Neuroscience Research最新文献

A practical guide for single-cell transcriptome data analysis in neuroscience.

IF 2.4 4区医学

Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2025-03-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.006

Yoshinori Hayakawa, Haruka Ozaki

{"title":"A practical guide for single-cell transcriptome data analysis in neuroscience.","authors":"Yoshinori Hayakawa, Haruka Ozaki","doi":"10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has revolutionized our ability to analyze gene expression at the single-cell level, providing unprecedented insights into cellular heterogeneity, rare cell populations, and dynamic cellular processes. In neuroscience, scRNA-seq has enabled the identification of diverse brain cell types, elucidation of developmental pathways, and discovery of mechanisms underlying neurological diseases. This tutorial provides a practical guide to scRNA-seq data analysis in neuroscience, focusing on the essential workflows and theoretical foundations. Key steps covered include quality control, data preprocessing, integration, cell clustering, and differential expression analysis. Using the Seurat R package, the tutorial demonstrates a comparative analysis approach for identifying differentially expressed genes between conditions, emphasizing the biological interpretation of results. By addressing the unique challenges of scRNA-seq data and illustrating methods for robust analysis, this work aims to enhance the reliability and reproducibility of scRNA-seq studies in neuroscience, supporting the exploration of cellular mechanisms and advancing research into brain function and disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":19146,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancement of beta rebound elicited by proprioceptive stimulation in the sensorimotor cortex by transcranial alternating current stimulation matched to the dominant beta frequency.

IF 2.4 4区医学

Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.008

Mayu Akaiwa, Ryo Kurokawa, Yuya Matsuda, Yasushi Sugawara, Rin Kosuge, Hidekazu Saito, Eriko Shibata, Takeshi Sasaki, Kazuhiro Sugawara

{"title":"Enhancement of beta rebound elicited by proprioceptive stimulation in the sensorimotor cortex by transcranial alternating current stimulation matched to the dominant beta frequency.","authors":"Mayu Akaiwa, Ryo Kurokawa, Yuya Matsuda, Yasushi Sugawara, Rin Kosuge, Hidekazu Saito, Eriko Shibata, Takeshi Sasaki, Kazuhiro Sugawara","doi":"10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can modulate endogenous brain oscillations in a frequency-specific manner. Previous studies have reported that beta tACS modulates the excitability of primary motor cortex and improves task performance. Tactile and proprioceptive stimuli also elicit event-related synchronization of the beta rhythm in contralateral sensorimotor cortex, termed beta rebound, and a strong correlation was reported between proprioception-induced rebound strength and clinical recovery in stroke patients. We investigated the effects of tACS matched to the dominant beta frequency on the strength of proprioception-induced beta rebound.We recorded the beta rebound from 14 healthy young adults in response to passive index finger movement by electroencephalography to determine individual peak beta frequency. Electroencephalograms (EEG) were recorded during passive movements before and after active or sham tACS. We recorded beta rebound of all participants to determine their individual peak frequency of beta rebound prior to this experiment. Active tACS at individually matched frequencies increased beta rebound strength during subsequent passive movement compared to sham tACS in the majority of participants, while the remaining participants demonstrated no significant change or a decrease. These findings on healthy participants provide an essential foundation for further studies on the effects of beta frequency-matched tACS for stroke patient rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19146,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143753639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial: Building Neuroscience with Adaptive Circuit Census.

IF 2.4 4区医学

Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.007

Yoshikazu Isomura

引用次数: 0

Optineurin knock-out forms TDP-43 aggregates to regulate TDP-43 protein levels despite autophagic up-regulation and aberrant TDP-43 expression.

IF 2.4 4区医学

Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.005

Yuta Maetani, Takashi Kurashige, Yui Tada, Kodai Kume, Tomoaki Watanabe, Yusuke Sotomaru, Koji Yamanaka, Hirofumi Maruyama, Hideshi Kawakami

{"title":"Optineurin knock-out forms TDP-43 aggregates to regulate TDP-43 protein levels despite autophagic up-regulation and aberrant TDP-43 expression.","authors":"Yuta Maetani, Takashi Kurashige, Yui Tada, Kodai Kume, Tomoaki Watanabe, Yusuke Sotomaru, Koji Yamanaka, Hirofumi Maruyama, Hideshi Kawakami","doi":"10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optineurin is a causative gene of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and has many roles in processes such as autophagy and inflammation. However, it is unclear how optineurin causes ALS. Optineurin knock-out (Optn-KO) mice, which have been generated by several researchers, exhibit motor neuron degeneration and TDP-43 aggregates, but no motor deficits. Motor dysfunction in ALS model mice is associated with TDP-43 in the spinal cord. We bred Optn-KO mice with TDP-43 overexpression transgenic mice and evaluated whether increased TDP-43 protein causes motor deficits and whether Optn-KO affects TDP-43 protein level. Optn-KO mice had spinal TDP-43 protein levels and motor function comparable to wild-type mice, and TDP-43-transgenic (TDP-43-tg) mice resulted in motor dysfunction and early death. However, double-mutant TDP-43-tg / Optn-KO mice had lower TDP-43 protein levels than TDP-43-tg mice at 18 months age, and showed inhibition of the TBK1-optinerurin autophagic pathway with aging. Furthermore, Optn-KO caused TDP-43-positive cytoplasmic aggregates. TDP-43 overexpression by itself induced spinal microgliosis, but Optn-KO suppressed that microgliosis. Finally, we showed that Optn-KO mice could not exhibit behavioral dysfunction because TDP-43 protein levels were not elevated despite autophagy inhibition. Thus, downregulation of Optn may suppress TDP-43 toxicity by regulating its abundance through aggregate formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19146,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Early postural adjustments in cats during a reaching task reflect strategies to predict the forthcoming target location.

IF 2.4 4区医学

Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.003

Toshi Nakajima, Mirai Takahashi, Kaoru Takakusaki

{"title":"Early postural adjustments in cats during a reaching task reflect strategies to predict the forthcoming target location.","authors":"Toshi Nakajima, Mirai Takahashi, Kaoru Takakusaki","doi":"10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Many types of voluntary movement depend on appropriate postural adjustments. In most situations, such postural adjustments are influenced by learning and are therefore subject to prediction strategies developed through learning. To address how these prediction strategies affect early postural adjustments (EPAs) that occur several hundred milliseconds before movement, we trained two cats in a reaching task where the location of the target was predictable through learning. At the beginning of each trial, the cat stood still with each paw on a force plate for several hundred milliseconds. A target then appeared on either side of a horizontal touch panel, prompting the cat to lift a forepaw. A food reward followed upon holding the target with the forepaw. Target location was alternated every three rewarded trials: one SWITCH followed by two STAY trials. In both cats, EPAs prior to target onset in STAY trials were significantly dependent on the predetermined target location, indicating that they anticipated the target location as a part of their strategy. In SWITCH trials, EPAs aligned with the subsequent STAY trials in both switch directions for one cat, but only in one direction for the other, suggesting that they developed different strategies to handle target location switches.</p>","PeriodicalId":19146,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The parental brain: Anatomization of 75 years of neuroscience 1951-2024.

IF 2.4 4区医学

Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.002

Alessandro Carollo, Lucrezia Torre, Marc H Bornstein, Gianluca Esposito

{"title":"The parental brain: Anatomization of 75 years of neuroscience 1951-2024.","authors":"Alessandro Carollo, Lucrezia Torre, Marc H Bornstein, Gianluca Esposito","doi":"10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies of the parental brain have garnered significant attention, revealing neurobiological and psychological changes associated with caregiving. Here, we provide a comprehensive, data-driven overview of the scientific literature on the parental brain, analyzing a large dataset to map the field's knowledge structure. Our objectives include identifying influential authors, contributing countries, publication sources, and commonly used keywords as well as highlighting the most impactful documents and primary thematic areas of research. We analyzed 656 documents (and their 39,302 cited references) from Scopus using CiteSpace software for document co-citation analysis. Our analysis identified 17 key documents, of which the most influential focused on neural correlates of maternal and romantic love and maternal brain responses to infant cues in relation to attachment style. Our analysis additionally identified 10 major thematic domains in the parental brain literature. Qualitative analysis of research clusters revealed a trajectory in the study of the parental brain, progressing from foundational studies on dendritic spine density and maternal memory to the exploration of shared mammalian and human-specific brain networks underlying parental behaviors. Our study points to a growing interest in understanding neurobiological changes in fathers, with parental involvement and exposure to infant cues as moderating factors. The parental brain is a plastic, dynamic network, with bio-behavioral synchrony playing a central role as an interpersonal mechanism that enhances specificity of attachments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19146,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neural circuit research using molecular barcode technology. 利用分子条形码技术进行神经回路研究。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2025-03-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.004

Yasuhiro Go

{"title":"Neural circuit research using molecular barcode technology.","authors":"Yasuhiro Go","doi":"10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In neuroscience research, the primary goal is to understand the complex morphological and anatomical structures of the brain and their physiological and behavioral functional relationships or to understand the causality of diseases that manifest as dysfunction of the brain, and various technologies have been developed to achieve this goal. These include imaging techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and positron emission tomography (PET), which noninvasively visualize brain structure and activity; electrophysiological techniques that measure intracellular potentials and currents and analyze cell electrical properties to understand brain activity; techniques to explore how gene expression affects brain function; genetic methods such as gene knockout/knock-in to study how brain cells function; and computational neuroscience methods such as mathematical modeling and simulation to understand the principles of how brain networks operate. Among these, recent advances, particularly the development of 'single-cell omics analysis,' have led to a paradigm shift in neuroscience research. This technique allows the comprehensive study of the unique genetic and molecular characteristics of individual brain cells at the single-cell level. In this paper, I review the application of single-cell omics analysis, which has advanced dramatically in recent years, to various neuroscience problems, mainly how it contributes to the structure and function of neural circuits, a modality unique to the cranial nervous system.</p>","PeriodicalId":19146,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neural coding: Foundational concepts, statistical formulations, and recent advances.

IF 2.4 4区医学

Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2025-03-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.03.001

Hideaki Shimazaki

引用次数: 0

Spinal nociceptive hypersensitivity induced by intramuscular capsaicin in rats subjected to multiple continuous stress

IF 2.4 4区医学

Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2025.02.009

Rikuo Yamamoto , Koji Wakatsuki , Masaya Yasui , Hiroki Ota , Kazue Mizumura , Toru Taguchi

{"title":"Spinal nociceptive hypersensitivity induced by intramuscular capsaicin in rats subjected to multiple continuous stress","authors":"Rikuo Yamamoto , Koji Wakatsuki , Masaya Yasui , Hiroki Ota , Kazue Mizumura , Toru Taguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.neures.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neures.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Persistent physical and psychological stress is highly relevant to the development of chronic muscle pain; however, the neural mechanisms underlying stress-induced hyperalgesia remain largely unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the peripheral and spinal mechanisms of stress-induced muscle hyperalgesia using a rat model developed under multiple continuous stress (MCS) by keeping rats in a cage filled with shallow water (1.5 cm in depth) for 5 or 6 days. In the MCS rats, intramuscular injection of capsaicin (300 μM, 50 μL), which activates TRPV1-positive muscular C-fiber nociceptors, increased pain-related facial expressions scored using a rat grimace scale. Intramuscular capsaicin injections induced significant c-Fos expression throughout the ipsilateral spinal dorsal horn (laminae I–VI) at segments L3–L5 in rats exposed to MCS, when compared to naïve control rats. Increased c-Fos expression was also observed on the contralateral side in the MCS group. Single-fiber electrophysiological recordings using <em>ex vivo</em> muscle-nerve preparations revealed that neither the general characteristics nor the responsiveness of muscular C-fibers to noxious stimuli were altered in the MCS group. These results indicate that spinal nociceptive hypersensitivity is associated with muscle pain induced by MCS. However, it is unlikely to be mediated by altered responses to muscular C-fiber nociceptors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19146,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Research","volume":"213 ","pages":"Pages 51-59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dopamine release in striatal striosome compartments in response to rewards and aversive outcomes during classical conditioning in mice 在小鼠的经典条件反射过程中，纹状体中多巴胺的释放是对奖励和厌恶结果的反应。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Neuroscience Research Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2024.11.002

Tomohiko Yoshizawa, Makoto Funahashi

{"title":"Dopamine release in striatal striosome compartments in response to rewards and aversive outcomes during classical conditioning in mice","authors":"Tomohiko Yoshizawa, Makoto Funahashi","doi":"10.1016/j.neures.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neures.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The striatum consists of two anatomically and neurochemically distinct compartments, striosomes and the matrix, which receive dopaminergic inputs from the midbrain and exhibit distinct dopamine release dynamics in acute brain slices. Striosomes comprise approximately 15 % of the striatum by volume and are distributed mosaically. Therefore, it is difficult to selectively record dopamine dynamics in striosomes using traditional neurochemical measurements in behaving animals, and it is unclear whether distinct dynamics play a role in associative learning. In this study, we used transgenic mice selectively expressing Cre in striosomal neurons, combined with a fiber photometry technique, to selectively record dopamine release in striosomes during classical conditioning. Water-restricted mice could distinguish the conditioned stimulus (CS) associated with saccharin water from the air-puff-associated CS. The air-puff-associated CS evoked phasic dopamine release only in striosomes. Furthermore, air puff presentation induced dopamine release to striosomal neurons but suppressed release to striatal neurons non-selectively recorded. These findings suggest that dopamine is released in a differential manner in striosomes and the matrix in behaving animals and that dopamine release in striosomes is preferentially induced by the air-puff-associated CS and air puff presentation. These findings support the hypothesis that striosomal neurons play a dominant role in aversive stimuli prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19146,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience Research","volume":"212 ","pages":"Pages 61-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142624297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0