Neuroendocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Immune-protection and therapeutic effects of neuropeptide Y on largemouth bass infected with Aeromonas Hydrophila.","authors":"Tao Yang, Kingwai Lai, Ruyue Sun, Diyang Liu, Jiaqi Li, Meiqing Li, Chaowei Song, Tiansheng Zhu, Wensheng Li","doi":"10.1159/000552383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000552383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a crucial neuroregulatory factor known to mediate diverse physiological functions in mammals, including the regulation of brain activity, vasoconstriction, feeding behavior, lipid metabolism, and immune responses. Our previous studies have demonstrated that NPY plays a significant regulatory role in the immune systems of fish. For the next，we further want to know whether NPY can be used for treatment when fish are infected with pathogenic bacteria in aquaculture.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we examined the impact of A. hydrophila infection on inflammatory responses, cellular apoptosis, and intestinal morphology in juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). And then, for the first time, we explored the immune-protective and therapeutic effects of NPY on largemouth bass infected with A. hydrophila.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was observed that A. hydrophila infection caused severe damage to juvenile largemouth bass, including intestinal injury, mortality elevation and inflammatory factors significant deterioration. Notably, in A. hydrophila infected largemouth bass, intraperitoneal administration of NPY reduced the overexpression of pro-inflammatory immune factors, TNF-α, enhanced resistance to inflammatory stimuli, and mitigated tissue inflammatory damage and cellular apoptosis induced by A. hydrophila.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results demonstrate that NPY has a therapeutic effect on fish infected with bacteria by eliminating inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19117,"journal":{"name":"Neuroendocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"1-29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147864278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the Research Landscape and Emerging Trends in Hashimoto&apos;s Encephalopathy: A CiteSpace-Based Visualization Analysis.","authors":"Qian Wang, Ningjing Cai, Zhiguo Ding, Junhui Wang, Peijin Li","doi":"10.1159/000552032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000552032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hashimoto's thyroiditis is the leading cause of hypothyroidism in iodine-sufficient regions and is often accompanied by various comorbid conditions. Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE) represents one of its most severe neurological complications. This study aims to provide clinicians and researchers with a comprehensive understanding of recent research trends in HE.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrieved global publications on HE from 1990 to 2025 from the Web of Science Core Collection database. Bibliometric analysis was conducted utilizing CiteSpace.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As of now, 641 publications on HE have been authored by researchers across 65 countries. Yoneda Makoto has authored the largest number of publications on HE, while Brain L. is the most frequently co-cited author. The Mayo Clinic emerges as the leading institution in HE research, and the United States ranks first in terms of publication volume, maintaining a dominant position in the field. Neurology stands out as both the most prolific journal in terms of publications and the most frequently co-cited source. An analysis of keywords and cited references reveals that current research hotspots in HE primarily center on its clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and serological biomarkers-particularly the role of anti-α-enolase antibodies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These focal points reflect ongoing efforts to better characterize the disease and enhance diagnostic accuracy. In addition, the integration of emerging technologies-such as advanced imaging, high-throughput omics, and machine learning-holds promise for developing novel strategies aimed at the early detection and more precise diagnosis of HE, potentially improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19117,"journal":{"name":"Neuroendocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"1-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147856858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural innervation of adipose tissue: current understanding and future perspective.","authors":"Chun-Ning Wang, Chun Yang","doi":"10.1159/000551952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000551952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adipose tissue plays a pivotal role in metabolic homeostasis regulation. It is predominantly innervated by sympathetic efferent and sensory afferent nerves, forming a bidirectional communication network. Although the sympathetic innervation of adipose tissue has been extensively studied before, several novel insights have been provided recently. In contrast, the functional significance of sensory innervation in adipose tissue remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This review summarized recent advances between adipocytes and nerve innervation in metabolic regulation. Furthermore, we demonstrated the interplay between immune cells and nerve fibers within adipose tissue, as well as the crosstalk between sympathetic efferent and sensory afferent nerves in metabolic processes. Our review suggests targeting zinc/Mg supplementation, the Calsyntenin-3β (Clstn3β)-S100b, and the leptin-brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) axis have become promising therapies to treat obesity and other metabolic diseases. Of note, the sympathetic innervation is vital for adipose adaptation to long-term metabolic challenges with different energy demands, and it remains to be explored whether sensory nerves have similar capacity upon different energy challenges, particularly in different strains of rodents as well as across species.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>1. The crosstalk in adipose tissue microenvironment plays an essential role in metabolic homeostasis regulation. 2. The functions and mechanisms of sensory afferent nerves and the dynamic interplay between sympathetic efferent and sensory afferent nerves in adipose tissue represent a critical frontier for more detailed research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19117,"journal":{"name":"Neuroendocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"1-26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of subclinical hypothyroidism with suicide attempts in early- versus late-onset major depressive disorder.","authors":"Yu-Jiao Yuan, Hui-Hua Qu, Zhe Li, Yu-Yu Zhao, Ke Liu, Xin Li, Yu-Mei Zhang, Dong-Hua Tian, Su-Xia Li, Xiang-Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1159/000552317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000552317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have associated major depressive disorder (MDD) with thyroid function. However, the relationship between subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) and suicide attempts (SAs) in patients with MDD different ages at onset remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association between SCH and SAs in patients with MDD different ages at onset.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We categorized 1708 patients with MDD into early (EOG, 18-44 years) and late onset (LOG, 45-60 years) groups. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), and the positive sub-scale of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PS-PANSS) were utilized to assess patients' emotion status and psychotic symptoms. Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Free triiodothyronine (FT3), and Free thyroxine (FT4) were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the EOG, the LOG had a higher proportion of females, higher marriage rate, lower education level, longer disease duration, higher HAMD, HAMA and PS-PANSS scores, higher TSH, lower FT3, and higher proportion of SCH. In the EOG, compared with those without SAs, those with SAs had a longer disease duration, shorter education, higher HAMD, HAMA and PS-PANSS scores, higher TSH levels, accompanied by a higher incidence of SCH. While, in the LOG, compared with those without SAs, those with SAs had higher HAMD, HAMA and PS-PANSS scores, and higher TSH levels, but no significant difference in the incidence of SCH. The risk factors for SAs in the EOG, included disease duration (OR = 1.038, 95% CI 1.001 -1.077), HAMD (OR = 1.122 95% CI 1.036-1.214), HAMA (OR = 1.302, 95% CI 1.217 -1.392), PS-PANSS (OR = 0.954, 95% CI 0.912 - 0.997), and TSH level (OR = 1.224, 95% CI 1.143-1.311), while in the LOG, encompassed HAMA (OR = 1.213, 95% CI 1.096 -1.343) and TSH levels (OR = 1.140, 95% CI 1.028-1.264).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated TSH levels and greater anxiety severity were associated with SAs in first-episode, drug-naïve patients with MDD, and correlates of SAs appeared to differ between early- and late-onset groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":19117,"journal":{"name":"Neuroendocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147840759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Many Faces of Acromegaly: Understanding Its Clinical and Biological Heterogeneity.","authors":"Miriam da Costa Oliveira, Diego Paixão Côrtes Aguiar, Matheus Nejar Coan","doi":"10.1159/000552031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000552031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acromegaly, in 95% of cases resulting from a PitNET that hypersecretes growth hormone, is constantly revisited in the literature due to the repercussions on morbidity and mortality and difficulties that persist in early diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>To shorten the interval between the onset of acromegaly manifestations and the diagnosis, our goal was to summarize the main situations that deviate from the typical presentation of the disease, highlighting the variability in phenotypic features, biochemical findings, and growth hormone tumor expression. These non-classic findings contribute to the difficulties in managing the disease. The narrative literature review emphasized the diversity of presentations and privileged recent and relevant publications.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>The diagnosis of acromegaly can be challenging due to atypical clinical and biochemical presentations. Clinically, difficulties arise from the continuum of facial feature changes, which depend on several factors, including varying tissue sensitivity to excess GH. Biochemically, challenges include discordant GH and IGF-1 values, GH suppressibility in response to glucose, and borderline IGF-1 levels. There is also a wide range of immunohistochemical GH expressions in acromegaly, from complete absence of GH to rare multihormonal combinations. Awareness of these atypical forms of acromegaly presentation can improve early recognition and lead to timely diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19117,"journal":{"name":"Neuroendocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress-induced activation of orexin-A neurons in the lateral hypothalamus is similar in prepubertal and adult male and female rats despite age-dependent differences in hormonal stress reactivity.","authors":"Chelsea A Seidel, Sofia Cruz, Juliet Ortiz, Russell D Romeo","doi":"10.1159/000552033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000552033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pubertal development is associated with changes in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity, which may contribute to the increase in stress-related vulnerabilities observed during adolescence. In particular, prepubertal rats show significantly protracted stress-induced HPA responses compared to adults. However, the neuroendocrine mechanisms responsible for this developmental change are unclear. In adults, the orexigenic neuropeptide orexin-A has been shown to be a potent modulator of HPA reactivity, and activation of orexin-A neurons aligns with the magnitude of the hormonal stress response. However, it is currently unknown whether pubertal differences in HPA reactivity are associated with changes in orexin-A neurons.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined the hormonal stress response and the number of activated orexin-A neurons in the lateral hypothalamus by co-labeling with c-Fos, a marker of cellular activation, before, during, or after stress exposure in prepubertal (30d) and adult (70d) male and female rats. The number of immunoreactive orexin-A neurons was also quantified in prepubertal (30d), mid-pubertal (45d) and adult (70d) males and females.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found significantly prolonged stress-induced hormonal responses in prepubertal males and females compared to their adult counterparts. However, we found no developmental differences in either the number of orexin-A cells or their stress-induced activation in either sex.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data suggest minimal association between stress-induced activity of orexin-A neurons and pubertal-related differences in hormonal stress reactivity. However, these data indicate that the number of orexin-A cells is relatively stable throughout adolescent development, and that orexin-A neurons are sensitive to stressors prior to pubertal maturation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19117,"journal":{"name":"Neuroendocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between patterns of neuroendocrine liver metastatic burden and outcomes after liver-directed therapy, systemic chemotherapy and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy.","authors":"Cathal O Apos Leary, David James Tischfield, Rony Avritscher, Ghassan El-Haddad, Ricardo Garcia-Monaco, Nicholas Fidelman, Namrata Vijayvergia, Pamela L Kunz, Nicholas Seewald, Michael Soulen","doi":"10.1159/000551977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000551977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction Patients with liver-dominant metastatic neuroendocrine tumor (NET) have multiple treatment options. Post hoc analysis of NETTER-1 suggested that tumor size but not tumor burden predicted progression-free survival (PFS), contrary to prior publications. Analysis of imaging datasets from two completed multicenter prospective clinical trials for capecitabine-temozolomide (CapTem) and liver-directed therapy (LDT), and an institutional cohort of patients treated with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) was performed to investigate whether subgroups of liver metastatic disease based on lesion size, lesion number and tumor burden may guide treatment selection. Methods Image review from a similar number of patients with liver metastases from each cohort were categorized by number, maximum diameter, and tumor burden as a fraction of liver volume (n=219). Morphologic categories were then correlated with response and PFS by RECIST criteria. Descriptive and graphical analyses were followed by multivariable modeling to test treatment-by-stratum interaction. Results Imaging features were not associated with statistically significant differences in response or PFS for the three therapies or the entire analyzed population. The ORR for LDT, PRRT and CapTem were 65%, 38% and 25% (p<0.001), respectively, with an odds ratio favoring LDT of 5.45 vs. CapTem and 3.0 vs. PRRT. The respective median PFS were LDT 18.9 months [95%CI 16.3-24], PRRT 21.6 [14.3-26.7], and 16.6 [11.5-29] for CapTem (p=0.99). Conclusion LDT had the highest response rate of these distinct cohorts. PFS was not different between modalities. Imaging features did not predict treatment outcome within a particular modality nor to favor one over another when triaging patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19117,"journal":{"name":"Neuroendocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxytocin and Nociceptive Processing: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential.","authors":"Takashi Maruyama, Hiromichi Ueno, Hiroaki Fujihara, Yoichi Ueta","doi":"10.1159/000551710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000551710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oxytocin (OXT), a neuropeptide synthesized in the hypothalamic paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic nuclei (SON), is traditionally known for its roles in parturition and lactation. However, accumulating evidence indicates that OXT also functions as an endogenous analgesic modulator acting through central and peripheral pathways. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding the role of OXT for pain modulation, focusing on descending hypothalamo-spinal projections, peripheral neuroendocrine mechanisms, and novel experimental approaches using transgenic and chemogenetic rat models. We also discuss new findings on the OXT-mediated analgesic effects of the traditional Kampo medicine Kamikihi-to and chemogenetic activation of OXT neurons in fibromyalgia models. Together, these studies establish OXT as a multi-level modulator of nociception, bridging neuroendocrinology and pain research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19117,"journal":{"name":"Neuroendocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147654500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anxiety, Depression and Quality of Life in Neuroendocrine Neoplasm Patients: Insights from Regression and Network Analysis.","authors":"Kuan Zhao, Yun Liang, Jie Chen, Wei Feng","doi":"10.1159/000551891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000551891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are rare, heterogeneous malignancies with rising incidence and poor survival outcomes in China. In addition to physical symptoms, NEN patients frequently experience significant psychological distress and reduced quality of life (QOL). However, comprehensive studies on their psychological profiles and QOL are limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with NENs were recruited from the oncology outpatient clinic at Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. Psychological status and QOL were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire-7 (GAD-7), and the Quality of Life Questionnaire-Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors-21 (QLQ-GI.NET21). Data were analyzed using multivariable regression and network analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 327 patients were included. Notably, 112 patients (34.3%) exhibited significant depressive symptoms and 114 (34.9%) significant anxiety. Non-metastatic NEN patients demonstrated higher anxiety. Survival time, gender, tumor site, and cancer stage significantly influenced anxiety and depression scores. In the gastrointestinal subgroup, G3-grade patients experienced greater distress and poorer QOL. Network analysis revealed a complex interrelationship among anxiety, depression, and QOL dimensions. High-centrality nodes included GAD2 (\"uncontrollable worry\"), the QLQ-GI.NET21 social function domain, GAD5 (\"restlessness\"), PHQ9 (\"suicide\"), and PHQ4 (\"fatigue\"). Key bridge symptoms were identified as PHQ2 (\"sad mood\"), GAD5 (\"inability\"), the QLQ-GI.NET21 sexual function domain, PHQ1 (\"anhedonia\"), and GAD7 (\"feeling afraid\"). Gender and metastatic status did not significantly affect network structure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the need for integrated psychological assessments and tailored interventions throughout treatment, particularly for high-risk subgroups. The core symptoms and bridge nodes identified provide promising targets for reducing psychological distress in NEN patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19117,"journal":{"name":"Neuroendocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147645873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Potential Neural Nuclei and Circuits Underlying Asthma: A Comprehensive Review.","authors":"Ziteng Wang, Zhenchun Shi, Jingyu Xian, Zengxun Liu, Jinhao Sun","doi":"10.1159/000551836","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000551836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory airway disease, characterized clinically by recurrent wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and cough. The roles of inflammatory cells such as T cells, eosinophils, and basophils in asthma are now well established. Recent studies have further revealed that the nervous system is not merely a \"bystander\" to the inflammatory response. Consequently, the peripheral nerves and the neural nuclei involved in asthma have attracted increasing research interest.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This review summarizes the currently identified peripheral and central nerves implicated in transmitting airway inflammatory signals in asthma. It describes the principal mechanisms through which various brain nuclei - including nucleus tractus solitarius, paraventricular nucleus, and amygdala - participate in asthma regulation. We also discuss whether these nuclei interact to form specific neural circuits that modulate the disease. First-line anti-inflammatory medications remain ineffective for a subset of patients, and current pharmacological interventions targeting neural pathways show limited clinical efficacy.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>A clear elucidation of the neural circuits regulating asthma would advance our understanding of its pathogenesis, offer new directions and targets for drug development, and raise the possibility of treating asthma through direct central nervous system interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19117,"journal":{"name":"Neuroendocrinology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147628153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}