{"title":"Participation in Practice: A comparative Evaluation of Community Members’ Level of Involvement in Management of Rural and Urban Forests in Kenya","authors":"V. K. Boiyo, J. Mutune, J. K. Kiemo","doi":"10.31871/WJIR.6.4.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31871/WJIR.6.4.19","url":null,"abstract":"Participatory system of governance entails involvement of stakeholders in the process of policy formulation, implementation and decision making. Studies done on the subject of participation in forest management has considered participation in general without going into the details of level of participation and decision making. Furthermore, this studies have had a bias on participation in rural set up and thus there is little that has been documented on participation in the context of urban forests. This study was conducted to establish the level of CFA members’ participation and decision making in rural forests as compared to urban forests. Kiptuget Forest in Baringo County and Ngong Road Forest in Nairobi City County were purposefully selected to represent rural and urban forests respectively. The study employed both primary data collected using questionnaires and key informants interviews and secondary data collected from review of PFM technical reports, articles, and publications. Data was analyzed using percentages, statistical measures of central tendencies, tabulations, frequencies and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).The study revealed that that NRFA had more regular and well attended meeting compared to KICOFA where meetings were only held when necessary. It was further established that majority of the members of NRFA (41.5%) were engaged at a consultative level of decision making while majority of members of KICOFA (65.4%) were involved at an informative level of decision making. It was also noted that due to its better financial capacity, NRFA had managed to hire scouts to help in monitoring and enforcement of forest regulations. The study recommends that the legislature should work on reviewing the legal framework and regulations governing PFM implementation to grant more decision making powers to the CFA, the CFAs and KFS should work together to build the capacity of CFAs for them to effectively participate in co management of the forest.","PeriodicalId":191047,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Innovative Research","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125626079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Akinola, O. Fatunmibi, O. Alake, A. E. Asagbra, O. O. Onawola
{"title":"Proximate and Mineral Composition of Locally Sourced Suya Spices Sold In Agege Area of Lagos State","authors":"T. Akinola, O. Fatunmibi, O. Alake, A. E. Asagbra, O. O. Onawola","doi":"10.31871/WJIR.6.4.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31871/WJIR.6.4.25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":191047,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Innovative Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125116765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identification of Critical Control Points in Some Nigerian Fermented Foods and Seasonings","authors":"Asagbra A. E., Onawola O.O., Okeagu M.O.","doi":"10.31871/WJIR.6.4.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31871/WJIR.6.4.26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":191047,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Innovative Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122380985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Noise Survey of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital","authors":"F. Nte, O. L. Gbarato","doi":"10.31871/WJIR.6.4.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31871/WJIR.6.4.22","url":null,"abstract":"21 www.wjir.org AbstractNoise survey of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital “A”, “B” = class room environment and “C” = Hostel environment of the University of Port Harcourt was carried. The study permit by the ethics committees was obtained and covers noise evaluation of the teaching hospital environment. The noise ranged 52 dBA around the wards, 72 dBA around the Motor Park and 112dBA at generator yard of the utility unit. Noise level around the class rooms “B” ranged 57 dBA while lectures are on and 75 dBA when lectures are over, depending on the hall size. The University hostel areas “C” had noise level of 55 dBA during examination week and 78 dBA during the student union week due to games, politics and cultural activities with high electronic sound blast. The statistical analyses of the minimum and maximum range is reflected in tables1, 2, 3 which shows a very high variability between the minimum A and maximum A while maximum B and maximum C shows a great correlation. A participatory interphase shows that electronic, radio and television noise, including telephone calls and crowed of visitors can affect the next inmate psychologically and health wise beyond the sound intensity because of compact bed spaced despite visiting hours, the hostels and open wards needs health educators while side roomexperience is different and effectively coordinated in favour of the private hospitals.","PeriodicalId":191047,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Innovative Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133115900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evidential Imperatives in Election Petitions in Nigeria","authors":"E. Q. O. Esq","doi":"10.31871/WJIR.6.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31871/WJIR.6.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"Election Petition is the only viable and reorganized alternative open to any person or party dissatisfied with the conduct of an election under our laws to ventilate his or her grievances. Over the years, litigants/petitioners have continued to patronize the election petition tribunals/courts with minimal or no success as most of the petitions ended up being thrown out for non-compliance with the applicable electoral legislations or want of proof. The objective of this paper is to examine why it is a near impossibility to prove election petitions anchored on some grounds and also to proffer away out. The paper also advocates by way of recommendation that the electoral umpire (INEC) and judges should uphold substantial justice over and above technicalities; further, the requirement of proof of non-compliance should be made optional or a mid-course approach be adopted in proof of corrupt practices instead of proof beyond reasonable doubt in cases of allegations that have criminal undertone as currently practiced in Nigeria. It is hoped that by the mid-course approach with respect to proof of corrupt practices, the mere fact that it can be established that an election is riddled with corrupt practices, should be sufficient to void such an election without necessarily proving substantial non-compliance with the relevant provisions of the Electoral Act and other laws on that behalf; and without also necessarily establishing the link between the Respondent and the person(s) who carried out the alleged corrupt practices, et cetera.","PeriodicalId":191047,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Innovative Research","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127180043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Solvent on the Oil Yield of Treculia Africana Seed Flour","authors":"I. Otaraku, Y. P. Nwambo, I. Egun","doi":"10.31871/WJIR.6.3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31871/WJIR.6.3.14","url":null,"abstract":"This paper looks at the extraction of oil from African Breadfruit (Treculia Africana) seeds using different solvents. The seeds were crushed into powder and the oil was extracted from the powder. The method of extraction employed was soxhlet (Solvent extraction method). The solvents used were Acetone, N-hexane, Ethanol, Petroleum Ether and Diethyl ether. The amount of oil extracted by each solvent was recorded and the % yield was calculated.Conc. Diethyl ether had the highest % yield of 15.02 while Ethanol had the lowest % yield of 0.2. Also there was a significant difference in the yield of oil extracted byDiethyl ether and Conc. Diethyl ether showing that the concentration of a particular solvent has an effect on the quantity of oil yield.","PeriodicalId":191047,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Innovative Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125875178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tuberculosis Treatment Outcome in a Tertiary Hospital in South Eastern Nigeria; a Five Year Retrospective Study","authors":"Njelita I.A., Nwachukwu C.C., Umeh U.M., Ufoaroh C.U., Eyisi I.G., O. D.C.","doi":"10.31871/WJIR.6.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31871/WJIR.6.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries of the world. Monitoring tuberculosis treatment outcomes is important in evaluating the effectiveness of tuberculosis control programme. This study investigated the outcome of tuberculosis treatment at Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital (COOUTH) in South Eastern Nigeria. This a retrospective analysis of tuberculosis patients registered at COOUTH from January 2013 to January 2018. The secondary data was obtained from the facility central tuberculosis register, with treatment outcome and tuberculosis type categorized based on the guideline of National Tuberculosis, Leprosy and Buruli ulcer Control Programme (NTBLCP) of Nigeria. The association of treatment outcome with demographic characteristics and other clinical factors was analyzed using the Chi-square test. Out of the 578 tuberculosis patients, 74.2% were successfully treated, 18.9% were lost to follow up, 5.7% died and 0.3% had treatment failure. Outcome of tuberculosis treatment was significantly associated with age, site of disease and HIV status of patients. Tuberculosis treatment outcome in COOUTH was satisfactory. However, patients at risk of unsuccessful outcome should be identified promptly and granted appropriate support and follow-up.","PeriodicalId":191047,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Innovative Research","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132435808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Restructuring and Re-alignment of Extant Primary and Junior Secondary Schools Curricula: Challenges to Basic Science and Value Education","authors":"M. Cyril, U. Muhammad, Comfort Bissallah Ekele","doi":"10.31871/WJIR.6.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31871/WJIR.6.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Before now, the existing curricula used in Nigeria primary and secondary schools have been described as being overloaded, as such could not induce in learners the needed entrepreneurial skills for self reliance and the ability to response to challenges posed by globalization. In an attempt to bridge these observable limitations, the National Education Research and Development Council (NERDC) restructured and re-aligned all extant primary and junior Secondary Schools Curricula, which gave rise to the new 9-year Basic Education Curriculum. This trend has left much to be desired. Hence, this paper is an attempt to identify and give answers to some basic challenges posed by the approaches adopted to reduce the overload identified in the curricula with respect to subject listings and composites subjects presented under sub-themes. Particular references were made to religion and national values as well as basic science and technology. It highlighted the basic features of the basic education curriculum, composite subjects and their corresponding sub-themes. Finally the paper suggested among others, that subject matters which are centered on values and skills acquisition should be presented to the learner in their own right and practices not under sub-themes. Secondly, ambiguous subject listing under a sub-theme would only compound content delivery and assessment requirements.","PeriodicalId":191047,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Innovative Research","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129386217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of „Triad‟ of Transactional Leadership Behaviours in Enhancing Seminary Students‟ Participation in Teaching – Learning Milieu","authors":"H. Ishola-Esan","doi":"10.31871/WJIR.6.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31871/WJIR.6.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":191047,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Innovative Research","volume":"333 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116645087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}