Alan V Saldanha, Rayana M R Carvalho, Carolina F M Machado, João Paulo Souza, Lessando M Gontijo
{"title":"Agricultural Intensification Affects Communities of Plants and Arthropods in Field Borders and Their Potential to Engender Biological Control.","authors":"Alan V Saldanha, Rayana M R Carvalho, Carolina F M Machado, João Paulo Souza, Lessando M Gontijo","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01296-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-025-01296-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In agriculture, spontaneous field border vegetation offers numerous benefits, such as reducing soil erosion, enhancing carbon sequestration, conserving biodiversity, and supporting biological control. However, the extent of these benefits often depends on the contexts of location and time. As for biological control, field borders can promote natural enemy conservation if the plants therein can provide adequate resources (e.g. shelter, alternative food, microclimate). In the context of location, field borders can be adjacent to areas with varying degrees of agricultural intensification, including fields with annual crops, perennial crops, or forest areas. While many studies have investigated how field borders can influence arthropod communities in adjacent crops, the opposite direction of effect (i.e. how crop areas can influence adjacent field borders) remains an underexplored topic. Therefore, in this three-season study, we selected vegetated field borders next to annual crops, perennial crops, and forest areas, to study their communities of spontaneous plants and arthropods as well as their potential to engender biological control nearby. In general, our results indicate that both plant and arthropod community composition were influenced by the type of adjacent land use and season. Field border vegetation next to areas with higher level of agricultural intensification (i.e. annual or perennial crops) harbored more herbivores, flowers, and natural enemies, although some of these results were season dependent. Field borders adjacent to annual or perennial crop areas promoted stronger biological control of aphids, likely due to complementary food resources (herbivores and floral resources) provided for natural enemies by the plants within those borders. Taken altogether, our results reinforce the importance of preserving spontaneous field border vegetation, especially in areas under intensive agriculture management.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144753887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luísa L Mota, Patrícia Avelino Machado, André Victor Lucci Freitas, Noemy Seraphim
{"title":"About Bamboo, Ants, Scales and a Strange New Butterfly: Four-Level Interactions and the Evolution of Complex Life-History Traits in Annulata (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae).","authors":"Luísa L Mota, Patrícia Avelino Machado, André Victor Lucci Freitas, Noemy Seraphim","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01285-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-025-01285-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Annulata J. Hall is a recently described monotypic riodinid genus composed of a single myrmecophilous butterfly species, Annulata annulifera Godman, which occurs in bamboo forests in the Amazonian region. Here, we describe a new species of this genus, Annulata kaminskii Seraphim, Freitas & Mota sp. nov., from the southern Brazilian Amazonia, in addition to its life history and immature stages. This new species is aphytophagous and involved in a four-level trophic interaction with the bamboo plants it inhabits, scale insects whose honeydew and wax it feeds on, and two different, parabiotic ant species that tend to young and older larvae. This is the first case of a butterfly larva observed to offer, as rewards to tending ants, both a secretion produced by specific ant-organs (tentacle nectary organs) and an anal exudate that probably results from its liquid diet. Annulata kaminskii sp. nov. larvae present both tentacle nectary organs and vibratory papillae as ant-organs but anterior tentacle organs are absent. Furthermore, we provide a preliminary attempt at a phylogenetic hypothesis suggesting its systematic position within the Nymphidiini, as a member of the Lemoniadina subtribe (Nymphidiini: Riodininae), despite its lack of anterior tentacle organs. We further discuss the evolution of complex life-history traits in myrmecophilous butterflies in light of current published evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jia Lü, You Li, Shunmin Liu, Muhammad Younas, Lianming Lu, Zhanxu Pu, Li Zhu, Guoqing Chen, Zhendong Huang
{"title":"Investigating the Citrus Aphid Species in Zhejiang, China: Morphometric Analysis and Genetic Distinctions.","authors":"Jia Lü, You Li, Shunmin Liu, Muhammad Younas, Lianming Lu, Zhanxu Pu, Li Zhu, Guoqing Chen, Zhendong Huang","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01299-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13744-025-01299-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are well-known agricultural pests, affecting global crop production both through direct feeding and as the vector of multiple plant viruses. The classification of citrus aphid species was outdated and limited within the Zhejiang Province, China. A comprehensive investigation was conducted to determine the aphid species associated with citrus cultivars from 2019 to 2024. The present study included an analysis of occurrence rate, ecological contexts, and microscope slides photographs of apterous viviparous female, along with the key morphometric parameters such as body length, antenna, rostrum, hind tarsus, cauda, and siphunculi. Our morphological and molecular data revealed five species in this particular citrus region. Among the identified species, Aphis (Aphis) gossypii Glover and A. (A.) spiraecola Patch were the most prevalent, followed by A. (A.) craccivora Koch, A. (Toxoptera) citricidus (Kirkaldy), and A. (T.) aurantii Boyer de Fonscolombe. Furthermore, the genetic variation among aphid clades was assessed using Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) model. The results showed that citrus aphid species exhibits low intraspecific genetic variation and high interspecific genetic variation. Although the morphometric parameters of these aphid species are relatively similar, they can be distinguished through extensive morphological characteristics and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) fragment. Additionally, this study also addresses the historical and current distinctions among A. (A.) spiraecola and A. (T.) citricidus. These findings will significantly contribute to the ongoing research and management of citrus aphids in citrus plantations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12246005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Host Plant Resistance: Is It Time for a New Model?","authors":"Bruno H S Souza","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01300-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-025-01300-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Host plant resistance (HPR) is a fundamental control tactic in integrated pest management programs. The evaluation of plant varieties for the expression of resistance against major insect pests is a key step for recommending and deploying resistant varieties in crops where pest pressure is high. Therefore, the use and publicizing of appropriate terminologies on HPR have a pivotal role in conveying information on effective resistant varieties to the scientific community and farmers. Basically, there are two HPR terminologies being used in the Entomology scientific literature: the classical HPR definition based on the trichotomous model of resistance, i.e., antixenosis, antibiosis, and tolerance; and a more recent proposition dividing plant defense into resistance vs. tolerance, the sichotomous model, which also incorporates the concepts of constitutive vs. induced resistance and direct vs. indirect resistance. In addition, there is scarce information on insect-resistance levels in commercial plant varieties to be divulged in seed labels, with exception of the Bt transgenic varieties. Using unstandardized technical terms on HPR can be confusing and less likely to transmit proper information on resistant varieties, hindering their use in the field. This review discusses the terminologies on HPR, the research gaps, and proposes a concept of what should be considered a resistant variety for practical purposes and uses by farmers, extension services, and the scientific public. Finally, the proposed HPR defense-growth model is presented for appreciation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"82"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Delane Patez Porto, Rosangela Cristina Marucci, Alexandre Dos Santos, Nívia Borges Palhari, Caroline Silva Abreu, Brígida de Souza
{"title":"Potential of Lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) as Predators of the Red Gum Lerp Psyllid Glycaspis brimblecombei (Hemiptera: Aphalaridae) in Eucalyptus.","authors":"Delane Patez Porto, Rosangela Cristina Marucci, Alexandre Dos Santos, Nívia Borges Palhari, Caroline Silva Abreu, Brígida de Souza","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01295-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-025-01295-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The productivity of eucalyptus is threatened by several pests, including the red gum lerp psyllid, Glycaspis brimblecombei, which causes significant losses in forest systems. In Brazil, the lacewings Ceraeochrysa cubana and Chrysoperla externa are common in eucalyptus plantations, but little is known about the behavior of these predators toward the red gum lerp psyllid. This study evaluated the predatory behavior of larvae of both lacewing species on psyllid eggs and nymphs. Subsequently, the predatory capacity and functional response of C. externa were determined in relation to different developmental stages of the psyllid. Predatory capacity was studied for 2nd and 3rd instar larvae of C. externa using eucalyptus leaves naturally infested with 2nd and 3rd instar nymphs of G. brimblecombei. For the functional response, 3rd instar larvae, 24 h after ecdysis, were supplied with psyllid eggs at densities of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 eggs per predator larva. The results showed that larvae of both predators exhibit differences in their behavioral parameters, regardless of the developmental stage. Chrysoperla externa larvae are capable of preying on eggs and nymphs in the early instars of the red gum lerp psyllid. The 2nd and 3rd instar larvae of C. externa consumed an average of 19.75 and 38.4 nymphs, respectively. Third instar larvae of C. externa exhibited a type II functional response when fed with different egg densities. Our results suggest that C. externa is a potential control agent for eggs and early instar nymphs of G. brimblecombei. For C. cubana, further studies are necessary to determine its potential in controlling this pest.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Review on Novel Formulations and Delivery Systems of Botanical Insecticides for Enhanced Efficacy.","authors":"Rahul Kumar, Rupinder Kaur, Aditya Singh Ranout, Gireesh Nadda","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01290-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-025-01290-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing demand for eco-friendly pest management solutions has sparked a renewed interest in botanical insecticides. These plant-based insecticides offer a more sustainable option compared to synthetic chemicals, minimizing harm to non-target organisms. Nevertheless, certain challenges like rapid degradation, low stability, and limited efficacy in field conditions have hindered their extensive adoption. This review thoroughly examines recent developments in formulations and delivery techniques with the goal of enhancing the effectiveness of botanical insecticides. In addition, we explore innovative methods such as nanoformulations, encapsulating technologies, and controlled release systems to improve the stability, bioavailability, and targeted delivery of these natural substances. Furthermore, the paper highlights the significance of synergists and adjuvants in enhancing the effectiveness of insecticides and addressing resistance issues in pest populations. Through a thorough analysis of existing research and the identification of important areas that need further exploration, this review seeks to offer valuable insights that can contribute to the creation of botanical insecticide products that are both more efficient and commercially successful. In addition, a comprehensive list of market products that utilize these innovative formulations is also included.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuan-Hao Li, Jing-Hui Su, Jin Hu, Jin-Bo Sun, Yan Qin, Zoya Yefremova, Xia-Lin Zheng
{"title":"Description of Chrysonotomyia ophelimi sp. nov., Parasitoid of the Eucalyptus Gall Wasp Ophelimus bipolaris in China (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae).","authors":"Yuan-Hao Li, Jing-Hui Su, Jin Hu, Jin-Bo Sun, Yan Qin, Zoya Yefremova, Xia-Lin Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01297-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-025-01297-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new species of the genus Chrysonotomyia Ashmead, Chrysonotomyia ophelimi Zheng & Yefremova sp. nov. (green shield wasp) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) is described from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. This species was reared as parasitoid of the Eucalyptus gall wasp Ophelimus bipolaris Chen & Yao (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae). The new parasitoid wasp is identified based on morphological features and molecular analysis of 28S rRNA genes. Both sexes of the newly described species are illustrated, and identification keys are provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144601007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Potential of Eugenol for Eco-friendly Control of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in an Integrated Model with Non-target Organism.","authors":"Dipamani Sarma, Bulbuli Khanikor","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01291-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-025-01291-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eugenol, a major constituent of clove and basil essential oils, has gained attention for its insecticidal properties, particularly against Aedes aegypti Linnaeus, suggesting potential effectiveness against other Aedes species. Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Asian tiger mosquito) is a rapidly spreading invasive species responsible for transmitting serious diseases, including dengue. In the present study, we evaluated eugenol's larvicidal activity against A. albopictus larvae and its impact on the non-target larvivorous fish, Trichogaster fasciata. Eugenol showed larvicidal activity with an LC<sub>50</sub> of 149.89 ± 17.38 ppm, while clove oil had a lower LC<sub>50</sub> of 77.11 ppm at 24 h. Eugenol exposure resulted in notable larval morphological changes, including melanization of the thorax and anal papillae. Histopathological analysis revealed toxic effects of eugenol on the peritrophic membrane, epithelial layer and microvilli of the larval midgut after 24 h. We also assessed the acute toxicity of eugenol on T. fasciata over 96 h using LC<sub>10</sub>, LC<sub>25</sub> and LC<sub>50</sub> concentrations. LC<sub>10</sub> and LC<sub>25</sub> concentrations were safe for the fish, but LC<sub>50</sub> caused immediate mortality. Remarkably, LC<sub>25</sub> concentration restored the natural pigmentation of T. fasciata, which had been lost in aquarium acclimatized conditions. Histopathological examination revealed normal gill and liver features in fish exposed to LC<sub>25</sub>. In an integrated model, eugenol at LC<sub>25</sub> effectively killed A. albopictus larvae and did not harm the non-target larvivorous mosquito Toxorhynchites splendens Theobald and fish T. fasciata. Thus, eugenol (LC<sub>25</sub>) shows promise for controlling A. albopictus larvae in small aquariums and nursery ponds, alongside beneficial larvivorous species.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandra Duarte, Lise Ropars, Nathalie Machon, Laure Desutter-Grandcolas
{"title":"Wild Bee Species (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) of Three Western Provinces of Cuba: A Century of Temporal Dynamics.","authors":"Sandra Duarte, Lise Ropars, Nathalie Machon, Laure Desutter-Grandcolas","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01282-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13744-025-01282-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bees, which play a vital role in the reproduction of plant, are in decline due to multiple factors. In tropical islands, despite their growing extent, urban areas are less explored and sampled compared to natural areas. Historical collections and online databases can then provide information on the temporal dynamics of pollinators as well as ecological information, providing a proxy for deficient sampling. This study investigates the diversity and ecological characteristics of the wild bee community and its temporal dynamics in the Havana province of Cuba. Cuba is a biodiversity hotspot in the Caribbean and hosts the highest bee biodiversity in the Antilles. Here, we analyzed 1,322 records (of which 1,067 new) from various sources (online databases, literature, and historical natural collections during the XIX Century). In the studied area our data attest the presence of 52 species (23 genera, 4 families), of which 47 are native (14 endemics) and four are introduced species Three species categorized as \"critically endangered\" for the country were recorded; 41 species are polylectic (78.8%) and 11 kleptoparasitic (21.2%). Most species were found during the rainy season (49 species vs 39 species recorded in dry season). Regarding the variation of the wild bee population over the years, one third of the recorded species have not been observed since the last century, while about 70% of the species persist. Analysis of a century data underscores the importance of conserving the wild bee community in these provinces.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luana de Souza Covre, Carlos Alberto Hector Flechtmann
{"title":"A New Potential Pest Strikes from the Depths of the Earth: Cicadas in African Mahogany in Brazil.","authors":"Luana de Souza Covre, Carlos Alberto Hector Flechtmann","doi":"10.1007/s13744-025-01293-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-025-01293-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study reports for the first time three cicada species, Dorisiana noriegai Sanborn & Heath, Taphura maccagnani Sanborn, and Fidicina toulgoeti Boulard & Martinelli, in commercial African mahogany plantations of Khaya grandifoliola C. DC. in Capinópolis, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Our research expands the known distribution of D. noriegai and T. maccagnani, representing their first occurrences in the state of Minas Gerais. We document host plants for both species, identifying new hosts for D. noriegai and confirming its polyphagous nature. Dorisiana noriegai was the most abundant species observed, with emergence and calling behaviors synchronized with the rainy season. This species was more prevalent in older stands, indicating that tree age significantly influences cicada abundance. Furthermore, we provide evidence of the vertical distribution of nymphs and exuviae. Our observations revealed no significant damage caused by cicadas, suggesting that their population density was insufficient to result in economic losses to the plantations. These findings underscore the importance of maintaining uneven-aged forest structures to mitigate potential pest outbreaks while supporting cicada populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19071,"journal":{"name":"Neotropical Entomology","volume":"54 1","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}