSPIRE measure, which may compromise its reliability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The original factor structure of the INSPIRE Support sub-scale could not be verified in the Finnish sample, although the internal consistency was satisfactory. The psychometric properties of the Finnish translation of the INSPIRE measure yielded mixed results, highlighting the need for further international studies to enhance the measure's feasibility and reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"546-555"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144963128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From outpatient secondary mental health services to primary care: patients' perspectives on depression treatment and relapse prevention - a qualitative study.","authors":"Anne Sofie Aggestrup, Klaus Martiny, Annette Sofie Davidsen","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2025.2530628","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2025.2530628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Patients with severe depression often transition from outpatient secondary mental health services to primary care before full recovery, risking relapse and rehospitalisation. However, evidence to ensure a safe transition is limited. This study aimed to explore how patients with severe depression experienced their intensive outpatient treatment, how they perceived their upcoming transition to primary care, and which elements they considered essential for relapse prevention.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twelve patients with severe depression from an intensive outpatient clinic were interviewed. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients valued safety and psychiatric expertise during their outpatient treatment. Individually delivered sessions were preferred over group-based formats. As discharge approached, many still felt vulnerable and worried about relapse, particularly due to the loss of contact with psychiatric professionals and pressure from the job centre to return to work. Patients suggested relapse prevention elements, including tailored outpatient treatment addressing individual needs before discharge, flexible return-to-work approaches and the possibility of access to psychiatric professionals after discharge with continuity of care from a familiar psychiatric professional, as well as digital self-monitoring tools with clinical feedback.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results highlight the need for outpatient services tailored to individual, patient-centred needs, ensuring continuity of care from secondary to primary care <i>via</i> familiar psychiatric professionals, and providing flexible return-to-work support. A well-coordinated transition, developed collaboratively with the patient and cross-sectoral professionals, is essential. Post-discharge, continued contact with known psychiatric professionals, supported by self-monitoring tools with clinical feedback, may prevent relapse of severe depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"483-493"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CYP2D6 UM phenotype is not related to suicide attempts in depressive patients in secondary psychiatric care.","authors":"Marie Asp, Amanda Holck, Henrik Green, Åsa Westrin, Margareta Reis","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2025.2553573","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08039488.2025.2553573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The hepatic cytochrome P450 system includes the polymorphic <i>CYP2D6</i> gene. CYP2D6 ultra rapid metabolizers (UMs) were 10-fold more common in suicide victims than in the general population in a previous study. The aim of this study was to investigate if the occurrence of the CYP2D6 UM genotype differs between subjects with and without previous suicide attempt in patients treated for depression in secondary psychiatric care.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study \"Genes, Depression and Suicidality\" (GEN-DS) included 407 subjects treated for depression in secondary psychiatric care between 2012 and 2021. Subjects were genotyped for CYP2D6, interviewed according to a semi-structured protocol and diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th ed (DSM-IV-TR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 407 subjects, 128 subjects (31.4%) had a history of one or more suicide attempt. Two (1.6%) in the suicide attempt group were categorized as UMs, as compared to 9 (3.2%) in the non-suicide attempt group. There was no statistical significance between the groups (<i>p</i> = 0.27, Fisher's exact test). Bipolar disorder, personality disorders, substance use disorders and lifetime presence of psychotic symptoms were more common in suicide attempters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on our results, CYP2D6 UMs are not over-represented among suicide attempters in depressed patients treated in secondary psychiatric care. Analysis of CYP2D6 genotype can be useful for optimizing pharmacological treatment in depression but genotyping does not seem relevant for the clinical assessment of suicidality in difficult-to-treat depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"556-563"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144963078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying forensic psychiatric populations in national health registers: a Danish validation study.","authors":"Christian Jentz, Harry G Kennedy, Annelli Sandbæk, Anette Andersen, Morten Deleuran Terkildsen, Louise Karstoft, Lisbeth Uhrskov Sørensen","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2025.2565825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2025.2565825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The identification of patients in forensic psychiatric care within national health registries has historically posed significant challenges, limiting research to small-scale studies and restricting its scope. This study aims to evaluate the utility of the Danish National Patient Register (DNPR) for research purposes by assessing the criterion concurrent validity of administrative trajectory markers for identifying incident patients receiving forensic psychiatric care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed a population-wide design, analyzing data from the entire Danish population aged 15 years and older (almost 5 million individuals). Incident forensic psychiatric patients between January and December, 2022, were identified through a trajectory start marker in the DNPR. Validity was assessed by comparing these cases to confirmed cases from the Central Criminal Register (CCR). Test statistics, including sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value, were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 323 forensic psychiatric patients were identified in the DNPR, of whom 289 (89.5%) were confirmed as incident cases in the CCR. The sensitivity of any trajectory start marker was .755 (.708-.797), and the PPV was .895 (.856, .926). PPV varied across the five Danish regions and between individual trajectory markers, with the highest PPV (.950) observed among patients sentenced to outpatient psychiatric treatment with the option of hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that trajectory markers are a promising approach for reliably identifying incident forensic psychiatric cases within Danish national health registers. Further studies are needed to confirm their validity across different contexts, informing clinical practice and policy decisions in forensic psychiatry.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145192269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender dysphoria and personality disorders: associations with proceeding to and discontinuing medical gender reassignment.","authors":"Marja Kaila-Vanhatalo, Tommi Tolmunen, Aino Mattila, Riittakerttu Kaltiala","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2025.2558931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2025.2558931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Personality disorder (PD) diagnoses, especially borderline PD, are overrepresented among individuals seeking medical gender reassignment (GR), but their impact on progression to or discontinuation of GR is unclear. This may differ between adults and adolescents due to ongoing personality development in youth.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This register-based follow-up study examined 3665 individuals referred to Finnish gender identity services between 1996 and 2019. Data on specialist-level psychiatric treatments from 1994 to 2022 were obtained from the National Care Register for Health Care. The study assessed associations between PD diagnoses (any, and specifically borderline PD) and outcomes related to medical GR, including treatment initiation and discontinuation. Analyses accounted for age group (adolescents vs. adults), transition direction, and non-PD psychiatric comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Subjects with a PD diagnosis were significantly less likely to initiate GR than were those without a PD (33% vs. 46.1%, <i>p</i> < .001). However, among those who began GR, presence of PD did not appear to increase the likelihood of discontinuation. These findings held equally for across both adolescents and adults. Similar results were found for borderline PD specifically.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Personality disorders may be linked to challenges in forming a stable gender identity, potentially reducing the likelihood of initiating medical GR. However, once treatment begins, PD does not appear to increase the risk of discontinuation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental disorder diagnoses as predictors of behavioural risk factors: the moderating role of socioeconomic status.","authors":"Galina Opikova, Rainer Reile, Kenn Konstabel, Kristjan Kask","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2025.2557632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2025.2557632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Health inequities have drawn increasing attention, yet evidence on the moderating role of socioeconomic status (SES) in the relationship between mental disorders and multiple behavioural risks is inconsistent. This study examines the role of SES in the relationship between prior mental disorder diagnoses and later multiple behavioural risks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was based on registry-linked survey data from 2021-2022 among the Estonian adult population. The analytic sample included 1,561 individuals aged >25. Poisson regression was used to examine associations between mental disorders and behavioural risks. Latent class analysis was used to identify behavioural risk classes, and multinomial logistic regression to assess their relationship with prior diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Depression was associated with a higher number of behavioural risks and higher odds of belonging to multiple risk classes, while anxiety was linked to the overweight/obesity class. Lower SES index, secondary education, and medium income were associated with increased behavioural risks compared to higher SES index, education, and income. While the SES index showed no interactions, education and income demonstrated moderating effects. Respondents with medium income and depression had lower risk of behavioural risks and lower odds of belonging to multiple risk classes, compared to the higher-income group. Individuals with anxiety and secondary education had a lower risk of behavioural risks and lower odds of the overweight/obesity category, compared to those with higher education.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results highlight the relevance of socioeconomic context and the need for further longitudinal research. Findings point to the importance of addressing behavioural risks within psychiatric care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When the caregiver is affected: eating disorder symptoms among mental health professionals.","authors":"Karin Strand, Harald Aiff","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2025.2555885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2025.2555885","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the lifetime and point prevalence of eating disorders (ED) among mental health care providers and compare those working with patients with ED to those who work in other fields of psychiatry to examine whether the overrepresentation of ED among professionals seen in ED clinics are also true for professionals in other psychiatric outpatient clinics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Digital questionnaires were sent out to professionals working with patients in psychiatric outpatient clinics in Sweden. The questionnaire included questions from the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview 7.0.1 and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire 6.0. 173 respondents completed the questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The lifetime prevalence of ED among professionals in ED-clinics was 35.2% (women 41.9%, men 10.0%) and in non-ED clinics 24.4% (women 27.7%, men 16.1%). The point prevalence was 11.1 and 10.9% respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The lifetime prevalence of any ED in the Swedish general population is 2-3.5%. Our results suggest a 10-fold higher prevalence among mental health care providers, regardless of if working with patients with ED or not. This result could have multiple explanations; such as an increased willingness to help others based on personal experience of ED or increased risk of developing ED when working with patients with ED. There is always a risk of reporting bias when conducting studies using digital questionnaires. The findings can have implications for the psychosocial work environment and health of employees as well as for the assessment and treatment of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of parents' perceptions of the quality of care of an intervention provided for children with mild to moderate health problems.","authors":"Ingegerd Hildingsson, Malin Holmström Rising","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2025.2556923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2025.2556923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental health problems are increasing among children and adolescents. Parents play a pivotal role in care, and intervention programmes have been introduced directed towards children with mild to moderate mental health problems. Due to long waiting times for specialised psychiatric care, such programmes could serve as means to ease the burden on mental health clinics for children 6-14 years. The aim of this study was to evaluate parents' assessments of the quality of care of an intervention programme and associations with the children's physical and mental health after treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Parents' assessment of the quality of care was investigated through a questionnaire. Outcome variables were parents' perceptions of the children's physical and mental health after treatment. Explanatory variables were background factors, care organisation and the content of care.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>31% of the parents assessed their child's physical health as less than good, and 46% their child's mental health as less than good, after treatment. Long waiting times (OR 2.50; 1.17-5.30), parents' ability to have private conversations with the therapist (OR 0.45; 0.22-0.94), and deficiencies in the content of care were associated with less good physical health after treatment. Less good mental health after treatment was associated with older age of children (OR 2.01; 1.01-3.99) and deficiencies in care content.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Age of the child, long waiting time, and perceived deficiencies in the content of care were associated with less physical and mental well-being of the child after the intervention. These findings call for improvement of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145040902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Criminal behavior prior and subsequent to involuntary commitment and detainment in adolescent psychiatric care.","authors":"Ville Marin, Timo Holttinen, Riittakerttu Kaltiala","doi":"10.1080/08039488.2025.2557631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08039488.2025.2557631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the connections between young people's criminal behavior and involuntary psychiatric treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A registry-based follow-up study, using data of all Finnish individuals with first ever psychiatric inpatient treatment at ages 13-17 between 1996 and 2010 (<i>n</i> = 12,725). Information on inpatient treatment periods was extracted from the National Care Register for Health Care (HILMO) and data on criminality from the Register of Prosecutions, Sentences and Punishments maintained by Statistics Finland. The subjects were followed for 10 years after the end of the index hospital stay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A criminal background before the first hospital stay was about twice as common among those committed to hospital involuntarily and those detained in involuntary treatment. Both commitment and detainment were across diagnostic groups associated with later criminal behavior in general and violent criminality in particular. In analyses stratified by sex, involuntary treatment was associated with later criminality only among females.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Criminal behavior before admission to psychiatric treatment is a risk factor for the initiation and implementation of involuntary treatment, but the initiation and implementation of treatment through involuntary procedures are also independent predictors of later criminal behavior. In hospital care and subsequent interventions, supporting prosocial development should be a focus in addition to treating psychiatric symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":19201,"journal":{"name":"Nordic Journal of Psychiatry","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}