Noise & Health最新文献

{"title":"Advances in Research on the Association between Age-Related Hearing Loss and Risk of Falls and Fractures.","authors":"HanQing Shen, DanQing Shen, HuiPing Song","doi":"10.4103/nah.nah_263_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/nah.nah_263_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the rapid aging of the global population, age-related hearing loss and fall-related fractures have become major public health problems that are seriously affecting the quality of life and health expectations of older adults. Traditionally, fall risk has been attributed to factors such as muscle weakness and vision loss. However, in recent years, increasing evidence has suggested that age-related hearing loss is an independent and significant risk factor for falls and related fractures. The aim of this study is to systematically review the epidemiological evidence supporting the association; explore the multiple underlying mechanisms of action, including cognitive load, sensory integration and psychosocial factors; and evaluate the potential value of interventions, such as hearing rehabilitation, in reducing risk of falls and fractures.</p>","PeriodicalId":19195,"journal":{"name":"Noise & Health","volume":"28 132","pages":"527-534"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noise Exposure and Cardiovascular Health in Children: A Review of Current Evidence.","authors":"XianFeng Qu, CuiCui Yuan, XiaoPing Xu, XiaoYan Xu, Yu Wang, ZhenYan Wang","doi":"10.4103/nah.nah_25_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/nah.nah_25_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rapid global urbanisation has increased environmental noise from road traffic, aviation, industry, and community activities, posing a significant public health concern. Children aged 0-18 years are particularly vulnerable to noise exposure due to their immature auditory and cardiovascular systems, high sleep requirements, and limited self-protection capacity, with varying sensitivity across developmental stages (infant, preschool, school-age, and adolescent). Although the association between environmental noise and cardiovascular diseases in adults is well established, evidence in children remains fragmented. Some studies have linked noise exposure to elevated blood pressure, increased obesity risk, and reduced heart rate variability. Underlying pathophysiological mechanisms include activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and sympathetic nervous system, sleep disruption, and induction of vascular oxidative stress and chronic systemic inflammation. Noise and traffic-related air pollutants also have synergistic harmful effects. Current research lacks long-term longitudinal data and has insufficient precision in individualised exposure assessment. Multilevel interventions are needed-individual protection, school/community acoustic modifications, and noise-control policies. This review systematically summarises evidence on noise exposure and paediatric cardiovascular health, elucidates mechanisms, identifies research gaps, and provides a scientific basis for noise prevention strategies to protect this vulnerable population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19195,"journal":{"name":"Noise & Health","volume":"28 132","pages":"535-543"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399459/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tranquillity as a Determinant of Health: A Synthesis of Exposure Surrogates and Operationalization for Environmental Epidemiology.","authors":"Xing Jiang, Nicole Engelmann, Danielle Vienneau, Martin Röösli","doi":"10.4103/nah.nah_261_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/nah.nah_261_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Tranquillity has historically been regarded as a subjective experience of peace and harmony with nature, yet it is increasingly recognized as a measurable environmental characteristic with potential implications for population health and urban planning. This review synthesizes common tranquillity concepts, their environmental surrogates, and links to health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This narrative, conceptual review synthesizes literature identified via iterative PubMed searches (up to May 2025) focused on two domains: environmental exposure surrogates used in epidemiological studies (e.g., green space, natural sound), and indices and modeling approaches developed to spatially map tranquillity. Literature selection was based on conceptual relevance rather than exhaustive coverage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tranquillity is a complex construct characterized by the presence of natural elements and low noise exposure. Evidence consistently links green space to reduced stress, improved mental wellbeing, and lower cardiovascular risk, while natural sounds such as birdsong and flowing water have been shown to promote psychological restoration and mitigate noise-related annoyance. The health relevance of tranquillity, however, is not only shaped by individual environmental inputs but also by their interactions: studies suggest that congruent visual and auditory natural elements elicit stronger restorative effects than either input alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite these insights, existing surrogates and health impact assessments often focus on single exposures, overlooking multisensory dynamics, qualitative aspects such as biodiversity and accessibility, and population-level disparities. Advancing this field requires more integrated and context-sensitive approaches, including longitudinal and multisensory studies, to better quantify the health-promoting potential of tranquillity and inform equitable urban design and policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19195,"journal":{"name":"Noise & Health","volume":"28 132","pages":"566-581"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Workplace Noise-risk Classification with Hearing Protection in Preventing Occupational Hearing Loss.","authors":"XuanYu Chen, LianGong Cai","doi":"10.4103/nah.nah_48_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/nah.nah_48_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of combining workplace noise-risk classification with a hearing protection program to prevent occupational noise-induced hearing loss (ONIHL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study included 400 male noise‑exposed workers from an automotive manufacturing company. Based on workshop‑level protection strategies implemented by the company, participants were assigned to either a control group ( n  = 200, traditional measures) or an observation group ( n  = 200, risk classification plus standardized hearing protection). Outcomes assessed at the end of 2023 included proper personal protective equipment use, average noise exposure, speech-/high‑frequency hearing loss, high‑frequency standard threshold shift (STS), and ONIHL incidence. Statistical comparisons were performed using independent t tests, χ 2 tests, and logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline characteristics were comparable between the groups ( P > 0.05). At follow‑up, the observation group showed significantly better outcomes (all P < 0.05): higher personal protective equipment compliance (87.50% versus 63.00%), lower noise exposure (86.26 ± 1.99 versus 88.72 ± 1.77 dB(A)), and lower rates of speech‑frequency hearing loss (20.00% versus 52.50%), high‑frequency hearing loss (35.00% versus 65.00%), high‑frequency STS (5.00% versus 20.00%), and ONIHL (1.00% versus 5.50%). Job-type subgroup analyses indicated a significant protective effect in stamping (STS: 3.85% versus 15.00%, P  = 0.017), but not in welding (4.48% versus 13.85%, P  = 0.061); machining showed a significant reduction (3.64% versus 14.55%, P  = 0.047).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The integrated strategy was associated with improved protection compliance, reduced noise exposure, and lower hearing loss rates. However, due to the non‑randomized, workshop‑level assignment, causal inferences should be made cautiously. Prospective studies are needed to confirm causality.</p>","PeriodicalId":19195,"journal":{"name":"Noise & Health","volume":"28 132","pages":"640-647"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Hearing Aids in a Simulated Open-Plan Office: A Laboratory Study Involving Normal-Hearing Participants and Simulated Hearing Loss.","authors":"Laurent Brocolini, Marion Volpe, Patrick Chevret, Edith Galy, Vassia Peytcheva-Sigaut, Etienne Parizet, Nicolas F Poncetti","doi":"10.4103/nah.nah_259_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/nah.nah_259_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Over the past decade, the prevalence of hearing aid users in open-plan offices has risen significantly. This study investigates the potential effects of wearing hearing aids on cognitive performance and psychological state in noisy office environments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A laboratory experiment involved 46 normal-hearing participants. Four sound conditions mixed speech with open-plan office noise at varying signal-to-noise ratios. Stimuli were recorded in a semi-anechoic room using an acoustic dummy head with and without hearing aids, and moderate hearing loss was simulated. Participants performed a 1 h 40 min press review task over headphones. Performance, sound environment perception, fatigue and mental workload were assessed. Repeated-measures analyses of variance was performed to analyse the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed a significant principal effect of wearing hearing aids on each of the three dimensions of sound environment perception: noisy ( F (1,44)=70.52, ***p < 0.001, ), annoying ( F (1,44) = 58.40, ***p < 0.001, ) and tiring ( F (1,44) = 34.44, ***p < 0.001, ). In all cases, the environment was perceived more poorly with hearing aids (e.g., mean annoyance = 4.4 vs. 2.7). A small but significant effect was also found on external mental workload ( F (1,45) = 6.1 p* = 0.017, ). No significant effects were detected impacting task performance, perceived fatigue or other workload dimensions (available resources, germane workload).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that, when activities require high levels of concentration, hearing aids may have a detrimental effect on the perception of the sound environment. However, the results highlight the need for collective prevention. Consequently, workspace acoustics should be optimised, regardless of hearing status.</p>","PeriodicalId":19195,"journal":{"name":"Noise & Health","volume":"28 132","pages":"766-779"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Hydrogen Therapy in Hearing Loss.","authors":"CongZhong Wang, Mailudan Ainiwaer, Zheng Jiang, LongHao Wang","doi":"10.4103/nah.nah_141_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/nah.nah_141_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hydrogen (H 2 ) therapy demonstrates selective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties with potential therapeutic value for multiple forms of hearing loss, though consolidated evidence is still lacking.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, searching PubMed, MEDLINE, and DOAJ (until March 1, 2025) for studies on H 2 treatment for noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), drug-induced hearing loss (DIHL), radiotherapy-induced hearing loss (RIHL), and idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL). After screening by two reviewers, 11 studies involving human or animal subjects were included. Data were synthesized by hearing loss type, and the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation tool assessed bias risk in animal studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In NIHL models, H 2 administration reduced Auditory Brainstem Response threshold shifts and improved Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions recovery, while preserving cochlear morphology via reactive oxygen species (ROS) suppression. For DIHL, inhaled H 2 protected hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons through ROS scavenging and apoptosis inhibition. Clinically, H 2 inhalation improved hearing in RIHL patients post-radiotherapy. One randomized trial in ISSNHL showed H 2 combined with standard therapy significantly enhanced hearing recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>H 2 exhibits protective effects in preclinical NIHL and DIHL models, and promising outcomes in clinical RIHL and ISSNHL, primarily via antioxidative and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Further trials are required to establish optimal protocols and confirm efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19195,"journal":{"name":"Noise & Health","volume":"28 132","pages":"544-552"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Study on the Effect of Gradient Noise Exposure Desensitization Training prior to Magnetic Resonance Imaging on Anxiety Levels and Image Quality in Patients with Brain Tumors.","authors":"XueTong Cai, ZiYi Gu","doi":"10.4103/nah.nah_39_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/nah.nah_39_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of pre-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) gradient noise exposure desensitization training on anxiety and MRI image quality in patients with brain tumors and to provide clinical evidence for optimizing MRI protocols.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of 100 patients with brain tumors who underwent brain MRI, dividing them into an observation group ( n  = 50, desensitization training + routine nursing) and a control group ( n  = 50, routine nursing alone). Group comparisons were performed using analysis of covariance or the chi-square test. We evaluated self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores, MRI image quality (signal-to-noise ratio [SNR], artifact grade, and anatomical clarity), incidence of adverse reactions, and examination duration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant difference in SAS score was observed between the two groups 15 min before examination ( P > 0.05). After the examination, the observation group had a significantly lower adjusted mean SAS score (38.62, 95% CI: 37.48-39.76) than the control group (45.53, 95% CI: 44.39-46.67) ( P < 0.001), a higher proportion of excellent image quality (42/50, 84.0% versus 28/50, 56.0%, P  = 0.002), superior signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and anatomical clarity, lower artifact grades (all P < 0.05), a lower incidence of adverse reaction (6.00% versus 20.00%, P  = 0.074), and a shorter examination duration (28.45 ± 3.16 min versus 33.72 ± 4.23 min, P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pre-MRI gradient noise desensitization training effectively alleviates anxiety, shortens examination duration, and improves MRI image quality in patients with brain tumors, supporting its clinical promotion value.</p>","PeriodicalId":19195,"journal":{"name":"Noise & Health","volume":"28 132","pages":"633-639"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction: Effects of Different Levels of Intraoperative Noise Exposure on Postoperative Pain Intensity and Electroencephalogram Total Power in Patients Undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgery under General Anesthesia.","authors":"","doi":"10.4103/nah.nah_171_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/nah.nah_171_26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19195,"journal":{"name":"Noise & Health","volume":"28 132","pages":"784"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399466/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of White Noise Combined with Breastfeeding Guidance on Exclusive Breastfeeding Success Rate and Anxiety Status in Primiparous Women with Delayed Lactation Onset.","authors":"NaNa Gu, XiaoWei Xu","doi":"10.4103/nah.nah_27_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/nah.nah_27_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the effects of white noise combined with breastfeeding guidance on the exclusive breastfeeding success rate, anxiety status, and lactation function in primiparous women with delayed lactation onset; neonatal stress levels; and infants' physical development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 120 primiparous women with delayed lactation onset admitted to Zhejiang Hospital from January 2023 to June 2024. The women were divided into a combination group ( n  = 60; conventional breastfeeding guidance + white noise measure) and a conventional group ( n  = 60; only conventional breastfeeding guidance), with a 4-week nursing period for both groups. The related indicators were compared between the two groups, including exclusive breastfeeding rate, LATCH (Latch, Audible swallowing, Type of nipple, Comfort, Hold/Positioning) score, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) score, lactation indices, neonatal stress scale (NSS) score, and infant growth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After nursing, the combination group had significantly higher exclusive breastfeeding rate ( P  = 0.009) and LATCH score, lower SAS score, shorter lactation onset, and greater residual milk volume than the conventional group (all P < 0.001 except for the breastfeeding rate). The combination group had significantly lower neonatal stress scores and greater grains in weight, length, and head circumference at 4 weeks (all P < 0.001). The combined intervention independently predicted exclusive breastfeeding success (OR = 2.68, 95% CI 1.25-5.76) and was associated with lower SAS (β = -7.28, P  = 0.002), lower NSS scores (β = -2.45, P < 0.001), and shorter lactation onset (β = -10.25, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>White noise combined with breastfeeding guidance can effectively improve the exclusive breastfeeding success rate and lactation function of primiparous women with delayed lactation onset, alleviate maternal anxiety, reduce neonatal stress levels, and promote infant physical development.</p>","PeriodicalId":19195,"journal":{"name":"Noise & Health","volume":"28 132","pages":"623-632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying Machine Learning Models to Predict Occupational Noise-Induced Hearing Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"ZhongHao Wang, YingYing Fan, XueYan Zhang, XiaoXu Liu, ChangYan Yu, LinJie Wu, Wei Qiu, MeiBian Zhang","doi":"10.4103/nah.nah_11_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/nah.nah_11_26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To map and critically appraise prediction models for occupational noise-induced hearing loss (ONIHL) using machine learning (ML) approaches and to evaluate reporting quality and risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven databases were systematically searched. Reporting quality was assessed using the TRIPOD-AI checklist, and risk of bias and applicability were evaluated using the PROBAST tool. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate ML model performance for predicting ONIHL using the area under the curve (AUC), with subgroup analysis by different algorithms and ONIHL definitions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixteen studies were included. Support vector machine (SVM) was the most frequently used algorithm, followed by random forest and artificial neural network (ANN). Age, noise level, and exposure duration were the most common input variables, with little consideration of noise type or its complex temporal structure, and most studies used categorical hearing loss status as the outcome. PROBAST assessment revealed 56% (9/16) of studies at high risk of bias, 38% (6/16) at low risk, and 6% (1/16) at unclear risk; applicability concerns were common (31% at high risk). Meta-analysis of 29 ML models yielded a pooled AUC of 0.788 (95% CI: 0.761-0.813; I2  = 93.4%), while six logistic regression models yielded 0.811 (95% CI: 0.743-0.865; I2  = 87.4%). Subgroup analysis showed that XGBoost and ANN algorithms achieved the highest AUC (both 0.846), and the ONIHL definition was a major source of heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ML models demonstrate potential for predicting ONIHL. However, due to high risk of bias, substantial heterogeneity, and lack of external validation, current evidence should be interpreted with caution. More well-designed studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19195,"journal":{"name":"Noise & Health","volume":"28 132","pages":"553-565"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13399559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148437595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}