Nutrition & Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Ultra-processed food consumption and cardiometabolic risk in Canada: a cross-sectional analysis of the Canadian health measures survey.","authors":"Angelina Baric, Vasanti S Malik, Anthea Christoforou","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00935-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00935-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ultra-processed food (UPF) contributes to nearly 50% of Canadians' diets. Research in other countries has begun to implicate high intakes of UPFs and negative health outcomes, including body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, and unfavourable lipid profiles. There have been no population level examinations of the relationship between UPF consumption and cardiometabolic risk in Canada.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Drawing on the Canadian Health Measures Survey (2016/17 and 2018/19), this study investigates the relationship between UPF consumption and cardiometabolic risk factors among Canadians (ages 19-79, n = 6517). Dietary data collected by Food Frequency Questionnaire was classified as UPF or not using the NOVA classification system which scores foods by degree of processing. Participants were grouped into quartiles based on the daily servings of UPF. Sociodemographic and lifestyle variables were collected via household questionnaire and cardiometabolic outcomes were measured during a clinic visit. Multivariable linear regression analyses separately assessed the association between cardiometabolic risk factors and UPF quartiles while adjusting for various sociodemographic and lifestyle variables. Sensitivity analyses additionally adjusted for fruit and vegetable intake (servings/day) to determine the effect of diet quality on this relationship. All analyses were weighted to ensure national representativeness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>UPF servings per day ranged from 1.2 in the lowest and 5.8 in the highest quartile. Compared to the lowest quartiles of UPF consumption, those in the highest were more likely to be male, in the lowest income quartile, Black or White, have lower household education, and higher physical activity and sedentary time. After adjustments, UPF consumption was positively associated with BMI, WC, diastolic BP, HBA1C, c-reactive protein, white blood cells (WBC), fasting triglycerides (TG), and fasting insulin. Fruit and vegetable intake attenuated the association for all outcomes, while BMI, WC, WBC, and TG remained significantly associated with increased UPF consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the first Canadian study looking at population level intakes of UPF across various cardiometabolic risk factors and adds to the growing body of literature demonstrating the detrimental health effects associated with UPF consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12060383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender differences in the association between Life's essential 8 and cardiovascular disease: a U.S.-based cross-sectional analysis.","authors":"Yi Tang, Xiaojie Chen, Yifan Zhao, Jihong Sun, Yaohui Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00929-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00929-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This research aims to elucidate the gender differences in the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence and Life's Essential 8 (LE8), a recently updated measure of cardiovascular health (CVH).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2005 and 2018.The scores of LE8, health behavior, health factor and each metric based on diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep health, body mass index, blood lipid, blood glucose, and blood pressure were classified as low (0-49 points), moderate (50-79 points), and high (80-100 points). The scores of LE8, health behavior and health factor as continuous variables were also used for dose-response analysis. The main outcomes included the prevalence of CVD. The definition of CVD based on self-reported history of coronary heart disease or stroke.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 23,307 individuals were included in this analysis. Participants with CVD had significantly lower LE8 scores compared to those without CVD, and females demonstrated higher CVH levels compared to males including total LE8 scores and the scores of diet, nicotine exposure, blood lipid, blood glucose, and blood pressure (P < 0.05). Moreover, the LE8 score demonstrated a non-linear association with CVD in both males and females (all P-values for non-linearity were < 0.001). Furthermore, compared to the low LE8 level, a high LE8 level was associated with a 78% decreased risk of CVD in males (HR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.16-0.31) and an 83% decreased risk in females (HR: 0.17, 95% CI: 0.11-0.26). Consistently, compared to low levels of health behaviors and health factors, higher levels were significantly associated with a decreased risk of CVD in both males and females (All P < 0.001). Additionally, the area under the curve (AUC) for the total LE8 score in CVD discrimination was significantly higher in females than in males (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher CVH scores were associated with a lower risk of CVD, especially in females. These findings highlight the need for gender-specific preventive strategies in CVH promotion, with a particular focus on improving LE8 scores in high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12060376/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic syndrome and dermatological diseases: association and treatment.","authors":"Jiali Xia, Li Ding, Guoyan Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00924-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00924-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clinical syndrome associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, and dyslipidemia. Its primary features include dyslipidemia, hypertension, abdominal obesity, and insulin resistance (IR). Recently, research has revealed that MetS is not only a manifestation of internal metabolic disturbances but is also closely associated with various dermatological conditions, including inflammatory skin diseases, autoimmune skin diseases, and skin tumors. These studies have clarified the complex mechanisms underlying the interaction between MetS and these skin diseases, including IR, chronic inflammatory responses, and oxidative stress. This review summarizes the association between MetS and related dermatological conditions and their shared physiological mechanisms. It aims to provide clinicians with new therapeutic strategies and preventive measures to improve the treatment outcomes and quality of life of patients with skin conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12057268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144033864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary inflammatory potential, genetic predisposition, and incidence of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.","authors":"Ji-Mei Gu, Miao Zhao, Jie Zhu, Hao-Wei Tao, Xiao-Ping Shao, Li-Qiang Qin, Yang-Yang Ge, Guo-Chong Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00934-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00934-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evidence for a potential link between dietary inflammatory potential and inflammatory bowel disease is limited, and the moderating role of genetic susceptibility remains to be assessed.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII) for the associations with incident Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) and the role of genetic susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 205,706 UK Biobank participants who were aged 39-72 years and had no known CD or UC at baseline (2006-2010) were included. The E-DII score was calculated based on energy-adjusted average intakes of 33 food or nutrient items derived from up to five 24-hour dietary recalls. Multivariable Cox regression models were used estimate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for incident CD and UC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During a median 12.3 years of follow-up, 382 incident CD and 798 incident UC cases were ascertained. A higher E-DII score was not associated with risk of CD (HR _{Q4 VS. Q1} = 1.28, 95% CI: 0.94-1.74; P-trend = 0.09) or UC (HR _{Q4 VS. Q1} = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.90-1.36; P-trend = 0.17). There was an interaction between the E-DII and the polygenic risk score (PRS) for CD on incident CD (P-interaction = 0.023), with an association only among participants with a high PRS (HR _{Q4 VS. Q1} = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.03-2.61) (P-interaction = 0.023). As compared with the participants with a low PRS for CD and a low E-DII score, participants with high levels of both scores had a particularly higher risk of CD (HR = 3.12; 95% CI: 1.74-5.60).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The association of dietary inflammatory potential with incident CD appears to be amplified by high genetic susceptibility to CD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12044715/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum vitamin C associated with lipids levels in children and adolescents: a national cross-sectional study.","authors":"Xiaoqi Su, Shanliang Zhu, Ye Chen, Xin Zhou, Jun Chen, Nishant Patel, Xuming Mo","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00931-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00931-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The relationship between serum vitamin C (sVC) and blood lipids in adolescents in the US has not been thoroughly studied. This study investigates the correlation between sVC and blood lipids among adolescents using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the NHANES 2003-2006 and 2017-2018 cycles, encompassing 4,965 participants aged 12-19 years, were analyzed. sVC served as the independent variable and blood lipids as the dependent variables. Multiple linear regression models assessed the relationship between sVC and blood lipids, with subgroup analyses based on sex, age, and race. Additionally, smooth curve fitting and saturation threshold analysis were employed to explore nonlinear relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adjusted analyses revealed a positive correlation between sVC and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (β = 2.77, 95%CI 2.06-3.47), with no significant association with total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), or triglycerides. This positive correlation persisted across subgroups divided by age, gender, and race (p < 0.05). The nonlinear relationship between sVC and HDL-C was characterized by an inverted U-shaped curve in adolescents aged 12-15 years, males, females, and non-Hispanic Whites.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study confirms a positive association between sVC levels and HDL-C in adolescents, suggesting that higher vitamin C intake/status may be associated with a higher HDL-C in adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12044947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143974844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Antioxidant supplementation boosts the advantages of CrossFit workouts on oxidative and muscle damage markers in obese males.","authors":"Morteza Nemati, Neda Bozorgtabar, Maha Hoteit, Zahra Sadek, Abdullah Almaqhawi, Ali Rashidy-Pour, Nematollah Nemati, Mohammad Rashidi, Niloofar Karimi, Mitra Khademosharie, Reza Bagheri, Ayoub Saeidi, Maisa Hamed Al Kiyumi, Katie M Heinrich, Hassane Zouhal","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00923-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00923-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12044845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of initiating a 24-hour fast with a low versus a high carbohydrate shake on glycemic control in older adults: a randomized crossover study.","authors":"Elizabeth Z Gipson, Landon S Deru, Parker G Graves, Cameron G Jacobsen, Neil E Peterson, Bruce W Bailey","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00920-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00920-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study measured the impact of macronutrient composition of a pre-fast meal on time-to-ketosis and other metabolic indicators of glycemic control during a 24-hr fast within a population of older, sedentary, overweight adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four adults who were over the age of 50, sedentary (< 150 min of weekly exercise), and overweight (BMI ≥ 27) participated in a randomized crossover study. Each of these inclusion criteria have been shown to increase the risk for the development of chronic diseases. Participants began each 24-hr fast with either a high carbohydrate/low fat/moderate protein (HC/LF) or an isocaloric low carbohydrate/high fat/moderate protein (LC/HF) shake. Metabolic indicators included subcutaneous glucose readings every 15 min throughout the study, capillary beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), and plasma concentrations of insulin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP). Measurements of these hormones took place at 0, 1, 24, and 48 h, and BHB measurements took place at 0, 1, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Glucose levels were higher in the HC/LF group 15 min to 2.25 h after fast initiation (p < 0.05 for all). There was a significant condition by time interaction for BHB (F = 3.84, p < 0.01). Nutritional ketosis (BHB ≥ 0.5 mmol/L) was reached on average by 12 h in the LC/HF condition but was not reached at any point during the fast on average in the HC/LF condition. An hour after consuming the LC/HF shake insulin was 41.9% lower (t = 6.13, p < 0.01), glucagon 23.6% higher (t = -4.72, p < 0.01), GLP-1 26.8% higher (t = -5.16, p < 0.01), and GIP 34.4% higher (t = -3.41, p < 0.01) compared to the HC/LF shake.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A low carbohydrate pre-fast meal can reduce time-to-ketosis in older, sedentary, overweight adults. Those looking to improve glycemic control through fasting or time-restricted eating interventions may consider the macronutrient composition of their pre-fast meal to improve its efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11998415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation of continued breastfeeding by age of the child among children aged 12-23 months: evidence from 21 sub-Saharan African countries.","authors":"Enyew Getaneh Mekonen","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00919-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00919-y","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Appropriate breastfeeding practices are recommended to decrease the burden of under-five mortality and its related costs in sub-Saharan Africa. Continued breastfeeding is associated with a reduced risk of child morbidity and mortality. There is no evidence on the pooled prevalence and determinants of continued breastfeeding conducted using the most recent indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices in 2021. Therefore, the findings of this study could help nutrition policymakers prioritize and implement specific interventions for breastfeeding continuation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Data from the most recent demographic and health surveys, which were carried out between 2015 and 2022 in 21 sub-Saharan African countries, were used. The study comprised a weighted sample of 44,423 children between the ages of 12 and 23 months. Software for statistical analysis, STATA/SE version 14.0, was used to clean, recode, and analyze data. Utilizing multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression, the factors associated with the outcome variable were identified. Statistical significance was attained by variables having an adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value &lt; 0.05.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The pooled prevalence of continued breastfeeding among children aged 12 to 23 months was 64.59% (95% CI: 64.15%, 65.04%). Factors like maternal age [AOR = 1.22; 95% CI (1.09, 1.38)], maternal educational level [AOR = 0.51; 95% CI (0.47, 0.55)], and paternal educational level [AOR = 0.79; 95% CI (0.73, 0.85)], marital status of the mother [AOR = 1.13; 95% CI (1.05, 1.22)], maternal working status [AOR = 1.32; 95% CI (1.25, 1.39)], wealth index [AOR = 0.82; 95% CI (0.77, 0.88)], parity [AOR = 1.09; 95% CI (1.00, 1.19)], place of delivery [AOR = 0.92; 95% CI (0.87, 0.98)], ANC visits [AOR = 1.27; 95% CI (1.15, 1.39)], mode of delivery [AOR = 0.81; 95% CI (0.73, 0.89)], twin status [AOR = 4.65; 95% CI (4.07, 5.31), age of the child [AOR = 9.59; 95% CI (9.03, 10.2)], sex of the child [AOR = 0.95; 95% CI (0.91, 0.99)], preceding birth interval [AOR = 1.28; 95% CI (1.20, 1.37)], residence [AOR = 0.74; 95% CI (0.70, 0.79)], and community level education [AOR = 0.90; 95% CI (0.85, 0.96)] were significantly associated with continued breastfeeding.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present study, nearly two-thirds of children aged 12 to 23 months in sub-Saharan African countries continued breastfeeding. Higher odds of continued breastfeeding were reported among older, educated, and married women; working mothers; wealthier households; grand multiparous women; home delivery; attending ANC visits; vaginal delivery; single birth; younger children; male children; long preceding birth interval; urban residence; and mothers from eastern Africa. Therefore, women's empowerment, improving maternal healthcare services, and giving special attention to unmarried and younger women, primiparous women, ","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11992771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary modulation for the hypertension risk group in Koreans: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Youngmin Han, Ryun Huh, Keum Ji Jung, Heejin Kimm, Sun Ha Jee","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00921-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00921-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension (HTN) is a critical global health issue, contributing to high morbidity and mortality rates. Representative risk factors for HTN include aging, genetics, obesity, alcohol drinking, smoking, and diet. Dietary interventions like the Dietary Approaches to Stop HTN (DASH) diet plan effectively prevent and manage HTN. We intend to evaluate the influence of eating patterns on HTN, applying multiple risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For cross-sectional design, study subjects were grouped into four groups: optimal (n = 7,712), normal (n = 1,220), high normal (n = 3,655), and HTN (n = 4,355) according to the 2022 HTN treatment guidelines of Korea. Factor analysis was performed to identify major dietary patterns based on nutritional data obtained from a brief dietary questionnaire, including 17 food items. Finally, we conducted a moderation analysis to evaluate the impact of dietary patterns on the HTN risk score, which is determined by genetic variables, body mass index, alcohol consumption, and smoking status.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified three principal dietary patterns (Korean, Western, and New diet) in the study population. Adherence to the New diet was linked to lower HTN risk in all models (p < 0.001), while the Western and Korean diets were associated with a higher risk of HTN in some models. In high HTN-risk individuals, adherence to the Western diet increased the HTN risk trend (p < 0.001), whereas the New diet showed a potential protective trend (p = 0.059).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The nutritional moderation effect was evident in the HTN high-risk group, where the Western diet increased risk, while the New diet showed a borderline protective effect. If the findings are validated by longitudinal investigation, our findings could serve as the basis for developing dietary guidelines for HTN.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987358/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143972682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the interplay among skin microbiota, cytokines, and T2DM: an insightful Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Zhe Zhang, Chunyu Jiang, Yi-Qi Xing, Tianke Yang, Linxuan Zou, Zhuqiang Jia, Lin Zhao, Xin Han, Xueling Qu, Zhen Zhang, Junwei Zong, Shouyu Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12986-025-00922-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-025-00922-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous observational studies have indicated a correlation between the skin microbiome and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM). It is hypothesized that this causal relationship may be influenced by inflammatory responses. However, these factors as determinants of T2DM remain largely unexplored.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study incorporated data from the GWAS database on the skin microbiome, 91 types of inflammatory cytokines, and T2DM. We employed two-sample MR and multivariable MR methods to assess the correlation between the skin microbiome and T2DM, and to investigate whether this correlation is affected by inflammatory cytokines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results of the two-sample MR analysis indicate that within the skin microbiome, genetically predicted genus: Acinetobacter, class: Alphaproteobacteria, genus: Bacteroides, ASV005[Propionibacterium granulosum], and ASV072[Rothia mucilaginosa] are associated with an increased risk of T2DM, while phylum: Proteobacteria, genus: Enhydrobacter, family: Clostridiales, ASV006[Staphylococcus hominis] serve as protective factors against T2DM. Among the inflammatory cytokines, levels of Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1, Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9, Urokinase-type plasminogen activator, and C-C motif chemokine 28 are associated with an increased risk of T2DM. Multivariable MR analysis further revealed that Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 levels act as a mediating factor between ASV072[Rothia mucilaginosa] and T2DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, we found a connection between the skin microbiome and T2DM, with inflammatory cytokines playing a key role in this relationship. This research helps us better understand this complex link and shows that addressing inflammation is important for preventing and treating diabetes. This could greatly benefit public health by reducing the impact of diabetes and its complications. Our results suggest that future studies should explore the specific biological interactions between the skin microbiome and diabetes to develop more effective risk management and treatment strategies from a microbial perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":19196,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition & Metabolism","volume":"22 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}